Pempheris familia Koeda & Motomura, 2017

Koeda, Keita & Bessho-Uehara, Manabu, 2024, A review of the genus Pempheris (Teleostei, Pempheridae) found in Japan and Taiwan, ZooKeys 1220, pp. 123-163 : 123-163

Pempheris familia Koeda & Motomura, 2017

Figs 4 , 5 , Suppl. material 2 Standard Japanese name: Bonin-hatampo

Pempheris familia Koeda & Motomura, 2017 a: figs 1–3 (type locality: off Ototo-jima Island, Ogasawara Islands, Japan); Koeda 2018 b: 299, unnumbered fig.

Pempheris japonica (not Döderlein, 1883): Toyama 1937: 36; Kurata et al. 1971: 25; Zama and Fujita 1977: 102; Randall et al. 1997: 35; Hatooka and Yagishita 2013: 983 (in part); Koeda 2017 a: 6, fig. 1 (lower fig.).

Diagnosis.

Counts of holotype and paratype are given in Table 1 of Koeda and Motomura (2017 a). Dorsal-fin rays VI, 9–10; anal-fin rays III, 35–36; pectoral-fin rays 17; pored lateral-line scales 84–88; scale rows above lateral line 14–15; scale rows below lateral line 28–30; predorsal scales 50–55; circumpeduncular scales 26; gill rakers 12–13 + 22 – 26 = 34–39; head length 28.8–30.1 % SL; body depth 42.9–43.7 % SL; eye diameter 46.8–47.6 % HL; upper jaw length 50.0–56.3 % HL; maximum 153 mm SL; scales strongly ctenoid, adherent, divided into basal and distal halves ( Koeda et al. 2013 a: fig. 2 b); body copper; distinct blackish blotch on pectoral-fin base; tip of dorsal and anal fins broadly black, and rest brown; narrow band of villiform teeth in jaws; abdomen cross-sectional outline U-shaped.

Distribution.

Endemic to the Ogasawara Islands (Fig. 5 ).

Remarks.

Pempheris familia is a second species of the species group that is characterized by strongly ctenoid, adherent body scales with distinct basal and distal portions (see Koeda et al. 2013 a: fig. 2 b) in the Northern Hemisphere shared only with P. japonica ( Koeda et al. 2012 a, 2013 a; Koeda and Motomura 2017 a). The remaining six species of this group are endemic to Australia, New Zealand, or French Polynesia ( Mooi and Jubb 1996; Mooi 1998, 2000). Although P. familia shares most morphological characteristics with P. japonica , the former can be clearly distinguished from the latter in scale counts and the distinct black blotch on pectoral-fin base ( Koeda and Motomura 2017 a).

Figures

Figure 4. Pempheris familia A fresh specimen (KAUM – I. 74713, 153.1 mm SL, holotype, Ototo-jima Island, Ogasawara Islands, Japan, photo taken by K. Kuriiwa) and B underwater photograph (Ani-jima Island, Ogasawara Islands, Japan).

Figure 5. Distribution of Pempheris familia (diamond) and Pempheris japonica (triangles and star for type locality) based on the collection locality of the specimens.