Parianella Hollowell, F.M.Ferreira & R.P.Oliveira, 2013

Ferreira, Fabrício Moreira, Berg, Cássio Van Den, Hollowell, Victoria C. & Oliveira, Reyjane Patrícia, 2013, Parianella (Poaceae, Bambusoideae): morphological and biogeographical information reveals a new genus of herbaceous bamboos from Brazil, Phytotaxa 77 (2), pp. 27-32 : 30

Parianella Hollowell, F.M.Ferreira & R.P.Oliveira , gen. nov. ( Figs. 1–2 )

Parianae et Eremitidis ullis verticillis inflorescentiae gynecandris (verticillis spicularum mascularum perfectarum spiculam femineam cingentibus) affinis. Ab Pariana duobus vel tribus staminibus et stigmate barbato differt. Ad Eremitidem stigmate barbato accedit, sed pluribus quam duobus verticillis gynecandris differt ( Eremitis tantum uno vel duobus verticillis gynecandris praedita).

Type:— Parianella lanceolata (Trin.) F.M.Ferreira & R.P.Oliveira

Plants with monomorphic stems, glabrous to pilose; nodes glabrous or ciliate, with a small conspicuous scar beneath. Leaf sheaths glabrous or ciliate at the margins; fimbriae present or absent; ligule membranous; leaf blades lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, base symmetric to asymmetric, attenuate, apex symmetric, acute to acuminate, both blade surfaces glabrous or ciliate along the adaxial midrib, blade margins scaberulous. Inflorescence monomorphic, terminal, solitary and spiciform, with fragile rachis, bearing gynecandrous whorls with 4 or 5 male spikelets surrounding a central female spikelet. Female spikelet sessile, oblong, glabrous; glumes membranous, acuminate or shortly caudate, fully glabrous or with short trichomes at the apex; styles attenuate, glabrous, stigmata barbate. Male spikelets oblong-ovate, stramineous to green; pedicels long, laminar, usually pilose; glumes oblong-triangular, pilose; lemmas puberulent, 3-nerved; stamens 2 or 3. Caryopsis glabrous, cryptic but free within the persistent anthecium, apex with erect stylar remnants, hilum linear.

Etymology: —The name Parianella refers to the diminutive of Pariana , the genus from which it is segregated.

Distribution: —The genus Parianella is endemic to the Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Bahia state, Brazil ( Fig. 2 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A–C. Parianella carvalhoi. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence on leafy culm. C. Detail of gynecandrous whorl. D–F. Parianella lanceolata. D. Habit. E. Inflorescence in leafy culm. F. Detail of gynecandrous whorl showing the stigmas barbate. G–J. Pariana spp. G. Habit. H. Inflorescence on leafy culm. I. Decumbent culm inflorescence. J. Detail of decumbent culm inflorescence showing the numerous stamens. K–N. Eremitis sp. nov. K. Habit. L. Inflorescence in leafy culm. M. Decumbent culm inflorescence. N. Underground culms inflorescence. (Photos A–C by Aline C. Mota; D–F by Marcos C. Dórea; G–J by Reyjane P. Oliveira; K–N by Fabrício M. Ferreira).

FIGURE 2. Geographic distribution of Parianella, Pariana and Eremitis.