Paramyiolia atra Han & Chen, 2015

Han, Ho-Yeon & Chen, Xiao-Lin, 2015, Phylogeny of the genus Paramyiolia Shiraki (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetini) with descriptions of five Chinese species, Florida Entomologist 98 (1), pp. 86-86 : 86-

Paramyiolia atra Han & Chen sp. nov. ( Figs. 3 , 9, 10 , 19 , 25 , 30 ).

TYPE MATERIAL

HOLOTYPE: 3, CHINA: Yunnan, Honghe, Pingbian, Mt. Dawei Na- ture Reserve , along stream, N22°54'57.6" E103°41'46.4", 2026 m, 7-VII-2011, H.-Y. Han and S.-W. Suk.

DIAGNOSIS

Paramyiolia atra is readily distinguishable from its congeners by the almost completely dark brown body coloration ( Figs. 3 , 9, 10 ). This species can be diagnosed as follows: 1) wing with narrow, medially-interrupted C-band extending from DM-Cu to anterior apical wing margin and then along margin to slightly beyond apex of vein R 4+5; 2) scutum, mediotergite, preabdominal tergites dark brown; and 3) femora predominantly dark brown. In addition,this species has the most differently shaped male glans ( Fig. 30 ; acrophallus widely open and relatively long without any narrowed portion, directed downward at about a 45 degree angle) compared to those of the other P. cornuta species group, which have similarly shaped glans ( Figs. 31–34 ; acrophallus abruptly narrowed near apex, directed downward at about a 75 degree angle).

DESCRIPTION

Body ( Figs. 3 , 9, 10 ) predominantly dark brown with brown head and yellow brown tibiae and tarsi; setae and setulae dark brown to brown; wing length 4.5 mm and thorax length 1.9 mm. Male head ( Fig. 19 ) largely brown except dark brown ocellar triangle and occiput; frons brown, sparsely covered with fine dark brown setulae, deeply concave with highly modified frontal setae; anterior 2 frontal setae greatly enlarged with 2nd seta slightly shorter than and about half as thick as 1 st seta; posterior 2 frontal setae normal, about 0.7x as long as 1st seta; fronto-orbital plate associated with enlarged setae sharply elevated; frontal-head ratio 0.41, eye ratio 0.78 and genal-eye ratio 0.08; inner vertical seta 0.8x longest diameter of eye; outer vertical seta 0.6x as long as inner vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.4x as long as inner vertical seta; paravertical seta 0.5x as long as postocellar seta; ocellar triangle dark brown; ocellar seta 1.5x as long as ocellar triangle; antenna with aristal-antennal ratio 1.61; scape and pedicel with dark brown setulae; arista short pubescent, dark brown except yellow brown base; parafacial very narrow, about 0.2x as wide as flagellomere 1; facial ridge with short fine pale setulae; genal seta dark brown; postgena moderately swollen with long dark brown setulae; postocular setae extended 0.7x distance from upper eye margin to lower eye margin; median occiput entirely dark brown; lateral occiput with dark brown upper half and brown lower half; supracervical setulae yellow brown; maxillary palp with dark brown apical and subapical setulae. Thorax almost entirely dark brown with dark brown setae and setulae; scutum heavily pruinose dark brown with brown postpronotal lobe; dorsocentral seta about 0.4x distance from level of intra-alar seta to postsutural supra-alar seta; scutellum slightly convex, almost bare with few tiny marginal setulae, basal seta 2.3x as long as scutellum and apical seta 1.2x as long as scutellum; proepisternum densely covered with long yellow brown setulae; anepisternum with lower seta hair-like, about 0.3x as long as upper seta; mediotergite shiny dark brown. Legs with femora dark brown, tibiae and tarsi yellow brown; fore femur with 4 posteroventral setae; midtibial spur 1.3x as long as midtibia width. Wing ( Fig. 9 ) hyaline with dark brown to brown pattern; typical Anomoia - type pattern with narrow, medially-interrupted C-band extending from DMCu to anterior apical wing margin and then along margin to slightly beyond apex of vein R 4+5; crossvein DM-Cu strongly oblique forming apically pointed cell dm; basal area enclosed by pterostigma, crossvein R-M, and basal half of cell DM-Cu almost entirely dark brown except for hyaline spot covering middle 1/3 of cell c; wing-thorax ratio 2.4, vein R 4+5 ratio 2.6, vein M ratio 0.48 and subcostal-costal ratio 0.54; R 4+5 with 8 tiny setulae between node and crossvein R-M.

Male abdomen ( Fig. 3 ) about as long as wide, entirely subshiny dark brown; epandrium ( Fig. 25 ) dark brown and surstylus brown; lateral surstylus with both anterior and posterior lobes angular, truncate apically in lateral view; glans ( Fig. 30 )with distinct subapical lobe; acrophallus widely open and relatively long without any narrowed portion, directed downward at about 45 degree angle; dorsal sclerite without extensive sculpture pattern found in most other genera of the subtribe Chetostomatina ; vesica relatively short, about 1/8 as long as sclerotized portion of glans.

Female unknown.

DISTRIBUTION

China (Yunnan).

ETYMOLOGY

The specific epithet is an adjective from the Latin ‘atra’, meaning black, referring to the predominantly dark body coloration.

Figures

Figs. 3–8. Male thorax and abdominal patterns of the Paramyiolia cornuta species group in dorsal view. (3) P. atra; (4) P. atrifasciata; (5) P. melanogaster; (6) P. nigrihumera; (7) P. yunnana; (8) P. cornuta.

Figs. 9–18. Chinese Paramyiolia species in lateral and dorsal views (all male holotype specimens). (9, 10) P. atra; (11, 12) P. atrifasciata; (13, 14) P. melanogaster; (15, 16) P. nigrihumera; (17, 18) P. yunnana. This figure is shown in color in a supplementary document online as Suppl. Figs. 9–18 in Florida Entomologist 98(1) (March 2015) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse.

Figs. 19–24. Heads of Chinese Paramyiolia in fronto-lateral view. (19) P. atra, holotype male; (20) P. atrifasciata, holotype male; (21) P. melanogaster, holotype male; (22) P. nigrihumera, holotype male; (23) P. yunnana, holotype male; (24) P. yunnana, paratype female (size and position of missing anterior frontal setae marked in dotted lines based on a Japanese P. cornuta female – Ito, 1985). This figure is shown in color in a supplementary document online as Suppl. Figs. 19–24 in Florida Entomologist 98(1) (March 2015) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse.

Figs. 25–29. Epandrial complexes of Chinese Paramyiolia in caudal and lateral views (all from holotypes). (25) P. atra; (26) P. atrifasciata; (27) P. melanogaster; (28) P. nigrihumera; (29) P. yunnana. This figure is shown in color in a supplementary document online as Suppl. Figs. 25–29 in Florida Entomologist 98(1) (March 2015) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse.

Figs. 30–34. Glanses of Chinese Paramyiolia in caudal and lateral views (all from holotypes). (30) P. atra; (31) P. atrifasciata; (32) P. melanogaster; (33) P. nigrihumera; (34) P. yunnana. This figure is shown in color in a supplementary document online as Suppl. Figs. 30–34 in Florida Entomologist 98(1) (March 2015) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse.