Paradoxapseudes pangcahi, Tzeng, You-Wei & Hsueh, Pan-Wen, 2014

Tzeng, You-Wei & Hsueh, Pan-Wen, 2014, New species and records of Apseudomorpha (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Taiwan, Zootaxa 3869 (3), pp. 313-337 : 314-316

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.3.6
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C0C16E12-10C5-42B0-97D5-7EEEFD604C3B
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6130964
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D98C5C-FFDB-FFD7-64E7-FB6EFC0F8CC3
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Paradoxapseudes pangcahi
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Paradoxapseudes pangcahi View in CoL sp. nov.

Figs 1–3 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3

Material examined. Holotype: non-ovigerous female ( NMNS 7339-1), 2.1 mm, Jialulan (22°48'10.2"N, 121°11'57.0"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from green alga Chlorodesmis sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, April 20, 2012.

Allotype: male ( NMNS 7339-2), 1.9 mm, same collection data as holotype.

Paratypes: one male ( NMNS 7339-3), 1.9 mm, one female ( NMNS 7339-4), 1.4 mm, three mancae II and two mancae III ( NMNS 7339-7), four females and two males ( NMNS 7339-8), same collection data as holotype; one male ( NMNS 7339-5), 1.5 mm, Jihuei (23°06'54.9"N, 121°24'16.3"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from red alga Melanamansia sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, August 18, 2012; one male ( NMNS 7339-6), 1.2 mm, Jihuei (23°06'54.9"N, 121°24'16.3"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from red alga Melanamansia sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, April 18, 2012.

Diagnosis. Female: Antennule outer flagellum five-segmented; inner flagellum two-segmented. Antenna flagellum four-segmented. Cheliped carpus ventral margin with two spine-like apophyses; dactylus incisive margin with three tubercles. Pereopod 1 basis with three dorsal plumose setae; propodus with three ventral spines. Pereopod 6 basis with ten dorsal plumose setae. Uropod exopod five-segmented, endopod with nine to twelve segments.

Description. Female, holotype: Habitus ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 A) body dorsoventrally flattened, about six times as long as wide. Cephalothorax about 0.2 times as long as body, about 1.3 times as long as wide, with two well-separated eyelobes, rostrum short, obtuse triangular. Pereon with all pereonites shorter than broad; pereonite 1 shortest, 0.3 times as long as wide, without lateral projection; pereonite 2 slightly longer than pereonite 1, with one anterolateral blunt projection and one lateral seta; each of pereonites 3–4 about two times as long as pereonite 1, with one lateral blunt projection terminated by a single seta; pereonite 5 longest, a little longer than pereonite 4, with one lateral blunt projection terminated with two setae; pereonite 6 with eight lateral plumose setae. Pleon more than 0.25 times as long as body; pleonites 1–4 laterally narrowed, with three lateral plumose setae; pleonite 5 with two lateral plumose setae. Pleotelson about 0.4 times as long as pleon, with two weak lateral projections, four dorsal plumose setae and four lateral plumose setae.

Antennule ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 B) about 1.6 times as long as cephalothorax; peduncle article 1 about 0.4 times as long as antennule, with eight broom setae on outer margin and three broom setae, five small teeth and one cluster of five setae on inner margin; article 2 about 0.3 times as long as article 1, with four distal broom setae, two distal setae and one broom setae on inner margin; article 3 shorter than article 2, with two distal setae and one lateral seta; article 4 with one distal broom seta and two simple setae. Outer flagellum five-segmented; segment 1 with one distal seta; segment 2 longest, with two distal setae; segment 3 with one distal seta; segment 4 with four distal setae and one aesthetasc; segment 5 very short, with three distal setae. Inner flagellum 0.5 times as long as outer flagellum, with two segments similar in length; segment 1 with one distal seta; segment 2 with three distal setae.

Antenna ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 C) peduncle five-articled, article 2 with apparently four broom setae; article 3 much shorter than articles 4 and 5, with one broom distal seta, article 4 with one broom distal seta, article 5 as long as article 4, with two distal setae and two broom setae; flagellum four-segmented, all segments similar in length, segment 1 with two distal setae, segment 2 with one distal seta, segment 3 with four distal setae, segment 4 with five distal setae; squama present, attached distally on peduncle article 2, with four distal setae.

Labrum ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 D) with middle of distal margin slightly depressed and covered by two rows of setules, basal part with two lobes. Right mandible ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 E) incisor with four denticles, setal row with three multifurcate setae and one strong bifurcate seta; molar ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 F) apex with corrugated triturative surface, outer margin near palp denticulate; palp ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 E) three-articled, article 1 shortest, with two simple and one pinnate setae, article 2 with nine finely pinnate setae, article-3 with four pinnate setae and four simple distal setae. Left mandible ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 G) similar to right mandible but lacinia mobilis present, three-denticled. Labium ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 H) palp about 2.7 times as long as wide and distally narrowed, covered by setules and with three apical setae; lobe with few setules and one seta near palp. Maxillule ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 I) palp two-articled, with three distal setae; outer endite with eleven distal spines and two small plumose setae, and with one row of setules along outer margin; inner endite with four distal plumose setae. Maxilla ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 A) outer margin with one row of setules; outer lobe of movable endite with two pinnate setae and four simple setae; inner lobe of movable endite with six setae; outer lobe of fixed endite with four distal setae and three multifurcate setae; inner lobe of fixed endite with one row of 17 simple setae and two longer bipinnate setae. Maxilliped ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 B) basis inner margin with two long distal plumose setae; endite ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 C) with eight multifurcate setae and two simple setae on distal margin, inner margin with two coupling hooks and six plumose setae; palp article 1 inner margin with one long distal plumose seta, outer margin with one distal seta; article 2 inner margin with three plumose and 13 simple setae, outer margin with one strong distal spine; article 3 inner margin with seven simple setae; article 4 with nine distal setae.

Cheliped ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 D) robust; exopod three-articled, distal article with four plumose setae; basis 1.5 times as long as wide, having ventral margin with one median spine and two distal plumose setae; merus distoventral margin with one seta and several weak projections; carpus about as long as basis, 1.5 times as long as wide, ventral margin with two strong pointed apophyses and five setae; propodus (including fixed finger) about as long as carpus, palm broad and rounded, fixed finger thick, distally acute, outer margin with three setae, incisive margin with one strong denticulate triangular process, one low blunt denticulate process and eight setae; dactylus slightly curved, about 0.5 times as long as propodus, with three distodorsal setae, incisive margin with three small and rounded tubercles and one short spine.

Pereopod 1 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 A) exopod three-articled, distal article with five plumose setae; coxa with blunt apophysis covered with three plumose setae and two short simple setae; basis 2.5 times as long as wide, with three dorsal plumose seta, ventral margin with two plumose seta, one long and two short distal simple setae; ischium with three distoventral setae; merus 0.5 times as long as basis, with one distodorsal spiniform seta, one distodorsal simple seta and one lateral broom seta, ventral margin with four setae and one spine distally; carpus shorter than merus, with six dorsal setae, one distodorsal spines and one lateral seta, ventral margin with two robust spines and seven setae; propodus a little shorter than carpus, with one lateral broom seta, dorsal margin with three simple setae and two spines, ventral margin with four setae and three spines; dactylus plus unguis shorter than propodus. Pereopod 2 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 B) coxa without prominent apophysis, with one plumose setae; basis narrow, about 3.5 times as long as wide, with one dorsal seta, two ventral setae and three distoventral setae; ischium with two distoventral setae; merus with three distodorsal setae, two distoventral spines and three ventral setae; carpus as long as merus, with cluster of four distodorsal setae, one spine and one setulate seta, ventral margin with three spines and one seta; propodus longer than carpus, with one dorsal simple seta and two distodorsal spines and one pinnate seta, ventral margin with four spines, one simple and one setulate seta; dactylus plus unguis nearly as long as propodus, more curved than dactylus of pereopod 1, with one ventral seta. Pereopod 3 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 C) almost same as pereopod 2 but somewhat shorter. Spines on pereopods 1–3 serrate.

Pereopod 4 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 D) coxa with one seta; basis approximately three times as long as wide, with four lateral setae and two distoventral setae; ischium short, with two distoventral setae; merus about two times as long as ischium, with one distodorsal seta, two distoventral setae and two spines; carpus about two times as long as merus, ventral margin with two middle spines, distal margin with three lateral spines, two lateral setae, two medial spines, and two medial setae; propodus as long as carpus, with distal row of eight pinnate setae of equal length and one subdistal row of setae with two setulate setae, three longer pinnate setae and one longest simple setae; dactylus relatively small, together with unguis shorter than propodus. Pereopod 5 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 E) coxa with one seta; basis about 3.2 times as long as wide, with one proximodorsal seta, one medial seta, one ventral seta and two distoventral setae; ischium relatively longer comparing to pereopods 1–4, with one distodorsal seta and two distoventral setae; merus 3.5 times shorter than basis, with one long dorsal seta, two distoventral setae and a pair of distoventral spines; carpus 1.5 times as long as merus, with one distodorsal seta, one medial seta, one ventral seta, and two pairs of spines; propodus about as long as carpus, with two distodorsal setae, one distodorsal spine, and one medial seta, ventral margin with one middle and one distal spines, and one comb-like row of eight pinnate setae between the two robust spines. Pereopod 6 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 F) basis thicker than pereopod 5 basis, with five dorsal medial plumose setae and one distal medial cluster of five plumose setae, ventral margin with one simple setae and two distal broom setae; ischium with three distoventral setae; merus approximately 2.2 times as long as ischium, with two dorsal plumose setae, one lateral medial simple seta and two distoventral simple setae; carpus 1.3 times as long as merus, having dorsal margin with one middle plumose seta, one distal plumose seta and two distal short simple setae, ventral margin with one middle seta and three distal setae; propodus distal margin with three pinnate setae, three setulate setae and one spine, ventral margin with one proximal and one distal spines, and comb-like row of nine pinnate setae between the two robust spines.

Pleopod ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 G) basal article with two outer plumose setae; exopod and endopod both with seven plumose setae.

Uropod ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 H) about twice as long as pleotelson; basal article with one long distal seta; exopod fivesegmented, segments 2–5 with one seta each; endopod nine-segmented, segments 5–7 each with one distal seta, segment 8 naked, segment 9 with five distal setae; uropod endopod nine-segmented.

Variation. Uropod endopod can have between nine (holotype) and twelve segments (as in some female paratypes).

Male allotype: Similar to female but antennule with six-segmented outer flagellum, antenna with fivesegmented flagellum, dimorphic chelipeds, and uropods with 13-segmented endopod. Small cheliped same as female cheliped. Large cheliped ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 E) more robust than female cheliped, with one distal apophysis on merus; carpus thick, 1.1 times as long as wide, with larger ventral spine-like apophyses; palm enlarged, fixed finger short, 0.7 times as long as wide; dactylus strongly curved.

Etymology. The name is derived from the Pangcah aboriginal tribe of eastern Taiwan, as a tribute to their glittering cultures.

Type locality. Jialulan, eastern Taiwan.

Distribution. It is only known from Jialulan and Jihuei, eastern Taiwan.

Remarks. The present species closely resembles Paradoxapseudes littoralis ( Shiino, 1952) from Japan (Table 1). Both species have two prominent pointed apophyses on the ventral margin of the cheliped carpus, three ventral spines on pereopod 1 propodus, and two outer setae on pleopod basal article ( Shiino 1952: Figs 4–5 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 ; preset study: Figs 1–3 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 , Table 1). Nevertheless, Paradoxapseudes pangcahi sp. nov. can be distinguished from P. littoralis by having 1) one more segment on both the outer and inner flagellae of the antennule, 2) one less segment on the antennal flagellum, 3) two more distal setae on labial palp, 4) one more distal setae on maxillule palp, 5) three dorsal plumose setae on pereopod 1 basis, not four simple setae, 6) two more dorsal plumose setae on pereopod 6 basis, and 7) nine to 12-segmented uropod endopod, in contrast to 14-segmented uropod endopod ( Shiino 1952: Figs 4–5 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 ; present study: Figs 1–3 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 , Table 1).