Paracymbiomma pepita, Cizauskas & Brescovit & Rodrigues & Rheims, 2024

Cizauskas, Igor, Brescovit, Antonio D., Rodrigues, Bruno V. B. & Rheims, Cristina A., 2024, Description of the female of P. pauferrense Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018 and three new species of Paracymbiomma Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018 (Araneae: Prodidomidae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 5474 (3), pp. 271-291 : 273-277

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5474.3.5

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E3F540F9-CA0A-40A4-9A07-B24B62AF5A4F

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567800

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E65D3142-FFD3-4D0C-BDAE-FA9180FB3EF2

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Paracymbiomma pepita
status

sp. nov.

Paracymbiomma pepita sp. nov.

Figs 1–14 View FIGURES 1–5 View FIGURES 6–10 View FIGURES 11–14 , 66B View FIGURE 66

Type material. Holotype: BRAZIL: Pará: ♂, Curionópolis, Cave SL _0108 [05°53’537”S; 43°40’34”W], 12 January 2012, M. P. Oliveira leg. ( IBSP 189003 View Materials ) GoogleMaps . Paratype: ♀ from the same vial as holotype ( IBSP 189003 View Materials ) .

Etymology. The specific name refers to the largest gold nugget in the world, the “Pepita Canaã”, found in Serra Pelada, Brazil, a mining area located near the type locality; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Specimens of P. pepita sp. nov. resemble those of P. doisirmaos , P. angelim , P. bocaina and P una sp. nov. in having six eyes ( Figs 1 View FIGURES 1–5 , 6–7 View FIGURES 6–10 ). Males resemble those of P. bocaina in having an ovoid tegulum (rounded in the other species) but differ by the RTA surpassing half the cymbium length ( Figs 5 View FIGURES 1–5 , 12 View FIGURES 11–14 ) (RTA with curved tip and not reaching half the cymbium length in P. bocaina ) and by the MA resembling a scorpion telson, with blunt tip ( Figs 4 View FIGURES 1–5 , 11 View FIGURES 11–14 ) (rounded with small triangular tip in P. bocaina ). Females are distinguished from the other six-eyed congeners by the epigynum with a triangular atrium ( Figs 9 View FIGURES 6–10 , 13 View FIGURES 11–14 ) (circular in P. bocaina and P. una sp. nov. and with hood in P. angelim ).

Description. Male (holotype): Carapace, legs and abdomen weakly pigmented ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1–5 ). Total length: 2.19. Carapace 0.79 long, 0.69 wide; abdomen 1.12 long, 0.64 wide; sternum 0.56 long, 0.46 wide ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1–5 ); ALS 0.22 long, 0.10 wide. Six eyes arranged in two triads. AME absent. Eye diameters and interdistances: ALE 0.05; PLE 0.03; PME 0.01; ALE–ALE 0.04; PLE–ALE 0.01; PME–ALE 0.01; PME–PLE 0.03; PME–PME 0.04. Chelicerae 0.3 long; 5 retromarginal teeth and 2 promarginal teeth ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1–5 ). Leg formula 4123. Leg measurements: I: 2.33 (0.68, 0.37, 0.51, 0.42, 0.35); II: 1.94 (0.57, 0.23, 0.42, 0.39, 0.33); IV: 2.76 (0.69, 0.35, 0.63, 0.59, 0.5). Leg spination: I— femur d1-1-0, p1-0-0; tibia v2-2-0; metatarsus v2-0-0.II—femur d1-1-0; tibia v0-1-0; metatarsus v0-2-0. IV—femur d1-1-2; tibia p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v1-0-2; metatarsus p1-0-1, r1-0-1, v1-1-2. Palp: femur with three dorsal spines (one median and two posterior) and six posterior ventral spines; RTA with tapered and curved tip ( Figs 5 View FIGURES 1–5 , 12 View FIGURES 11–14 ); E arising from tegulum at 12 o’clock position and not accompanying tegulum posterior contour; C almost as long as E, arising from tegulum at 1 o’clock position; MA at least three times longer than wide, distally widened ( Figs 4–5 View FIGURES 1–5 , 11–12 View FIGURES 11–14 ).

Female (paratype): Carapace and legs pale yellow, abdomen weakly pigmented ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 6–10 ). Total length: 2.26. Carapace 0.98 long, 0.74 wide; abdomen 1.15 long, 0.66 wide; sternum 0.61 long, 0.49 wide; ALS 0.19 long, 0.085 wide ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 6–10 ). Six eyes arranged in two triads ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 6–10 ). AME absent. Eye diameters and interdistances: ALE 0.04; PLE 0.04; PME 0.02; ALE–ALE 0.09; PLE–ALE 0.01; PME–ALE 0.03; PME–PLE 0.04; PME–PME 0.06. Chelicerae 0.30 long; 5 retromarginal teeth and 2 promarginal teeth. Leg formula 4123. Leg measurements: I: 2.4 (0.68, 0.44, 0.45, 0.48, 0.35; II: 2.28 (0.65, 0.39, 0.50, 0.43, 0.31); III: 2.09 (0.56, 0.32, 0.43, 0.40, 0.38); IV: 2.83 (0.77, 0.37, 0.62, 0.54, 0.53). Leg spination: I—femur d1-1-0; tibia v1p-2-0; metatarsus v2-0-0. II—femur d1-1-0; tibia v1r-2-0; metatarsus v2-0-0. III—femur d1-1-1p; tibia d0-1-0, p1-0-0, r1-0-0, v1p-2-2; metatarsus p0-0-1, r1- 0-0, v2-0-1. IV—femur d1-1-2; tibia d1-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v1p-2-2; metatarsus d2-0-2, p0-0-1, r1-0-1, v2-1r-1. Epigynum: EF roughly as wide as long; A triangular with lateral and anterior margins sclerotized ( Figs 9 View FIGURES 6–10 , 13 View FIGURES 11–14 ). Vulva: CD with hyaline part (closer to CO) with two anterior loops; sclerotized part (closer to PS) strongly convoluted; PS elongate, roughly five times longer than wide; SS club-shaped, antero-medial, not reaching anterior margin of first loop; FD lateral ( Figs 10 View FIGURES 6–10 , 14 View FIGURES 11–14 ).

Distribution. Only known from the type locality, a ferruginous cave in Curionópolis, Pará, Brazil ( Fig. 66B View FIGURE 66 ).

Natural history. Specimens of Paracymbiomma pepita sp. nov. were collected in a single iron cave inserted in the Serra Leste outcrop, a region with high anthropic activity derived from ore extraction. The specimens were located on the floor in the aphotic region with high humidity. To date, only troglophile spiders were known from caves in the Serra Leste region (e.g. Pikelinia carajas ( Brescovit, Magalhaes & Cizauskas, 2016) ; Plato ferriferus Prete, Cizauskas & Brescovit, 2018 ; Ochyrocera aragogue Brescovit, Cizauskas & Mota, 2018 ). These troglobite spiders have body depigmentation, reduced eyes and elongated appendages.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Prodidomidae

Genus

Paracymbiomma

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