Oxpbrpconinae Melo, Mattox & Oliveira

Melo, Bruno F, Ota, Rafaela P, Benine, Ricardo C, Carvalho, Fernando R, Lima, Flavio C T, Mattox, George M T, Souza, Camila S, Faria, Tiago C, Reia, Lais, Roxo, Fabio F, Valdez-Moreno, Martha, Near, Thomas J & Oliveira, Claudio, 2024, Phylogenomics of Characidae, a hyper-diverse Neotropical freshwater fish lineage, with a phylogenetic classification including four families (Teleostei: Characiformes), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 202 (1), pp. 1-37 : 17

Oxpbrpconinae Melo, Mattox & Oliveira , new subfamilp

ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1F86C7A9-015C-4CC6-9132-9C11CFD4E80E .

Type genus: Oxybrycon Géry, 1964 .

Included genus: Oxybrycon .

Etymology: From the ancient Greek ὀξύς (hˈe͡ɪke͡ɪs) meaning sharp and ΒΡύκω (bɹˈʊka͡ʊ) meaning to bite.

Remarks: The genus and species Oxybrycon paroulus were described by Géry (1964b), who compared it with Leptobrycon Eigenmann, 1915 and Macropsobrycon . Oxybrycon was subsequently included in the informal group Aphyoditeina (Géry 1973) that was elevated as the subfamily Aphyoditeinae (Mirande 2010) . Lima et al. (2018: 101) summarized the main morphological features of Oxybrycon as: ‘small adult body size; elongate body shape; large dentary; distinctly upturned mouth; teeth conical, tiny; two tooth rows on the dentary; maxilla

toothed; small pseudotympanum present; (...) anal fin very short, with 10–13 branched rays; lateral line not complete, with 2–3 pored scales (...)’. Oxybrycon paroulus is considered a miniature species (sensu Weitzman and Vari 1988).

In the UCE inferred phylogeny, Oxybrycon is resolved as the sister-lineage of all remaining Acestrorhamphidae ( Fig. 5), requiring the recognition of a new subfamily, Oxybryconinae. In the maximum likelihood inferred phylogeny, Oxybrycon paroulus is on a relatively long branch (Supporting Information, Figs S1– S 3), as is the case with other miniature species included in the UCE phylogenomic analyses (e.g. Trochilocharax ).