Oxalis bisfracta Turczaninow (1863: 595)

López, Alicia, Sassone, Agostina B. & Fiaschi, Pedro, 2018, Lectotypifications in Oxalis (Oxalidaceae) for the Flora of Argentina, Phytotaxa 343 (2), pp. 189-193 : 190-191

Oxalis bisfracta Turczaninow (1863: 595)

Type:— BOLIVIA. Oruro, D’Orbigny 1485 (lectotype P!, first-step designated by Lourteig [2000: 384]; second-step P-02440113! designated here, image available at http://plants.jstor.org/stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.p02440113; isolectotypes: BR-0000005286843!, G-00383329!, KW-001001035!, P-02440114!, W-Rchb.1889-0118459!) .

Note:—In the protologue, Turczaninow (1863) cited the gathering “ Bolivia, prope Oruro, d’Orbigny N ° 1495”. Lourteig (2000: 384) wrote: “Holót. P, Isót. G, W ”.

Further duplicates were located by us at BR and KW (see above). In particular, there is no doubt that the specimen stored at KW (formerly at CW), i.e. KW-001001035, is part of the original material studied by Nicolai Turczaninow, as he performed his investigation in this institution ( Stafleu & Cowan 1986), and also considering the title of the work in which the protologue was published: “Animadversiones ad Catalogum primum et secundum Herbarii Universitatis Charkoviensis”. In addition, it is even possible that Turczaninow never saw the specimens cited by Lourteig. Nevertheless, all the specimens belonging to the gathering cited by Turczaninow in the protologue are syntypes according to Art. 9.3 and Art. 9.5. Therefore, as they represent the same taxon according to our examination, Lourteig’s designation cannot be superseded. However, there is no evidence that any specimen was the only element on which Turczaninow based the original description. Thus, following McNeill (2014) and Art. 40 Note 1, use of term “ holotype ” by Lourteig (2000) is an error to be corrected to lectotype (Art 9.9). Finally, as at P two pertinent specimens are preserved, we propose a second-step lectotypification by selecting P-02440113, which is the best preserved.

Oxalis breviramulosa Rusby (1893: 13) [= Oxalis bisfracta Turcz. (1863: 595) ]

Type:— BOLIVIA. La Paz, 10000 ft, 1890, Bang 195 (replacement lectotype NY 00385310 !, designated here, image available at http:// plants.jstor.org/stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.ny00385310; isolectotypes:BR-0000008551030!,E-00326125!, F-0066560 F!, GH-00100483!, GH-00100484!, K-000531708!, MO-251399!, MSC-0092500!, NY-00385309!, PH-00017750!, US-00100984!) .

Note:—In the protologue of O. breviramulosa , there is no mention of the herbarium where the original material was deposited, i.e. “Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1890 (195)” ( Rusby 1893). Lourteig (2000: 384) indicated that the “ holotype ” was stored at P, but we were not able to find any specimen from Bang 195 in this institution. It is therefore necessary to select a replacement lectotype from amongst the remaining syntypes in accordance with Art. 9.11. We found several specimens belonging to this gathering in other herbaria and we made the selection between the two sheets stored at NY, where Henry Rusby worked ( Stafleu & Cowan 1986). The designated lectotype consists of several individuals and bears Rusby’s handwriting annotation “ Oxalis breviramulosa, Rusby sp. n ”. Moreover, George Eiten in 1955 recognized this specimen as the “ holotype ” of O. breviramulosa (see label).

We considered this name as a synonym of Oxalis bisfracta in agreement with the “determinavit” labels placed by

Eiten and Lourteig in the lectotype sheet, and published in Lourteig (2000: 384).

Oxalis caespitosa Saint-Hilaire (1825: 122) [= Oxalis conorrhiza Jacquin (1794: 26) ]

Type:— BRAZIL. São Paulo, dans les pâturages près Pascaria , 1816, St.-Hilaire C 2 1341 (lectotype P!, first-step designated by Lourteig [2000: 393]; second-step P-00724071!, designated here, image available at http://plants.jstor.org/stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap. specimen.p00724071; isolectotypes: P-00724072!, P-00724073!) .

Note:— Lourteig (2000) indicated as the “ holotype ” (actually lectotype) a specimen stored at P, but as there are three pertinent sheets at P (i.e., P-00724071, P-00724072, P-00724073), a second-step lectotypification is here proposed. The designated lectotype (P-00724071) is composed by 7 individuals and bears numerous flowers and fruits ; it is in a perfect state of preservation, and fits unambiguously the diagnostic morphological traits of the protologue. We accept the synonymization with O. conorrhiza proposed by Lourteig (2000).

Oxalis cineracea Saint-Hilaire (1825: 123) [= Oxalis conorrhiza Jacq. (1794: 26) ]

Type :—[ URUGUAY] Pâturages naturels près l’Estancia del Velhaco , province Cisplatine, 1816, Saint-Hilaire C 2 2464-ter (lectotype P!, first-step designated by Lourteig [2000: 393]; second-step P-00724021! designated here, image available at http://plants.jstor.org/ stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.p00724021; isolectotypes: P-00724022!, P-00724023!, F-0066506!) .

Note:—Between the two available specimens of Saint-Hilaire C 2 2464-ter at P indicated by Lourteig (2000), we choose P-00724021 as lectotype, because it is represented by several flowered specimens and it bears a label with a handwritten annotation by the describing author.

We agree with Lourteig (2000) in considering Oxalis cineracea as a synonym of O. conorrhiza since not conspicuous differences were found in the analyzed material.

Oxalis cordobensis Knuth (1919: 301) var. humilior Knuth (1919: 301) [= Oxalis conorrhiza Jacq. (1794: 26) ] Type:—[ URUGUAY] Dpto. Artigas, Cuaró, 1 X 1894, Osten 3129 (lectotype SI-003129! designated here, image available at http://plants.

jstor.org/stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.si003129).

Note:—In the protologue, Knuth (1919: 301) cited two gatherings, “ Berg n. 43 (Argertinien)” and “ Osten n. 3129 ( Uruguay)”. Lourteig (2000: 393) wrote: “type not established, the material coincides with the species”. The specimen Berg n. 43 (LP-011014) constitutes dubious material, since it bears an inflorescence that it is not in concordance with the original description (see the circled material in the herbarium specimen). Then, we chose the specimen SI-003129, which matches unequivocally the protologue and contains two individuals presenting well-preserved fruits and flowers. Furthermore, SI-003129 is likely a duplicate of the syntype studied by Knuth at B and possible destroyed during the Second World War ( Hiepko 1987).

After exploring morphological characters, no difference was found among specimens of Oxalis cordobensis var. humilior and O. conorrhiza , so we follow the synonymization proposed by Lourteig (2000).