Orchestina caixiaae Tong & Li, 2025

Song, Chenxue, Bian, Dongju, Tong, Yanfeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2025, A survey of Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae, Oonopidae) from Xishuangbanna, China, with descriptions of eight new species, ZooKeys 1249, pp. 247-288 : 247-288

Orchestina caixiaae Tong & Li sp. nov.

Figs 7 , 8 , 9

Type material.

Holotype China • ♂ ( SYNU -1588 ), fogging; Yunnan, Mengla Co., Menglun Town, XNNR , 55 Km. , the secondary forest on the mountain top; 21°57.978'N, 101°12.167'E, 842 ± 14 m; 18.VIII.2011; Zheng G., Zhao Q. & Gao C. leg. Paratypes. China • 1 ♂ ( SYNU -F-3956 ), same data as holotype • 1 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4418 ), same data as holotype • 1 ♂ ( SYNU -1589 ), fogging; XNNR , the pomelo forest beside rice field; 21°54.116'N, 101°16.15'E, 549 m; 18.VIII.2018; Bai Z., Yu H., Yang Y. & Chen Z. leg. • 1 ♂ ( SYNU -1590 ), fogging; XNNR , 55 Km. , the valley forest beside the artificial fishpond; 21°57.883'N, 101°12.147'E, 839 ± 18 m; 15.VIII.2011; Zheng G., Zhao Q. & Gao C. leg. • 4 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4364 –67), same data as above • 1 ♂ ( SYNU -F-3957 ), same data as above .

Additional material.

China • 1 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4359 ), fogging; Yunnan, Mengla Co., Xiaolongha Vill., Biodiversity corridor , valley forest; 21°24.253'N, 101°36.324'E, 761 ± 16 m; 15.VI.2013; Zhao Q. & Gao C. leg. • 1 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4419 ), same data as above • 1 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4356 ), fogging; XNNR , 55 Km., about 1 km up the hill , seasonal rainforest; 21°57.935'N, 101°12.305'E, 781 ± 17 m; 13.VIII.2011; Zheng G., Zhao Q. & Gao C. leg. • 1 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4441 ), fogging; Xiaolongha Vill., Biodiversity corridor , seasonal rainforest; 21°24.26'N, 101°37.296'E, 653 ± 15 m; 27.VI.2012; Zhao Q. & Chen Z. leg. • 2 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4728 –29), same data as above • 1 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4629 ), fogging; XNNR , 48 Km. , artificial forest; 21°53.997'N, 101°16.957'E, 593 ± 18 m; 11.VIII.2011; Zheng G., Zhao Q. & Gao C. leg. • 2 ♀ ( SYNU -F-4763 –64), fogging; XNNR, 200 m east of the Lvshilin, limestone monsoon rainforest; 21°54.617'N, 101°16.843'E, 738 ± 17 m; 7.VIII.2011; Zheng G., Zhao Q. & Gao C. leg.

Diagnosis.

The new species is similar to Orchestina lini Tong & Li, 2025 in the non-enlarged palpal tibia and the abruptly bent sperm duct, but can be distinguished by the short tube-shaped embolus (vs very long; cf. Fig. 9 A, B, D and Zhou et al. 2025: fig. 2 A – C), the rectangular labium (vs rounded; cf. Fig. 9 C and Zhou et al. 2025: fig. 1 G), and the long medial clavate sclerite of endogyne (vs short; cf. Fig. 9 F and Zhou et al. 2025: fig. 2 F).

Description.

Male ( holotype). Body: habitus as in Fig. 7 A – C ; body length 1.13. Carapace (Fig. 7 E ): 0.55 long, 0.41 wide. Eyes (Fig. 7 D, E ): well developed, PME largest. Clypeus as in Fig. 7 D, G . Sternum as in Fig. 7 F . Mouthparts (Figs 7 D, F , 9 C ): labium rectangular, with anterior margin anteriorly projecting at middle, not fused to sternum; endites strongly sclerotized on outer margin, with serrula in single row, outer margin straight. Abdomen ovoid, 0.58 long; dorsum soft portions pale white, without color pattern. Legs: yellow, without color pattern; femur IV thickened, wider than femora I-III. Palp (Fig. 9 A, B, D ): tibia not enlarged, length / width = 2.04, cymbium elongated ovoid; bulb pear-shaped in lateral view, with ventral side strongly protruding proximally, ca 2.23 × as wide as tibia; the sperm duct abruptly bent in the middle section, with two loops in prolateral view; embolus tapered, tube-shaped.

Female ( SYNU -F-4418 ). Same as male except as noted. Body: habitus as in Fig. 8 A – C ; body length 1.15. Carapace (Fig. 8 E, G ): 0.56 long, 0.45 wide. Abdomen: 0.61 long. Epigaster (Fig. 8 H ): without special external features.

Endogyne (Fig. 9 E, F ): with long medial clavate sclerite ( AUS), provided with pair of short lateral protrusions ( Pr); anterior receptaculum ( ARe) triangular, semitransparent, slightly longer than AUS; posterior plate ( PP) present, large.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality.

Etymology.

The specific name is named after the collector, Caixia Gao.

Figures

Figure 7. Orchestina caixiaae sp. nov., holotype male. A – C. Habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D – G. Prosoma, anterior, dorsal, ventral and lateral views. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A – C); 0.2 mm (D – G).

Figure 8. Orchestina caixiaae sp. nov., paratype female. A – C. Habitus, dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D – G. Prosoma, anterior, dorsal, ventral and lateral views; H. Epigaster, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A – C); 0.2 mm (D – H).

Figure 9. Orchestina caixiaae sp. nov. A, B, D. Left palp, prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views, arrow in A. shows the abruptly bent; C. Endites and labium, ventral view; E, F. Endogyne, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: ARe = anterior receptaculum; AUS = anterior uterine sclerite; PP = posterior plate; Pr = protrusion. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B, D); 0.1 mm (C, E, F).