Ommata (Ommata) quinquemaculata Zajciw, 1966

Clarke Abstract, Robin O. S., 2010, Bolivian Rhinotragini Iii: New Genera And Species (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 50 (16), pp. 239-267 : 249-253

Ommata (Ommata) quinquemaculata Zajciw, 1966

Figs. 5A, 5B

Ommata (Ommata) quinquemaculata Zajciw, 1966:89 , fig. 1; Julio et al., 2000:23 (holotype). Monné, 2005:497 (cat.).

Diagnosis: O. (O.) quinquemaculata is readiy separated from the only other species of the subgenus found in Bolivia, O. (O.) buddemeyerae , by the following: relatively large, robust species; apical segment of maxillary palp large and securiform; pronotum with five large tufts of silver coloured pubescence on pronotum; metatibia entirely clothed with dense yellow pubescence, without brush. O. (O.) buddemeyerae is a relatively small, elegant species; with apical segment of maxillary palp small and cylindrical; pronotum densely clothed with short, white, recumbent pubescence, except on disc; and metatibia sparsely setose for basal half, with chestnut and white brush covering apical half.

Description of male: general colour opaque. Head, pro- and mesothorax shining black. Elytra translucent testaceous, black around and behind scutellum, suture narrowly, epipleur and extreme apex, chestnut. Metathorax and abdomen entirely pale cinnamon. Antennae: scape, pedicel and antennomeres III dull black, IV-VII and XI chestnut, VIII-X white to creamy white with apical angle of IX and apical half of X chestnut. Legs translucent pale cinnamon, except metatibia and metatarsus pale yellow.

General pubescence: erect, rather short hairs on mentum-submentum, sides of pronotum, basal third of elytra, and very sparsely on abdomen; long erect hairs absent. Recumbent, short, dense, silver hair as follows: frons and vertex of head; disc of pronotum with five patches: two rectangular, transverse patches at middle of apical half, two semi-circular patches at middle of basal half (these four patches lying to either side of midline and the pairs separated from each other by transverse glabrous band), and one circular patch at middle of basal constriction; sides of pronotum entirely covered by one patch which connects with apical pair on pronotum; prosternum with broad, transverse, rectangular patch at centre; on meso- and most of metasterna; scutellum completely hidden by very dense hairs; elytral epipleur (from behind humeri) and sutural margin with narrow band of silver pubescence (these bands becoming wider at apex); elytral panels with semi-erect, fine hairs, denser on basal third, sparser towards apices of elytra; sides of abdomen with eliptical patches on urosternites I-IV (otherwise almost glabrous). and V entirely and densely clothed with golden (not silver) hairs. Underside of antennomeres II-VI with somewhat short, thick, blackish setae. Legs: apart from metatibia, conspicuous, or long, pubescence absent; femora (including coxae) clothed with indistinct, whitish, recumbent pubescence; pro- and mesotibiae and tarsi with short, dense, semi-erect yellow pubescence, becoming longer, thicker, and denser on metatibia (mixed with sparse, fine setae, but not forming distinct brush) and metatarsus.

Surface ornamentation: head (upper surface mostly hidden by pubescence): clypeo-frontal divide densely and finely punctured; mentum-submentum smooth and shining, lacking carination, with large, deep, punctures, denser at sides; gula impunctate. Prothorax: apical third of prosternum finely, transversely carinate with scattered punctures, moderately dense, deeper punctures below dense pubescence on middle third; disc of pronotum with irregularly distributed patches and rows of rather small, round punctures covering most of surface (but relatively broad, crossshaped, almost impunctate area, centred on middle); basal constriction and sides of pronotum largely hidden by thick pubescence, but surface probably densely punctate (as shown by area of not so dense pubescence adjacent to disc and at centre of constriction). Meso- and metasterna generally densely micropunctate, larg- er punctures at sides of mesosternum. Elytra smooth and shining (including apices), densely punctured adjacent to scutellum, the punctures deep and irrregular in size (but none large); epipleur with single row of similar punctures from behind humerus to apex of elytra; translucent panels moderately closely punctured, but punctures well spaced towards apex, shallow and inconspicuous. Abdomen dull and microreticulate (appears almost impunctate), with sparse, small punctures, becoming denser towards sides.

Structure: forebody (5.00 mm) 1.33 longer than abdomen (3.75 mm). Head: apical segment of maxillary palp abnormal (large and securiform); rostrum parallel-sided, short (0.30 mm), three times wider than long, about half length of inferior lobes of eyes. Eyes large and convex (and inferior lobes more prominent than interocular); distal margin of inferior lobes on gena; proximal margin slightly oblique; inferior lobes about as long as wide, moderately wide apart; interocular distance 0.23 mm, width of one lobe 0.60 mm; interocular V-shaped, moderately shallow; superior lobes separated by 0.40 mm, about 2.5 width of one lobe. Antennal tubercles prominent, separated by about 1.4 width of scape. Antenna long, passing apex of abdomen at middle of antennomere IX; antennomeres III-VII filiform and cylindrical (not narrower at base, hardly wider at apex), VIII-X uniformly thickened, each with slightly pointed lobe at apex, XI with narrow apical cone; scape densely punctured, subpyriform (0.75 mm), much shorter than antennomere III; III (1.20 mm) distinctly longer than IV (0.80 mm); V (1.10 mm) slightly shorter than III, shorter than VI; VI (1.20 mm) equal to III and IX; VII and VIII equal (1.10 mm) to V and X, but thicker; IX (1.20 mm); X (1.10 mm), XI (1.15 mm). Prothorax: subcylindrical, 1.27 longer (1.9 mm) than wide (1.5 mm), sides doubly sinuate, widest well behind middle (1.25 mm from apical border). Pronotum moderately convex, the surface of disc irregular with slight depressions and indistinct calli as follows: midline slightly raised on apical half, with paired slight depressions to either side, on basal half these paired depressions matched by low calli, disc separated from sides by elongate depression; sides at middle protuberant; apical constriction broad but shallow, basal one broad at side and middle, but narrowed by overhanging callus in-between; apical and basal margins (1.40 mm) equal, the former with slightly raised, smooth border. Prosternum with deep, narrow, transverse depression between apical third and basal two-thirds, leaving surfaces to either side moderately strongly inclined; base of prosternal process arched (leaving apex almost vertical), narrow, apex rather short and bilobate; coxal cavities closed laterally, narrowly open behind. Mesothorax: mesosternal declivity steep but not abrupt; mesosternal process almost completely hidden by pubescence, wide (ca. 0, 3 mm), more than half the width of coxal cavity, the latter narrowly open to mesepimeron. Scutellum completely hidden by pubescence. Elytra narrowed behind humeri, outer margin curved and widening to apical sixth, bluntly acuminate to apex; epipleur almost vertical adjacent to humeri, flatter (with border clearly visible) and broader to apex; behind scutellum moderately strongly convex, with complete humero-apical costa, the latter becoming more prominent and keel-like to extreme apex; the rest of elytral surface moderately concave; elytra just pass apex of abdomen, long (6.10 mm), 3.49 longer than width of humeri (1.75 mm), the latter hiding base of metepisternum, wider than base of pronotum, slightly prominent and square, outer angles rounded; suture straight almost to apex, slightly gaping for apical quarter. Metathorax: metasternum moderately convex, flattish at middle, slightly elevated posteriorly (and more prominent than mesocoxae), sides subparallel, apex oblique to sides, longitudinal suture reaching basal third, where it is shallow, deeper and wide towards apex; metepisternum rather narrow and rectangular, base not widened, apex only modestly acuminate. Abdomen: subparallel, widest at apex of urosternite I, tapering to apex; somewhat short (3.75 mm), convex and rather narrow; urosternites incrementally shorter: I (1.0 mm), IV (0.5 mm), V (0.35 mm), and narrower towards apex; V distinctly narrower than II-IV, apical margin slightly rounded, with shallow V-shaped excavation at middle; abdominal process long (0.55 mm), steeply inclined to abdomen (but far from vertical), narrow and triangular, with raised sides and sharply acuminate apex deeply inserted between metacoxae. Legs: long, front and middle legs moderately slender, hind leg robust; ratio of length from front to hind leg 1.0:1.8:2.8. Front leg (4.05 mm): profemora with fusiform clave and short peduncle (ca. 0.2 length of clave); protibia relatively narrowly, gradually thickened to truncate apex (laterally not toothed, nor excised). Middle leg (7.20 mm): mesofemora with narrow fusiform clave and long (ca. 0.6 length of clave), curved peduncle; mesotibia slightly shorter (2.85 mm) than femur, cylindrical, narrow, hardly thickened until extreme apex (the latter abruptly thicker), and weakly bisinuate. Hind leg (11.45 mm) robust: metafemoral peduncle very long (same length as clave), somewhat flattened, and nearly straight, clave narrow and fusiform (slightly more abrupt than mesofemoral clave), passing apex of abdomen at middle of clave; metatibia slightly longer than metafemora, bisinuate, subcylindrical and almost equally thickened throughout. Tarsi moderately long; protarsus narrow (lobes of tarsomere III narrow and weakly separated); mesotarsus comparatively broad (lobes of tarsomere III broad and round- ed); metatarsus robust, tarsomeres I and II thickened; metarsomere I (0.75 mm) equal in length to II + III, structure of III as protarsus, onychium (0.60 mm).

Female ( Fig. 5B ): weakly dimorphic, and sexual dichromatism restricted to apical segments of antennae ( VIII and IX entirely creamy white, X creamy white with dusky apical third, or only tip of apical lobe dusky). Underside pubescence is not as dense or extensive as in male, and patch on side of pronotum in male divided into two separate ones in female (but difference in puncturation not obvious). Structural differences small (except for those normally affecting the head in most Rhinotragini species), even the abdomen shows little difference from that in male (forebody 1.24 longer than abdomen, and abdominal process slightly wider and less inclined in female), and the legs almost identical (except hind leg 2.9 longer than front leg). Elytra in all three females fail to pass abdomen, and may only reach apex of urosternite IV; and in one female translucent panels uniformly pubescent to apex. Rostrum widest at base, 2.57 wider than long (0.35 mm); eyes slightly smaller and less convex (planar with interocular), proximal margin of inferior lobe more oblique and lobes longer than wide, and wider apart (interocular distance 0.5 mm, equal to width of one lobe); interocular flat (closely micro-punctures mixed with sparse to moderately dense, slightly larger ones). Antenna distinctly more robust (especially apical segments) and shorter (passing apex of abdomen at middle of antennomere X); antennomere XI with short apical cone.

Measurements (mm): 2 males / 3 females: total length 9.40-9.65/8.70-11.70; length of pronotum 1.90/2.10-2.25; width of pronotum 1.50-1.65/1.60-1.90; length of elytra 5.80-6.10/6.30-6.85; width at humeri 1.75-1.80/1.90-2.05.

Material examined (in the RCSZ collection): BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz: Hotel Flora & Fauna, 5 km SSE of Buena Vista , 17°29’96”S/ 63°39’13”W, 440 m, R. Clarke & S. Zamalloa col.: on/flying to flowers of “Sapaimosi”: 1 female, 26. VIII.2008; 1 female 28. VIII.2008 ; on/ flying to flowers of “Sama blanca chica”: 1 female 24. IX. 2009; 1 male 25. IX.2009; 1 male 05.X.2009 .

Discussion: White (1855) described the monotypic genus Ommata for O. elegans , with the following characters: “antennae long, antennomeres III-VI filiform, VIII-XI shortish and thickened to form elongate club; rostrum short, eyes very large and almost contiguous; prothorax longer than wide; elytra shorter than abdomen, slender, narrowed behind and margined [i.e. with humero-apical costa]; legs pedunculate-clavate; hind legs very long; metatibia with apical brush”. Since O. (O.) quinquemaculata does not conform to most of these characters (thicker and distinctly shorter antennae, eyes smaller and rather wide apart; prothorax subcylindrical ( Zajciw (1966) described it as subglobose), elytra longer than abdomen and humero-apical costa strongly elevated; robust hind leg without brushes) suggests that this species (together with others of the subgenus, and, maybe, some at present in the subgenus Ecliptophanes Melzer, 1934 ) might be better placed in a separate genus.

Certainly, addition of further characters (demonstrated by O. (O.) buddemeyerae , and probably O. (O.) elegans , O. (O.) hirtipes and O. (O.) tibialis ) to diagnose White’s genus, would support this suggestion. These additional characters are: apical maxillary palpomere cylindrical and not enlarged (enlarged and securiform in O. (O.) quinquemaculata ); antennal formula different (the alternating longer and shorter segments in O. (O.) quinquemaculata might be unique among the Rhinotragini ); elytra almost glabrous (in O. (O.) quinquemaculata distinctly pubescent); hind legs slender, and more than three times longer than front leg (robust, and less than three times in O. (O.) quinquemaculata ), and entire clave passing apex of abdomen (only middle of clave passes abdomen in O. (O.) quinquemaculata ); shape of abdomen sexually dimorphic (not so in O. (O.) quinquemaculata ); and sexual dichromatism strong (lacking in O. (O.) quinquemaculata ).

Zajciw (1966) described O. (O.) quinquemaculata from two females taken at Chanchamayo, Junin, Peru. According to Wappes et al. (2006) this species has not been recorded for Bolivia, but is recorded by Monné & Hovore (2006) for Rondonia ( Brasil), adjacent to Bolivia’s north-eastern frontier.

Since the male was unknown, and a full description and photographs of both sexes of this species have not been published before, the opportunity to do so is taken now.

Figures

FIGURES 4‑5: 4. Ommata (Ommata) buddemeyerae sp. nov., A.male holotype, B. female paratype.5. Ommata (Ommata) quinquemaculata Zajciw, 1966, A. male, B. female.