Ocyptamus lepidus (Macquart, 1842)

Mengual, Ximo, Miranda, Gil Felipe G. & Thompson, F. Christian, 2018, Unraveling Ocyptamus and the Baccha legacy (Diptera: Syrphidae): redefinition of groups and new species descriptions, Zootaxa 4461 (1), pp. 1-44 : 11

Ocyptamus lepidus species group

Figs 29, 31 , 64–69 , 79 , 108–110 , 112.

Baccha cultrata species group. Hull (1949a).

Baccha lepida species group. Hull (1949a).

Ocyptamus elnora species group, in part. Thompson (1981).

Ocyptamus lepidus species group. Thompson (1981), Miranda et al. (2016).

Diagnosis. Vertex/vertical triangle and ocellar triangle with white/silver microtrichia or entirely shiny. Wing usually wholly light brown/yellow. Vein M1 sometimes straight. Alula usually narrow. Abdominal terga usually with a pair of central pale vittae or inverted ‘U’-shaped markings. Subepandrial sclerite with pair of lobes projecting between surstyli.

Biology. Larvae of O. cubanus ( Hull, 1943b) feed on aphids ( Hemiptera : Aphididae ). Larvae of O. luctuosus ( Bigot, 1884a) live in the water-filled leaves of bromeliads and have been reported with the same feeding habits as Hermesomyia wulpianus (see the biology section of Hermesomyia ). Rotheray et al. (2000) proposed the use of venom by these larvae to subdue their prey.

Comments. Constituted mainly of brown flies with infuscated wings that might be confused with Hybobathus , but lacking the vertex, scutum and wing characteristics of the latter. This is one of the largest groups from the old concept of ‘ Ocyptamus ’, and worthy of sub-divisions of its own. It is also one of the largest groups proposed by Hull (1949a) but poorly distinguished then. Thompson (1981) diagnosed the group and distinguished it from the O. lineatus group (= Hybobathus ). Miranda et al. (2016) recovered representatives of this group in a single clade. Despite the high morphological diversity, they share a unique condition on the male genitalia: a bilobated extension of the subepandrial sclerite that is located between the surstyli.

Species list (71): O. abata ( Curran, 1938) , O. aeneus ( Williston, 1891) , O. aeolus ( Hull, 1943b) , O. anona ( Hull, 1943g) , O. arabella ( Hull, 1947a) , O. aurora ( Hull, 1943d) , O. banksi ( Hull, 1941b) , O. cecrops ( Hull, 1958) , O. chapadensis ( Curran, 1930a) , O. confusus ( Goot, 1964) , O. crocatus ( Austen, 1893) , O. croceus ( Austen, 1893) , O. cubana ( Hull, 1943b) , O. cultratus ( Austen, 1893) , O. cymbellina ( Hull, 1944b) , O. debasa ( Curran, 1941) , O. delicatissimus ( Hull, 1943c) , O. dryope ( Hull, 1958) , O. fervidus ( Austen, 1893) , O. filii ( Doesburg, 1966) , O. flavens ( Austen, 1893) , O. geijskesi ( Doesburg, 1966) , O. gilvus ( Austen, 1893) , O. halcyone ( Hull, 1949d) , O. hippolite ( Hull, 1957) , O. hyalipennis ( Curran, 1930c) , O. inornatus ( Walker, 1836) , O. io ( Hull, 1944b), O. iona ( Curran, 1941) , O. isthmus (Thompson in Thompson et al., 1976) , O. lepidus ( Macquart, 1842) , O. lucretia ( Hull, 1949e) , O. luctuosus ( Bigot, 1884a) , O. micropyga ( Curran, 1941) , O. minimus ( Hull, 1943c) , O. murinus ( Curran, 1930a) , O. myiophagus Thompson sp. nov., O. nasutus ( Williston, 1891) , O. neoparvicornis ( Telford, 1973) , O. neptunus ( Hull, 1943e) , O. neuralis ( Curran, 1934) , O. niobe ( Hull, 1943d) , O. nora ( Curran, 1941) , O. obliquus ( Curran, 1941) , O. oblongus ( Walker, 1852) , O. octomaculatus (Thompson in Thompson et al., 1976) , O. oriel ( Hull, 1942a) , O. peri ( Hull, 1943b) , O. phillipianus ( Enderlein, 1938) , O. pola ( Curran, 1939) , O. prenes ( Curran, 1930a) , O. prudens ( Curran, 1934) , O. pullus ( Sack, 1921) , O. punctifrons ( Williston, 1891) , O. pyxia ( Hull, 1943b) , O. saffrona ( Hull, 1943d) , O. spatulatus ( Giglio-Tos, 1892) , O. subchalybeus ( Walker, 1857) , O. vanessa ( Hull, 1949a) , O. verona ( Curran, 1941) , O. victoria ( Hull, 1941c) , O. vierecki ( Curran, 1930a) , O. virgilio ( Hull, 1942c) , O. wilhelmina ( Doesburg, 1962) , O. xanthopterus ( Wiedemann, 1830) , O. xantippe ( Hull, 1949a) , O. zenillia ( Curran, 1941) , O. zilla ( Hull, 1943c) , O. zita ( Curran, 1941) , O. zobeide ( Hull, 1943g) , O. zoroaster ( Hull, 1943b) .

Figures

FIGURES 20–31. 20: Toxomerus dispar (Fabricius) [female, INPA-DIP0000142], head, lateral view. 21: Toxomerus basalis (Walker) [male, ZFMK-DIP-00012165], head, frontal view. 22: Toxomerus paragrammus (Schiner) [male syntype, NHMW], head, lateral view. 23: Toxomerus marginatus (Say) [male, USNM], habitus, dorsal view. 24: Toxomerus pallipes (Bigot) [male, ZFMK], habitus, dorsal view. 25: Toxomerus dispar, epandrium and associated structures, dorsal view (from Thompson 1981). 26: Toxomerus floralis (Fabricius), epandrium and associated structures, dorsal view (from Thompson 1981). 27: Syrphus conjunctus Wiedemann [male, CNC_Diptera209347], head, lateral view. 28: Ocyptamus maximus Thompson sp. nov. [male paratype, INB003306083], head, dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm. 29: Ocyptamus sp., O. lepidus species group, female, habitus, dorsal view, by Gil F. G. Miranda. 30: Ocyptamus sp., O. callidus species group [female, INPA-DIP0000171], habitus, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. 31: Ocyptamus aff. micropyga, O. lepidus species group [male, INPA-DIP0000267], epandrium and associated structures, ventral view.

FIGURES 62–70. 62: Calostigma elnora Shannon [female, USNM], habitus, lateral view. 63: Calostigma elnora [female, INPA-DIP0000173], thorax and abdomen, dorsal view. 64: Ocyptamus zita (Curran) [female, ZFMK-DIP-00027133], head and thorax, dorsal view. 65: Ocyptamus neuralis (Curran) [female, CNC_Diptera209401], wing. 66: Ocyptamus sp., O. lepidus species group [female, INPA-DIP0000256], habitus, dorsal view. Scale = 3 mm. 67: Ocyptamus prenes (Curran) [female, INPA-DIP0000246], habitus without wings, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. 68: Ocyptamus obliquus (Curran) [female, INPA- DIP0000248], abdomen, dorsal view. 69: Ocyptamus zita [female, ZFMK-DIP-00027133], abdomen, dorsal view. 70: Ocyptamus sp., O. stenogaster species group [female, INPA-DIP001362], habitus, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm.

FIGURES 78–84. 78: Hybobathus norina (Curran) [female, CNC, JSS25237], head, dorsal view. 79: Ocyptamus sp., O. lepidus species group [male, INPA-DIP0000247], head, dorsal view. 80: Pelecinobaccha alia Miranda [female paratype, USNMENT 00036075], head dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm. 81: Hybobathus norina [female, CNC, JSS25237], thorax, dorsal view. 82: Hybobathus arx (Fluke), female, habitus, dorsal view, photo previously published in Miranda (2017). 83: Hermesomyia wulpiana (Lynch Arribálzaga) [male, USNM], habitus, dorsal view. 84: Ocyptamus titania (Hull) [female, CNC], abdomen, dorsal view.

FIGURES 106–111. 106: Pelecinobaccha alicia [female, CNC], occiput, detail, photo previously published in Miranda et al. (2014): ar: anterior row of occipital pile; pr: posterior row of occipital pile. 107: Relictanum johnsoni (Curran) [female, CNC], occiput, detail, photo previously published in Miranda et al. (2014): sr: single row of occipital pile. 108: Ocyptamus myiophagus Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 01288295], habitus, dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm. 109: Ocyptamus myiophagus Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 01288295], head, frontal view. Scale = 1 mm. 110: Ocyptamus myiophagus Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 01288295], habitus, lateral view. Scale = 1 mm. 111: Syrphus sargoides [male, GFGM-MNRJ0002], hypandrium, lateral view.