Neocephalosphaera muisca, Ramos-Pastrana & Marques & Rafael, 2022

Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany, Marques, Dayse W. A. & Rafael, José Albertino, 2022, Cephalosphaera Enderlein and Neocephalosphaera De Meyer (Diptera: Pipunculidae) of Colombia, with description of nine new species and an updated key to their Neotropical species, Zootaxa 5178 (4), pp. 301-333 : 313-314

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.4.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6E706C39-8F42-4050-8792-0423F4267D2B
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7037019
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/41113E13-FF8E-FFD0-FF12-90EA4DBBB5D4
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Neocephalosphaera muisca
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Neocephalosphaera muisca View in CoL sp. nov.

Figs 59–71 View FIGURES 59–71 , 130 View FIGURE 130

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂: COLOMBIA, Boyacá, SFF[Santuario de Fauna y Flora] Iguaque , 525’12’’N / 7327’24’’W, 2855 m [eters], 01–19.iv.2000, Malaise 4, P. Reina, (1♂, IAvH) (photographed specimen) . Holotype with both wings mounted on microslide with Canada balsam. Left antenna and terminalia were placed in a microvial with glycerin, both pinned along the specimen.

Diagnosis. Fore and hind trochanters yellow; mid trochanter brown; femora light brown, gray pruinose, with brown spot dorsally; tibiae yellow. Abdomen brown, mostly brown pruinose dorsally and laterally, with conspicuous scattered setae. Surstyli subsymmetrical, both surstyli with carinas on inner edges. Apex of phallic guide stout, long, with rigid, distinct submedian lobe dorsally, slightly upward directed, with a row of fine setae ventrally. Phallus trifid, with ejaculatory ducts spiralized.

Description. MALE (holotype). Body length 4.5 mm. Head ( Figs 59–60 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Eyes contiguous for 16 facets. F, EM, V (mm) = 0.3, 0.4, 0.3. Frons gray pruinose. Postcranium brown posteriorly, brown pruinose laterally and ventrally, yellow pruinose dorsally. Antenna ( Fig. 61 View FIGURES 59–71 ). with scape and pedicel dark brown, pedicel with 3 setae dorsally and 3 long setae ventrally; postpedicel brown, with acuminate apex. LPP/WPP = 3.1. Thorax ( Figs 59–60, 62 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Postpronotal lobe brown. Scutum brown, sparsely brown pruinose. Notopleuron concolorous with scutum brown pruinose. Scutellum dark brown, brown pruinose, with eight conspicuous setae along posterior margin. Mesopleuron and mediotergite brown, gray pruinose. Wing ( Fig. 63 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Length 5.8 mm. LW/MWW = 3.5; LTC/LFC = 1.1. Membrane light brown infuscated; third section costal shorter than the length of fourth; vein r-m located after the basal third of the upper section of the cell dm; vein M 2 short; dm-m/M 2 = 3.7; section between cell dm and vein M 2 greater than vein dm-m; vein dm-m slightly straight. Halter brown, stem brown, base brown, and knob brown. Legs ( Figs 59–60 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Coxae brown, gray pruinose; fore and hind trochanters yellow; mid trochanter brown; femora light brown with brown spot dorsally, gray pruinose posteriorly, with rows of ventral spines and a row of long and fine yellow setae posterolaterally; tibiae yellow; tarsomeres 1–4 yellow, 5 brown; pulvilli yellow. Abdomen ( Figs 59–60, 64 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Ground color dark, mostly brown pruinose, with conspicuous scattered setae; tergite 1 with five stout black setae laterally; tergites 1–5 with dark brown band dorsally on anterior margin; sparsely gray pruinose posterolaterally; tergites and sternites 6 and 7 as in Fig. 65 View FIGURES 59–71 . Syntergosternite 8 brown, brown pruinose, larger than tergite 5, with crestlike membranous area large, dividing the syntergosternite 8 and reaching epandrium ( Figs 64, 66 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Terminalia ( Figs 65–71 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Epandrium and surstyli dark brown ( Figs 66–67 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Surstyli ( Figs 66–69 View FIGURES 59–71 ) subsymmetrical, shorter than the length of epandrium, completely setose; both surstyli with carinas on inner edges and tips acuminate, downward directed when seen in lateral view ( Figs 68–69 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Apex of phallic guide stout, long, with rigid, distinct submedian lobe dorsally, slightly upward directed, with a row of fine setae ventrally ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Ejaculatory apodeme funnel-shaped, somewhat inclined to one side ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 59–71 ). Phallus trifid, with ejaculatory ducts spiralized, only in distal 3/4 ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 59–71 ).

FEMALE. Unknown.

Geographical distribution. Colombia (Boyacá) ( Fig. 130 View FIGURE 130 ).

Etymology. The specific epithet name is in apposition and refers to the name of the indigenous people ‘Muisca’ that inhabit the type locality.

Habitat. The specimens were collected with Malaise trap at ground level. The vegetation of the collection site is composed of cloud Andean forests of the Oriental Cordillera of the Northeast region of Colombia.

Taxonomic notes. Neocephalosphaera muisca sp. nov. runs to N. santiagonensis Rafael, 1992 in the couplet 11 of the key presented by Souza & Ale-Rocha (2009). It differs from N. santiagonensis by having the scutum brown, scutellum dark brown ( Figs 60, 62 View FIGURES 59–71 ) (versus scutum and scutellum black in N. santiagonensis ); all coxae brown ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 59–71 ) (versus all coxae black); fore and hind trochanters yellow, mid trochanter brown ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 59–71 ) (versus all trochanter brown); all femora light brown with brown spot dorsally ( Figs 59–60 View FIGURES 59–71 ) (versus all femora black); all tibiae yellow ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 59–71 ) (versus fore and middle tibiae predominantly yellow, hind tibia distinctly black medially, with apex and base yellow); both surstyli with carinas on inner edges and tips acuminate ( Fig. 67 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus both surstyli without carinas on inner edges and tips inward directed, figure 2.P, presented by Souza & Ale-Rocha (2009)]; apex of phallic guide long, with rigid, distinct submedian lobe dorsally, slightly upward directed, with a row of fine setae ventrally ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus apex of phallic guide short, with slightly straight margins ventrally and dorsally, figure 3.P, presented by Souza &Ale-Rocha (2009)]; phallus with ejaculatory ducts spiralized, only in distal 3/4 ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus phallus with ejaculatory ducts spiralized, only in distal 1/4, figure 3.P, presented by Souza & Ale-Rocha (2009)]. Based on the male specimen and due to the shape of the surstyli and phallus (except in N. carinae sp. nov.), N. muisca sp. nov. is similar in appearance to N. jamaicensis Johnson, 1919 [see figures 2.I, 3.I, presented by Souza & Ale-Rocha (2009)], N. carinae sp. nov. ( Figs 22–24 View FIGURES 14–26 ), N. iguaquensis sp. nov. ( Figs 50–54 View FIGURES 43–55 ), and N. spiralis sp. nov. ( Figs 105–109 View FIGURES 98–110 ). It differs from N. jamaicensis by having the apex of phallic guide with rigid, distinct submedian lobe dorsally, slightly upward directed ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus apex of phallic guide with straight margins dorsally and ventrally and straight tip in N. jamaicensis , figure 3.I, presented by Souza & Ale-Rocha (2009)]. It differs from N. carinae sp. nov. by having the phallus trifid, with ejaculatory ducts spiralized, only in distal 3/4 ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus phallus with ejaculatory ducts completely spiralized in N. carinae sp. nov. ( Fig. 25 View FIGURES 14–26 )]. It differs from N. iguaquensis sp. nov. by having the apex of phallic guide with rigid, distinct submedian lobe dorsally, slightly upward directed ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus apex of phallic guide with distinct submedian truncated lobe ventrally, slightly straight dorsally, tip slightly downward directed with a small translucent lobe dorsally in N. iguaquensis sp. nov. ( Fig. 54 View FIGURES 43–55 )]; ejaculatory apodeme funnel-shaped ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus ejaculatory apodeme somewhat nail-shaped ( Fig. 55 View FIGURES 43–55 )]. It differs from N. spiralis sp. nov. by having the section between cell dm and vein M 2 greater than vein dm-m ( Fig. 63 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus section between cell dm and vein M 2 equal than vein dm-m in N. spiralis sp. nov. ( Fig. 102 View FIGURES 98–110 )]; apex of phallic guide with rigid, distinct submedian lobe dorsally, slightly upward directed ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus apex of phallic guide with distinct submedian acute lobe ventrally, which is downward directed and tip downward directed ( Fig. 109 View FIGURES 98–110 )]; ejaculatory apodeme funnel-shaped thickened ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 59–71 ) [versus ejaculatory apodeme somewhat funnel-shaped narrowed ( Fig. 110 View FIGURES 98–110 )].