Grabinopsis guerichi, Krawczyński, 2002

Krawczyński, Wojciech, 2002, Frasnian gastropod synecology and bio-events in the Dyminy reef complex of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (2), pp. 267-288 : 271-273

Naticopsis (Naticopsis) inflata ( Roemer, 1843) ( Figs. 4O ,

7D, E , 8O ).—The most common specimens in Frasnian deposits exhibit naticiform shells with a large morphological variation within the species. N. inflata has been recognized from early to late Frasnian in the upper Sitkówka Beds (Kowala, set A 2; Grabina, set B; Szczukowskie Górki), in the KadzielniaMember(Kadzielnia,setA;Jaźwica,setJ),andin the Detrital Beds (Grabina, set C; Sitkówka−Jaźwica, set B).

Naticopsis (Naticopsis) protogaea ( Goldfuss, 1844) ( Figs. 4P , 8P ).—Two fragments of shell with poorly preserved external surface have been found in the upper Sitkówka Beds (Kowala, set A 2) and in the Detrital Beds (Grabina, set C).

Naticopsis (Naticopsis) excentrica ( Roemer, 1843) ( Fig. 4N ).—Twenty shells of N. excentrica with typical ornamentation, consisting of zigzag costa on the older whorls and moderately collabral cords on later whorls, have been identified from the late Frasnian of Grabina (set C).

Omphalotrochoideans

Orecopia kadzielniae ( Gürich,1896) comb.nov. ( Fig.9A–I ). —See description on p. 279.

Loxonematoideans

Loxonema sp. —Two poorly preserved turriculate shells were found in the upper Sitkówka Beds and the Detrital Beds of Grabina (middle and late Frasnian; set B and C).

Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) cf. retrostriata ( Kirchner, 1915) ( Figs.5M , 7H ).—Speciesofrecentlyerectedsubgenus Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) Frýda, 2000 . Near 20 fragments of small turriculate shells with minute collabral cords on the whorls (see also Frýda 2000) were recognized in the upperSitkówkaBeds(Kowala,setA 2;Grabina,setB;Szczukowskie Górki) and also in the Kadzielnia Member (Jaźwica, set J).

Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) sp. A ( Figs. 4K , 5I ).— Four specimens without protoconchs and some fragments of spire with collabral cords were collected from the Kadzielnia Member (Jaźwica, set J) and also from the upper Sitkówka Beds and the Detrital Beds of Grabina (set B and C) .

Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) sp. B ( Fig. 4J ).—This species consists of eight shell fragments lacking protoconchs with a more slightly rounded whorl profile and more densely spaced collabral ribs than Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) sp. A. This taxon was found in the middle to upper Frasnian in thetheupperSitkówkaBedsandtheDetritalBedsofGrabina (set B and C).

Subulitoideans

Macrochilina ventricosa ( Goldfuss,1844) .—Two complete subulate shells without ornamentation and five fragments of spire were identified from the middle to late Frasnian in the upper Sitkówka Beds of Szczukowskie Górki and the Detrital Beds of Grabina (set C).

Westerna subcostata ( Schlotheim, 1820) comb. nov. ( Figs. 4C , 8L–M ; see also Figs. 14A , 15B, C ).— The largest gastropod of the Polish Devonian , whose turriculate shells can reach even 20 cm in height, was collected from the lower to upper Frasnian in the upper Sitkówka Beds (Kowala, set A 2; Sitkówka−Kowala, set B), the Kadzielnia Member (Kadzielnia, set A), and the Detrital Beds of Panek (set B 2). The material includes 68 specimens .

Earlier this species was assigned to Macrocheilus Phillips, 1841 or Macrochilina Bayle, 1880 . However, the high turriculate shell with a rounded base, as well as the initial prosoclinal shape of the labrum (and growth lines) that subsequently becomes orthoclinal, and the weakly developed siphonal notch due to the absence of the columellar fold are typical features for the Frasnian genus Westerna .

Spanionema scalaroides ( Whidborne, 1889) ( Fig. 7G ).— One well preserved shell and a fragment of a spire with the typical varices have been found in the Kadzielnia limestone at Kadzielnia (set A) and in the upper Sitkówka Beds of Szczukowskie Górki.

gen. et sp. ex fam. Subulitidae indet. ( Fig. 5J ).—Poorly preserved unidentified subulitids were found from early to late Frasnian in the upper Sitkówka Beds (Kowala, set A 2; Grabina, set B) and the Detrital Beds (Kowala, set E; Grabina, set C).

Figures

Fig. 4. Late Frasnian gastropod associations: Straparollus (Straparollus) circularis of the Actinostroma Assemblage and Naticopsis (Naticopsis) excentrica of the Frechastrea pentagona Assemblage (the Detrital Beds). A, B. Straparollus (Straparollus) circularis (Phillips, 1841), both natural size. A. Axial section with visible septation of spire, GIUS 4−1463/Pan−80. B. Apical view of poorly preserved shell with septation of spire, GIUS 4−1440/Pan−57. C. Westerna subcostata (Schlotheim, 1820) comb. nov., apertural view of poorly preserved shell, GIUS 4−854/Pan−1, natural size. D. Murchisonia sp., axial section, GIUS 4−1444/Pan−61, × 2. E. Straparollus (Straparollus) serpens (Phillips, 1841), lateral view of shell, GIUS 4−877/Gr−9/2, × 3. F. Murchisonia (Murchisonia) nerinea (Sandberger and Sandberger, 1850–1856), fragment of spire, GIUS 4−999/Gr−131/4, × 4. G. Villmaria ventricosa Heidelberger, 2001, lateral view of shell(GIUS4−1010/Gr−142/1),×4.5. H, I. Roemeriella octocincta (Roemer,1843),lateralviewsofspires,SzczukowskieGórkiquarry. H.Coeloconoidalshell with change of ornamentation, GIUS 4−1203/SzG−8, × 2. I. Juvenile spire, GIUS 4−1204/SzG−10, × 4. J. Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) sp. B, lateral view of shell, GIUS 4−906/Gr−38, × 4. K. Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) sp. A, base of shell with ornamentation, GIUS 4−1005/Gr−137/1, × 7. L. Porcellia bifida (Sandberger and Sandberger, 1850–1856), lateral view of spire, GIUS 4−877/Gr−9/10, × 3. M. Lahnospira taeniata (Goldfuss, 1844), lateral view of juvenile shell, GIUS 4−1004/Gr−136/5, × 8. N. Naticopsis (Naticopsis) excentrica (Roemer, 1843), apertural view of shell with well preserved ornamentation, GIUS 4−902/Gr−34, × 3. O. Naticopsis (Naticopsis) inflata (Roemer, 1843), lateral view of spire, GIUS 4−876/Gr−8/1, × 3.5. P. Naticopsis (Naticopsis) protogaea (Goldfuss, 1844), apical view of poorly preserved shell, GIUS 4−900/Gr−32, × 3. A–D. Panek, set B2. E–G, J–P. Grabina, set C.

Fig. 7. Euryzone kielcensis association of the Kadzielnia−type Assemblage from the Kadzielnia Member (middle Frasnian). A–C. Porcellia bifida (Sandberger and Sandberger, 1850–1856), Jaźwica, set J, × 4. A. Lateral view of shell, GIUS 4−1139/Jaź−34.B, C. Apertural and lateral view of shell, GIUS 4−1140/Jaź−35. D, E. Naticopsis (Naticopsis) inflata (Roemer, 1843), Kadzielnia, set A. D. Lateral view of shell with well preserved growth lines, ZPAL Ga−VI/30, × 2. E. Apertural view of shell with well preserved inductura, ZPAL Ga−VI/41, natural size. F. Roemeriella octocincta (Roemer, 1843), lateral view of shell, Jaźwica, set J, GIUS 4−1129/Jaź−24, × 3. G. Spanionema scalaroides (Whidborne, 1889), lateral view of shell with well preserved ornamentation, Kadzielnia, set A, GIUS 4−1193/Kad−1, × 2. H. Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) cf. retrostriata (Kirchner, 1915), lateral view of spire with poorly preserved ornamentation, Jaźwica, set J, GIUS 4−1159/Jaź−54/1, × 4.5. I–L. Euryzone kielcensis (Gürich, 1896) comb. nov. I–K. Lateral views of shell with fragmentary preserved ornamentation, Kadzielnia, set A, GIUS 4−1478/Kad−3, neotype, natural size. L. Lateral view of juvenile shell, Jaźwica, set J, GIUS 4−1134/Jaź−29, × 5.

Fig. 8. Kowalatrochus sanctacrucensis association from the early and middle Frasnian of the upper Sitkówka Beds. A–J. Kowalatrochus sanctacrucensis gen. et sp. nov. A. Apertural view of shell, holotype GIUS 4−1569/Ko−81, × 2. B, C, E–G, I. Apertural and lateral views of shell with well preserved ornamentation. B, C. ZPAL Ga−VI/59. E. GIUS 4−1217/Ko−4. F. GIUS 4−1223/Ko−10. G. GIUS 4−1219/Ko−6. I. ZPAL Ga−VI/58. B, C, E–G. Natural size. I. × 1.5. D, J. Shells with poorly preserved last whorl, Jaźwica, set I, natural size. D. GIUS 4−1127/Jaź−22. J. GIUS 4−1120/Jaź−15. H. Shell with poorly preserved ornamentation, Grabina, set A, GIUS 4−1019/Gr−151, × 1.7. K. Kowalatrochus cf. sanctacrucensis gen. et sp. nov., lateral views, Sitkówka−Kowala, set B, GIUS 4−1214/SKo−10, × 2. L, M. Westerna subcostata (Schlotheim, 1820) comb. nov., Sitkówka−Kowala, set B, GIUS 4−851/SKo−6, natural size. L. Apertural view with well preserved ornamentation. M. Lateral view with shown palatal folds on internal mould. N. Coelozone sp., lateral view with wide selenizone, GIUS 4−1237/Ko−24, × 5. O. Naticopsis (Naticopsis) inflata (Roemer, 1843), apertural view of juvenile shell, GIUS 4−1238/Ko−25, × 6. P. Naticopsis (Naticopsis) protogaea (Goldfuss, 1844), lateral view of poorly preserved shell, GIUS 4−1353/Ko−75, × 2. A–C, E–G, I, N–P. Kowala, set A2.

Fig.9. Orecopia kadzielniae (Gürich,1896)comb.nov.in Kowalatrochus sanctacrucensis associationfromlowerandupperSitkówkaBeds(earlyandmiddle Frasnian). A, B. Apertural and apical view of internal mould with fragmentary preserved shell from the original Gürich’s collection, Kadzielnia, set A, holotype MGUWr.1939.s. C. Axial section with visible funicles on umbilical wall, GIUS 4−1284/Gr−181. D, E. Apertural and basal view of shell with well preserved basal ornamentation, GIUS 4−1232/Ko−19. F, G. Apertural and apical view of shell with well preserved growth lines, GIUS 4−1041/Gr−173. H. Axial section with poorly preserved shell, GIUS 4−1045/Gr−177/1. I. Apertural view with fragmentary preserved shell, GIUS 4−1191/Gr−179. A–C, F–I. Grabina, set A; natural size. D, E. Kowala, set A2, × 2.

Fig. 5. Grabinopsis guerichi association of the Stachyodes Assemblage from the upper Sitkówka Beds, Grabina, set B, middle Frasnian. A–F. Grabinopsis guerichi gen. et sp. nov. A, B. Apertural views of shells with well visible columellar fold. A. Holotype, GIUS 4−981/Gr−113, × 8. B. GIUS 4−974/Gr−106/1, × 6. C. Apertural view of shell with narrow umbilicus, GIUS 4−984/Gr−112/2, × 7. D. Lateral view of shell. E, F. Lateral and apical views of shell, GIUS 4−978/Gr−110/1, × 8. G, H. Liospira sp., apertural and apical views of shell, GIUS 4−953/Gr−85, × 3. I. Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) sp. A, lateral view of spire, GIUS 4−979/Gr−111/4, × 10. J. Gen. et sp. ex fam. Subulitidae indet., lateral view of shell, GIUS 4−969/Gr−101/2, × 6. K. Murchisonia (Murchisonia) nerinea (Sandberger and Sandberger, 1850–1856), latral view of spire fragment, GIUS 4−969/Gr−101/8, × 5. L. Roemeriella cyclostomoides (Roemer, 1854), lateral view of spire, GIUS 4−982/Gr−114, × 3. M. Palaeozygopleura (Rhenozyga) cf. retrostriata (Kirchner, 1915), lateral view of spire, GIUS 4−974/Gr−106/4, × 6.

Fig. 14. Reef limestones containing gastropod fauna from early and middle Frasnian of Kowala. A. Stromatoporoid−coral packestone−floatstone with massive stromatoporoids (ms), branched rugosans (br), and large thick−shell gastropods Westerna subcostata (Schlotheim, 1820) comb. nov. (W), set A2, GIUS 4−1349/Ko−71. B. Nest concentrations of Kowalatrochus sanctacrucensis gen. et sp. nov. shells in wackstone−packestone, west wall of the quarry, set A2. C. Alveolites (Al) bindstone with brachiopods (b), crinoids (cr), and gastropods (g), set C, GIUS 4−1509/Ko−80. Scale bars 1cm.

Fig. 15. Late Frasnian limestones of the Detrital−Stromatoporoid Beds at Panek. A. Lagoonal wackestone with amphiporoids (a) and Loxoplocus (Donaldiella) karczewskii sp. nov. (L) with septation of spire, set B3, GIUS 4−1515/Pan−85. B. Reefal packstone−rudstone with the bivalve Megalodon sp. (M) and the gastropod Westerna subcostata (Schlotheim, 1820) comb. nov. (W), set B2. C. Oncoidal packstone with the thick−shell gastropod Westerna subcostata (Schlotheim, 1820) comb. nov., as oncoid nodule, and other unidentified gastropods (g), set B2, GIUS 4−1514/Pan−84. Scale bars 1 cm.