Myrovernix scaber, Koekemoer, Marinda, 2019

Koekemoer, Marinda, 2019, Taxonomy and reclassification of South African Asteraceae genus Elytropappus (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae), the description of two new genera and two new species, Phytotaxa 403 (4), pp. 248-284 : 280

Myrovernix scaber (L.f.) Koekemoer comb. nov.

Basionym:— Stoebe scabra Linnaeus p.p. (1781: 391); Homotypic synonyms:—= Elytropappus scaber (L.f.) Druce (1917: 621) as

‘ scabrus ’. Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Thunberg s.n. sub. THUNB-UPS 20984 (UPS!, lectotype, designated here). Heterotypic synonyms:— Elytropappus glandulosus var. microphyllus Candolle (1838: 256) . Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape.

On the rocky hills of the Steenberg, near Muizenberg, May 1835, Ecklon 52. (G-DC!, lectotype, designated here). = Elytropappus muricella Steud. ex Schultz Bipontinus (1861: 183) . Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Ecklon 608 (P!, lectotype, designated here).

Taxonomic note: —The species differs from M. longifolius in that it is a much smaller plant and far less robust than M. longifolius . The latter also has a very thick, spike-like inflorescence and 3-flowered capitula; M. gnaphaloides is more robust and less glandular; M. glandulosus has sessile capitula clusters and a spike-like inflorescence; M. intricata has sessile and stalked glands and 1-flowered capitula.

Plants very variable in size, overall dimensions and in degree of glandular covering, as well as the shape of inflorescences; typically a smallish plant, up to 0.4 m tall, with a yellowish appearance, stems erect or much branched and entangled; larger plants often scrambling, up to 1.8 m tall. Distinctly aromatic, citrus-resinous. Branches densely glandular, glands stalked, stalks either short or stout or narrow and slender. Leaves short and adpressed, typically up to 5 mm long; often up to 10(–15) mm long and spreading to a variable degree, but rarely more than 90 degrees; densely glandular; glands stalked, with a distinct head. Synflorescence a terminal, open panicle, 15–100 mm long and up to 45 mm wide at the base, constituted of clusters of 2–5 capitula on long or short stalks (occasionally sessile in short panicles or towards the tip of panicles); basal panicle branches up to 15 mm long, usually bare but occasionally leafy. Capitula homogamous, discoid; florets 2. Receptacle small, conical. Involucral bracts 10–14, outermost foliaceous, glandular, innermost mucronate, up to 4.5 mm long, mucro up to 0.5 mm long. Disc florets dark plum-red in upper half, cream-coloured in lower half, tube up to 2.5 mm long, lobes glandular on outside. Pappus setae fused for a short distance at the base. Flowering mainly in February to April, occasionally in January and May.

Diagnostic features: —Stems and leaves are densely glandular; all glands stalked, never sessile; innermost involucral bracts are mucronate; capitula are generally 2-flowered.

Conservation status:—Least Concern (http://Redlist.sanbi.org).

Distribution and habitat: —Restricted to the Western Cape on mountain slopes, plateaus and valleys, elevations from sea level to 1500 m. Figure 15 .

Specimens examined:— SOUTH AFRICA, Western Cape. Tulbagh Dist., Sneeugat, 16 April 1960, Esterhuysen 28460 (PRE); Nieuwoudtville Plate, 4 April 1974, Goldblatt 1327 (PRE); Between Claremont and Wynberg, 8 May 1846, Prior (K); CBS, Thunberg (S); CBS, 1849, Wallich (S); Flora Capensis, Zeyher s.n. (K); Kamiesberg, Rooiberg (3018AC), 5 September 2004, Helme 3545 (NBG); Nieuwoudtville (3119AC), 19 March 1948, Acocks 14165 (PRE); Gideonskop (3119CB), 22 April 1957, Stokoe PRE 42412 (PRE); Clanwilliam, Warm Baths (3218BD), June 1915, Bolus US 17936 (NBG); Ceres, Schurfteberg Pass (3218BD), 23 March 1951, Maguire 866 (NBG); Piquetberg, Zebrakop (3218DB), May 1948, Stokoe SAM63094 (NBG); Piketberg Div., Zebrakop (3218DB), May 1948, Stokoe SAM63095 (SAM); Cederberg, Uitkyk Pass (3219AA), 7 July 1935, Compton 5339 (NBG); Clanwilliam, Middelberg (3219AA), 11 February 1936, Compton 6163 (NBG); Cederberg, Uitkyk Pass, Algeria Forest Station (3219AA), 22 March 1996, Koekemoer 1233 (PRE); Cederberg, Uitkyk Pass, Algeria (3219AA), 22 March 1996, Koekemoer 1234 a & b (PRE); Wupperthal, Pakhuisvlakte, N Cederberg, near TR012 (3219AA), 9 May 1989, Taylor 12056 (NBG, PRE); Wupperthal, Pakhuis-Heuningvlei track, N Cederberg (3219AA), 10 May 1989, Taylor 12066 (NBG); Wupperthal, Groot Rondevlak at Fortyn se Kloof (3219AA), 10 May 1989, Taylor 12068 (NBG); Wupperthal, Pakhuis-Heuningvlei jeep track (3219AA), 10 May 1989, Taylor 12070 (NBG); Wupperthal, Uitkyk Pass near Algeria forest station (3219AA), 14 March 1966, Van Breda & Admiraal 2118 (PRE); Cederberg, Welbedacht (3219AC), 15 February 2004, Bergh 1181 (NBG); Cederberg, Algeria, Welbedacht Gorge (3219AC), 15 February 2004, Bergh 1184 (NBG); Algeria, path up to Helshoogte (3219AC), 26 February 2000, Bergh 147 & 155 (NBG); Algeria, path up Helshoogte to Widdingtonias (3219AC), 26 February 2000, Bergh 160 (NBG); Cederberg, Cederberg Pass, on way to Kromrivier (3219AC), February 2000, Bergh 164 (NBG); Cederberg, old Uitkyk Pass (3219AC), 28 August 1978, Campbell 11023 (NBG); Clanwilliam, Cederberg, Crystal Pool (3219AC), 11 February 1936, Compton 6164 (NBG); Clanwilliam, Cederberg, Middelberg Plateau (3219AC), 2 August 1937, Esterhuysen s.n. (NBG); Clanwilliam, Algeria Forest Reserve (3219AC), 7 March 1991, Koekemoer 590 (PRE); Clanwilliam, Cederberg, near turn-off to Driehoek on rd. from Algeria to Cederberg (3219AC), 8 March 1991, Koekemoer 601 (PRE); Algeria Forest Station (3219AC), March 1940, Stokoe SAM58120 (SAM); Welbedacht-Waterkloof, Cedar Reserve, Cedarberg (3219AC), 22 April 1987, Taylor 11746 (NBG, PRE); Clanwilliam, Apollo Peak, S Cederberg (3219CA), 31 March 1956, Esterhuysen 25516 (BOL, PRE); Ceres-Clanwilliam Dist., Apex Peak, S Cederberg (3219CA), 1 April 1961, Esterhuysen 28955 (BOL, K); Citrusdal, Kleinplaas (3219CA), 6 April 1998, Hanekom 3017 (PRE); Wuppertal, Citrusdal, Kleinplaas (3219CA), 6 April 1998, Hanekom 3017 (NBG); Elandskloof (3219CA), 20 April 1935, Levyns 4897 & 4904 (BOL); Elandskloof (3219CA), 21 April 1935, Levyns 4923 (BOL); Clanwilliam, S Cederberg (3219CA), April 1947, Stokoe SAM63094 (SAM); Breekkransfontein, Cederberg, between river and The Twins (3219CA), 5 May 1989, Taylor 12032 (NBG, PRE); Clanwilliam, Dwarsberg, S Cederberg (3219CB), 1 April 1956, Esterhuysen 25552 (BOL); Clanwilliam, Kromme River, S Cederberg (3219CB), 1 April 1956, Esterhuysen 25553 (BOL, PRE); Sandfontein Peak, S Cederberg (3219CB), 20 April 1957, Esterhuysen 27216 (BOL, PRE); Wuppertal, Gideonskop (3219CB), 22 April 1957, Stokoe s.n. (NBG); Clanwilliam, Olifants River Dome (3219CC), 16 April 1949, Esterhuysen 15290 (BOL); Clanwilliam, Olifants River Mts. near Thee River (3219CC), 17 April 1949, Esterhuysen 15322 (BOL, PRE); Clanwilliam, Olifants River Mts. at Thee River (3219CC), 17April 1949, Esterhuysen 15323 (BOL, NBG, PRE); Blomhof in the Olifantsrivier Mts. via Dasklip Pass near Porterville (3219CC), 23 March 1996, Koekemoer 1252 & 1253 & 1254 (PRE); Ceres, Schoongezicht Peak, Cold Bokkeveld (3219CC), April 1939, Stokoe 7516 (BOL) and 05 April 1953, Stokoe SAM65915 (PRE, SAM); Koue Bokkeveld, Tafelberg at Boplaas (3219CD), 4 April 1998, Hanekom 3014 (PRE); Wuppertal, Koue Bokkeveld, Tafelberg at Boplaas (3219CD), 4 April 1998, Hanekom 3014 (NBG); Cape Peninsula, Kirstenbosch, N of Window stream (3318CD), April 1950, Esterhuysen 16932 (BOL, PRE); Kirstenbosch, Window Stream (3318CD), October 1940, Esterhuysen 26758 (BOL); Cape Town, Tierbos (3318DC), 1 March 1935, Acocks 4186 (S); Cape Town, Kennilworth (3318DC), March 1895, Flanagan 2425 (BOL, PRE); Great Winterhoek, De Tronk (3319AA), 4 April 1980, Low 902 (NBG, PRE); Ceres, Hansiesberg (3319AB), 18 April 1956, Esterhuysen 25748 (BOL); Worcester, Rocklands Farm,N of Ceres (3319AB), 10 March 1981, Hugo 2512 (K, NBG, PRE); Ceres, Gydo Pass (3319AB), 9 March 1991, Koekemoer 613 (PRE); Ceres, Gydo Pass (3319AB), 20 September 1952, Maguire 1775 (NBG); Ceres, Gydo Pass (3319AB), March 1951, Stokoe SAM65916 (PRE, SAM); Wellington Dist., Bainskloof, E of Wellington, Obiqua Mt. (3319CA), 26 April 1981, Brusse 2563 (PRE); Worcester, Buffelshoek (3319CB), 29 April 1942, Esterhuysen 7819 (BOL, K, NBG, PRE); In montibus supra Worcester (3319CB), Rehman 2633 (K); Worcester veld Reserve (3319CB), July 1933, Van Breda 30 (PRE); Silverstream Mts. above Villiersdorp (3319CD), 14 May 1974, Goldblatt 1821 (NBG, PRE); McGregor, Riviersonderendberge, SW of McGregor (3319DD), 30 April 1975, Robertse & students 1005 (PRE); Laingsburg, Witteberg (3320AD/BC), 11 April 1966, Esterhuysen 31505 (BOL); Anysberg (3320DA), 3 June 1956, Esterhuysen 25982 (K); Ladismith, Seven Weeks Poort Berg (3321AD), 30 March 1959, Esterhuysen 28290 (BOL); Elandskloof between Vleiland & Seweweekspoort (3321AD), 21 February 1986, Moffett & Steensma 3866 (NBG, PRE); Lebombo Mt.; Garcia’s Pass (3321CC), 13 May 1971, Kruger 1273 (PRE); Oudtshoorn, Boomplaas (3322AC), 21 January 1976, Hugo 26 (NBG); Simonstown, Redhill (3418AB), 11 April 1975, Bayliss 1395 (K, PRE); Silvermine, NW side, N of reservoir (3418AB), 28 March 2004, Bergh 1249 (NBG); Silvermine (3418AB), 28 February 2007, Bergh 1609 (NBG); In clivis montosis Muizenberg (3418AB), April 1880, Bolus 4797 (BOL, K); Bonteberg (3418AB), 9 March 1941, Compton 10621 (NBG); Cape Peninsula, Longkloof, Witsands (3418AB), 20 April 1946, Compton 17975 (NBG); Cape Peninsula, Orange Kloof (3418AB), 26 February 1947, Compton 19384 (NBG); Cape Peninsula, Noordhoek Mt. (3418AB), 6 May 1950, Compton 21954 (NBG); An den Bergen bei Simonstad (3418AB), May, Ecklon & Zeyher 489 (75.5) (S); Cape Peninsula, Kalk Bay Mt., obove Boyes Drive (3418AB), 6April 1974, Goldblatt 1423 (NBG, PRE); Chapmans Peak (3418AB), 14 February 1991, Koekemoer 526 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Silvermine, along Ou Kaapse Weg (3418AB), 26 February 1991, Koekemoer 529 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Silvermine Nature Reserve (3418AB), 26 February 1991, Koekemoer 532 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Constantiaberg (3418AB), 12 March 1991, Koekemoer 621 & 625 (PRE); Muizenberg (3418AB), 22 May 1933, Levyns 4236 (BOL, K); Kalk Bay, Muizenberg (3418AB), 22 May 1933, Levyns 4237 (BOL); Hout Bay (3418AB), 15 March 1935, Levyns 4940 (BOL); Hout Bay (3418AB), 15 March 1935, Levyns 4941 (BOL); St. James, Cape Peninsula (3418AB), 14 April 1935, Levyns 4944 (BOL); St. James, Cape Peninsula (3418AB), 14 April 1935, Levyns 4969 (BOL); Muizenberg (3418AB), January 1925, Marloth 3896 (PRE); Hillside, St. James’, False Bay (3418AB), April 1918, Pape 1439 (K); Hout Bay (3418AB), February 1928, Smuts s.n. (PRE); Simonstown, Redhill (3418AB), 25 March 1962, Taylor 3237 (NBG, PRE); Red Hill (3418AB), 1 June 1962, Taylor 3340 (NBG); Muizenberg (3418AB), Tyson SAM 52021 (SAM); Cape Peninsula, Trappers Kop (3418AB), 9 March 1941, Walgate s.n. (NBG); Kalk Bay Hills (3418AB), 12 March 1896, Wolley Dod 1006 (PRE); Muizenberg, Steenberg (3418AB), May, Zeyher SAM51735 (SAM); Cape Peninsula, near Smitzwinkel (3418AD), 26 April 1940, Compton 8719 (NBG); Cape Peninsula, Smitswinkel (3418AD), 19 March 1934, Galpin 12642 (K, PRE); Wynberg flats (3418BA), 8 May 1847, Prior (K); Above Simonstown on rd. to Redhill (3418BB), 29 March 1996, Koekemoer 1262 (PRE); Houwhoekpas (3419AA), 9 March 1983, Cruikshank 7145 (PRE); On Donkerhoek Mt. (3419AB), 9 March 1815, Burchell 7965 (K); Mts. of Baviaanskloof near Genadendal (3419BA), 15 February 1815, Burchell 7615 (K) and 27 February 1815, Burchell 7879 (K); Genadendal (3419BA), March 1935, Levyns 4859 & 4860 (BOL); Riviersonderend Mts. (3419BB), 7 April 1974, Theron 3020 (PRE); Bredasdorp, Mierkraal (3419DB), 24 April 1897, Schlechter 10507 (BOL, E, K, P, PRE, S).

Figures

FIGURE 15. Known distribution of Myrovernix scaber in South Africa.