Myrovernix longifolius (DC.) Koekemoer, 2019

Koekemoer, Marinda, 2019, Taxonomy and reclassification of South African Asteraceae genus Elytropappus (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae), the description of two new genera and two new species, Phytotaxa 403 (4), pp. 248-284 : 278-279

Myrovernix longifolius (DC.) Koekemoer comb. nov.

Basionym:— Elytropappus glandulosus var. longifolius Candolle (1838: 256) ; Homotypic synonym:— Elytropappus longifolius (DC.) Levyns (1935b: 98) .

Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape. Mountains of Baviaanskloof near Genadendal , 18 February 1815, Burchell 7615 (G-DC!, lectotype, designated here; K!, isolectotype) .

Heterotypic synonym:— Elytropappus glandulosus var. pallens Candolle (1838: 256) , non Levyns (1935a: 94). Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Ecklon 1312 (G-DC!, lectotype, designated here).

Large, robust plants, up to 2.5 m tall and up to 2.5 m diameter, main stem up to 50 mm diam.; younger plants in dense vegetation appear to be straggling, older plants with rigid, erect branches. Branches developing in a whorl below the inflorescence of the previous year, often giving the impression of candelabrum-like growth form; flowering shoots densely foliaceous, the other branches bare, with prominent leaf scars. Leaves up to 15 mm long, basally adpressed and then spreading, mostly persistent for one season only, densely glandular; glands stalked, cylindrical, head not clearly distinct. Inflorescence spicate, occasionally with clusters of capitula on short stalks, interspersed with subtending leaves. Capitula clustered in the axils of the upper leaves, 3-flowered, spike 20–100 mm long, subtending leaves extending well beyond capitula. Receptacle small, conical. Involucral bracts 9–20; outermost leafy, scale-like, very glandular; innermost very glandular in upper part, midrib prominent, mucronate. Disc florets up to 4 mm long, plum-red in upper half, lower half thickened, yellowish. Cypselas with short but well developed annulus, surface smooth, except for area below annulus, which is covered in warty outgrowths, adaxial side ribbed, abaxial side smooth. Pappus setae 17–25, fused at base. Flowering February to April.

Diagnostic features: —Inflorescence a spike-like panicle; leaves up to 15 mm long, densely glandular, large robust plants, capitula 3-flowered, warty outgrowths in upper part of cypsela.

Conservation status:—Least Concern (http://Redlist.sanbi.org).

Distribution:— Western Cape. Dry mountainous areas, at elevations of 600–1100 m. Figure 14 .

Specimens examined:— SOUTH AFRICA, Western Cape. Kalboskloof, 20 February 1828, Drege 1708 (P); CBS, Drege PRE12004 (PRE); Zwellendam, am Ufer des Rivierzondereinde, bei Appelskraal, Ecksteen und an den angrenzenden Bergen, Ecklon & Zeyher 492 (90) (S); Worcester Div., Hex River Mt, Brodie, 8 March 1949, Esterhuysen 8744 (BOL); Strubens valley, 1 March 1934, Galpin 12563 (K, PRE); NW end of reservoir on the Steenberg, 19 February 1922, Pillans 4170 (BOL); Mt. slopes above Modderfontein, Olifants River Mt., April 1930, Pillans 6795 (BOL); Worcester Mts., 1878, Rehman 5695 (BOL); CBS, Zeyher 329 (P); Clanwilliam, Heerenlogementsberg (3118DC), 9 February 1978, Hugo 1047 (K, NBG, PRE); Cederberg, close to Brakvlei turn-off (3118DD), 20 March 1996, Koekemoer 1219 (PRE); Pakhuis Pass, Clanwilliam (3218BB), 21 March 1996, Koekemoer 1227 (PRE); Pakhuis Pass, Clanwilliam (3218BB), 21 March 1996, Koekemoer 1229 (PRE); Pakhuis Pass below Kleinkliphuis (3218BB), 7 March 1991, Koekemoer 580 (PRE); Pakhuis Pass, Patrysvlei (3219AA), 11 September 1990, Koekemoer 435 (PRE); R364 between Calvinia and Clanwilliam (3219AA), 28 April 2000, Nienaber 757 (PRE); Cold Bokkeveld, Schoongezicht (3219CC), April 1939, Stokoe SAM54195 (SAM); Thee River Kloof, S of Citrusdal (3219CC), April 1949, Stokoe SAM63092 (PRE, SAM); Tulbagh Div. (3319AA), 14 February 1934, Compton 4635 (BOL); Ceres, Inkruip, Witzenberg (3319AA), 19 April 1956, Esterhuysen 25760 (BOL, PRE); Tulbagh, Gt. Winterhoek Sneeugat Camp (3319AA), 13 February 1934, Galpin 12667 (K, PRE); Witteberg, NE of Du Toits Kloof Pass (3319CA), 7 February 2004, Bergh 1153 (NBG); Du Toitskloof (3319CA), October bis Januar, Drege (S); Du Toitskloof (3319CA), Drege PRE12830 (PRE); Paarl Div., Slanghoek Mts., Krom River dome (3319CA), 31 March 1944, Esterhuysen 11522 (PRE); Paarl, Suurvlakte, Krom River Dome (3319CA), 9 March 1958, Esterhuysen 27603 (BOL); Bains Kloof, Wellington (3319CA), February 1913, Garside 416 (K); E end of Du Toits Kloof, farm Tois Kloof 517, Laaiplaaskloof (3319CA), 5 November 2006, Helme 4106 (NBG); Worcester Div., Witte River Valley (3319CA), 12 February 1981, Karis 148 (S); Bainskloof (3319CA), April 1925, Marloth 12021 (NBG, PRE); French Hoek Pass, S side (3319CC), 19 January 1941, Esterhuysen 5645 (BOL, PRE); Worcester Div., Bosjesveld Mt., Villiersdorp side (3319CD), February 1940, Stokoe SAM57712 (SAM); Robertson, Bergendal Klaasvoogds West, Langeberg (3319DD), 4 March 1986, Moffett & Steensma 4153 (NBG, PRE); Noordhoek Mts. (3418AB), 22 February 1945, Compton 16963 (NBG); Steenberg plateau (3418AB), 22 February 1945, Leighton 1041 (NBG, PRE); Between reservoir on the Steenberg & Constantiaberg (3418AB), December 1928, Salter 280/16 (BOL); Kogelberg River, Hottentots Holland Mt. (3418BB), 1 March 1934, Salter 4341 (BOL); Simonstown, Kogelberg Forest Reserve along Palmiet River, Paardeberg (3418BD), 26 February 1970, Boucher 1167 (NBG, PRE); Kogelberg State Forest (3418BD), 15 February 1978, Durand 385 (PRE); Kogelberg (3418BD), 7 February 1993, Kruger 1014 (NBG); S Hottentots Holland Mts., Kogelberg State Forest, Oudebos (3418BD), 7 February 1993, Kruger 1014 (NBG); Lebanon State Forest, Jakkals River Catchment (3419AA), 30 April 1974, Haynes 937 (NBG, PRE); Caledon, Grabouw, Lebanon (3419AA), 30 March 1967, Kruger 386 (K, NBG, PRE); Palmiet River, Elgin (3419AA), 28 February 1942, Stokoe 8717 (BOL, PRE) and February 1942, Stokoe SAM58121 (SAM); Donkerhoek Mt. (3419AB), 9 March 1815, Burchell 7965 (K); Baviaanskloof near Genadendal (3419BA), 18 February 1815, Burchell 7615 (G-DC, K); Caledon Dist., Genadendal (3419BA), Burchell 7879 (K, NBG, P); Caledon and Genadendal (3419BA), February, Ecklon & Zeyher SAM16840 (SAM); Genadendal (3419BA), March 1935, Levyns 4836 (BOL, PRE) and Levyns 4837 (BOL) and 28 April 1986, Schlechter 798 (PRE).

Figures

FIGURE 14. Known distribution of Myrovernix longifolius in South Africa.