Mitrapsylla rupestris, Burckhardt & Queiroz, 2021

Burckhardt, Daniel & Queiroz, Dalva L., 2021, Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov., a psyllid (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Poiretia bahiana (Fabaceae) endemic to the Espinhaco mountain range (Brazil, Bahia), Alpine Entomology 5, pp. 69-75 : 69

Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov.

Figs 4-7 , 8-13 , 14-21 , 23

Type locality.

Brazil, Bahía, Palmeiras, Morro do Pai Inácio, 12.4572°S, 41.4727°W, 1110 m.

Type material.

Holotype. Male. Brazil: Bahía, Palmeiras, Morro do Pai Inácio, 12.4572°S, 41.4727°W, 1110 m, 23.iv.2021, D. Burckhardt & D.L. Queiroz #424(1) // Poiretia bahiana Fabaceae, rock vegetation // Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov., holotype, det. D. Burckhardt, 2021 // UFPR, dry.

Paratypes. Brazil, 5 males, 6 females, Bahía, same data as holotype ( NHMB, UFPR, dry, slide, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0007048-NMB-PSYLL0007055).

Material not included in type series.

Brazil, 4 first, 2 second instar immatures, Bahía, same data as holotype ( NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0007056).

Diagnosis.

Adult head and thorax with pattern consisting of fine whitish lines and dots. Genal processes irregularly conical, subacute apically, 0.5-0.7 times as long as vertex along midline. Forewing with surface spinules usually present in all cells but much reduced, present in cell c+sc at the apex, in r1 along apical margin, in r2 in apical half of cell, in m1 in apical third or half, in m2 in basal half and near apex of cell, in cu1 almost completely reduced, in cell cu2 covering most of the cell but leaving broad spinule-free stripes along the veins; radular spinules present in cells m1, m2, cu1 and sometimes in r2. Paramere, in profile, narrow, clavate; sclerotised ridge apically, more or less in the middle, in dorsal view bearing two small teeth. Distal segment of aedeagus complex, with unipartite dorsal lobe. Female proctiger, in profile, with dorsal outline weakly indented adjacent to circumanal ring, in apical half almost straight or weakly convex; apex narrowly rounded.

Description.

Adult (Figs 4-7 ). Colouration. Orange to brown. Head and thorax with pattern consisting of fine whitish lines and dots (Figs 5 , 7 , 8 ). Ocelli orange, eyes grey. Antennal segments 3-7 yellow at base, dark brown at apex, dark portion becoming longer from proximal to distal segment; segments 7-10 dark brown. Head, clypeus and thorax yellow in ventral view. Thoracic pleura irregularly brown with dark margins of sclerites (Figs 4 , 6 ). Legs yellow or brown, tarsi greyish brown. Forewing (Figs 10 , 12 ) transparent, colourless or slightly yellowish with small dark brown dots on radular spinules in cells m1, m2 and cu1 as well as at apex of clavus; veins light brown with brown tips. Hindwing whitish, transparent. Abdominal sclerites brown with two longitudinal submedian rows of whitish dots on tergites; intersegmental membranes yellow or orange. Apex of paramere and female terminalia black. Young specimens lighter with less expanded dark colour, getting gradually darker with age.

Structure.

Conforming to the generic description of Rendón-Mera et al. (2020). Body length ♂ 2.0-2.2 mm, ♀ 2.2-2.4 mm (6 ♂, 6 ♀). Head inclined in a 30° angle from longitudinal body axis (Figs 4 , 6 ). Vertex with scaly microsculpture (Fig. 9 ). Genal processes irregularly conical, subacute apically, 0.5-0.7 times as long as vertex along midline (Figs 8 , 9 ). Antenna 2.1-2.3 times as long as head width. Rostrum short, apical and part of the subapical segments visible in profile, 0.4 times as long as head width. Metatibia 0.7-0.8 times as long as head width. Forewing (Figs 10-13 ) 2.8-3.1 times as long as head width, 2.2-2.4 times as long as wide; fore margin relatively evenly curved, wing widest near the middle; broadly, evenly rounded apically, wing apex lies in cell r2; pterostigma relatively short, at base slightly narrower than adjacent part of cell r1; cell cu1 0.8-0.9 times higher than wide. Surface spinules usually present in all cells but much reduced, present in cell c+sc at the apex, in r1 along apical margin, in r2 in apical half of cell, in m1 in apical third or half, in m2 in basal half and near apex of cell, in cu1 almost completely reduced, in cell cu2 covering most of the cell but leaving broad spinule-free stripes along the veins; in females (Fig. 13 ) areas with surface spinules more expanded than in males (Fig. 11 ) where they are much reduced; radular spinules present in cells m1, m2 and cu1, sometimes with also a few indistinct spinules in r2. Terminalia as in Figs 13 - 20 . Male proctiger (Fig. 14 ) 0.3-0.4 times as long as head width, with narrow, relatively straight posterior lobes in basal third. Paramere (Figs 14 , 15 ), in profile, clavate, irregularly expanding towards apex; anterior margin weakly, irregularly concave proximally to kink in distal quarter; apex broadly irregularly rounded; posterior margin weakly, irregularly convex in proximal two thirds and distal third, slightly indented at distal third; outer face with long fine setae, sparser in anterior half, denser in posterior half (Fig. 14 ); inner face with long bristles along fore margin in apical half, sparse proximally, dense apically, with a group of long stout, densely spaced bristles near apex anteriorly and posteriorly, and with a few sparse long bristles along hind margin; remainder covered in long setae; sclerotised apical ridge, more or less in the middle (Figs 15 , 16 ). Distal segment of aedeagus (Fig. 17 ) complex, with unipartite dorsal lobe; dorsal lobe, in profile, ovoid; ventral process hardly upturned, its apical expansion ovoid to subglobular, larger than dorsal lobe, lateral tubercles long, situated near apex, dorsally (Figs 17 , 18 ); sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius short, weakly sinuous. Female proctiger (Fig. 19 ) 1.0 times as long as head width, dorsal outline weakly indented adjacent to circumanal ring, weakly concave otherwise almost straight or weakly convex; apex narrowly rounded; with moderately long setae around circumanal ring and in proximal half laterally, distal half with a submedian longitudinal row of long setae on each side and densely spaced peg setae (Fig. 20 ) laterally; circumanal ring 0.3-0.4 times as long as proctiger, consisting of two unequal rows of pores. Female subgenital plate 0.5 times as long as proctiger, pointed apically; densely beset with moderately long setae in distal two thirds except for a seta-free “window” in apical third laterally; in ventral view (Fig. 21 ) weakly narrowing in proximal half, strongly narrowing in distal half; apex subacute.

Measurements (in mm; 2 ♂, 2 ♀). Head width ♂ 0.56-0.58, ♀ 0.60; antenna length ♂ 1.24-1.26, ♀ 1.30-1.32; forewing length ♂ 1.60-1.64, ♀ 1.68; male proctiger length 0.20-0.22; paramere length 0.20; length of distal segment of aedeagus 0.26-0.28; female proctiger length 0.60-0.62.

Fifth instar immature unknown, only first and second instars available.

Etymology.

From Latin rupes = rock, referring to its occurrence in rock habitats; Mitrapsylla rupestris is an adjective in the nominative case, feminine.

Distribution.

Brazil ( Bahía) where it is probably endemic to the Serra do Espinhaço.

Host plant, biology and habitat. Poiretia bahiana C. Mueller ( Fabaceae, Fabioideae , Dalbergieae) (Figs 2 , 3 ). The immatures (Fig. 23 , arrows) develop in the fold of the still partially doubled leaflets (Fig. 22 , arrow). The host grows in rock habitats (Figs 1 , 2 ).

Comments.

Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov. resembles M. aeschynomenis Rendón-Mera, Burckhardt, Cavichioli & Queiroz, 2020, M. aurantia Rendón-Mera, Burckhardt, Cavichioli & Queiroz, 2020, M. cubana Crawford, 1914, and M. didyma Rendón-Mera, Burckhardt, Cavichioli & Queiroz, 2020, in the apically weakly expanded paramere, in profile, bearing the sclerotised apical ridge medially and in the unipartite dorsal lobe on the distal portion of the aedeagus. Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov. differs from the four species in the lateral tubercles on the ventral aedeagal process which are situated near the apex (rather than near the middle), and in the female proctiger which is dorsally straight or weakly convex in apical half (rather than weakly sinuous) and narrowly rounded apically (rather than obliquely truncate). In M. aeschynomenis and M. aurantia , the antennae and the genal processes are slightly shorter: antenna length/ head width ratio < 2.1 versus > 2.1 in M. rupestris sp. nov.; length ratio of genal processes/ vertex < 0.5 versus > 0.5 in M. rupestris sp. nov. From the former, M. rupestris sp. nov. differs also in the slightly more acute genal processes and from the latter in the more spaced surface spinules of the forewing. In the key of Rendón-Mera et al. (2020), M. rupestris sp. nov. runs to couplet 31 together with M. cubana and M. didyma from which is differs the shape of the sclerotised ridge of the paramere in dorsal view. In the last two species, the ridge bears one big posterior tooth, while in M. rupestris sp. nov. it forms two small teeth. From the former it differs in the apically slightly more expanded paramere and from the latter in the slightly shorter postero-apical lobe of the paramere. It differs also in the host association: M. aeschynomenis develops on Aeschynomene , which belongs to the same tribe as Poiretia ( Dalbergieae), M. cubana and M. didyma are associated with Desmodium , which is a member of the more distantly related Desmodieae within the same subfamily ( Faboideae). The host of M. aurantia is unknown.

Figures

Figures 1 - 7. Habitat, host and habitus of Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov. 1. Morro do Pai Inacio (Bahia, Palmeiras), type locality of M. rupestris sp. nov.; 2, 3. Poiretia bahiana, the host of M. rupestris sp. nov., growing in rock habitats (2) with detail of glandular leaflets (3); 4 - 7. habitus, adults 4, 6. in profile; 5, 7. in dorsal view; 4, 5. male; 6, 7. female. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

Figures 8 - 13. Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov. 8, 9. Head, in dorsal view, showing colour pattern (8) and microsculpture (9); 10 - 13. forewing; 10, 12. bright field, showing venation and colour; 11, 13. dark field, showing surface spinules; 10, 11. male; 12, 13. female. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (8, 9); 0.3 mm (10 - 13).

Figures 14 - 21. Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov., terminalia. 14. Male terminalia, in profile; 15. inner face of paramere; 16. dorsal view of parameres, setae on right paramere omitted (anterior = up); 17. distal portion of aedeagus; 18. ventral lobe of distal portion of aedeagus with lateral tubercles, in ventral view; 19. female terminalia, in profile; 20. peg setae on female proctiger; 21. female subgenital plate, in ventral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (14, 19, 21); 0.05 mm (15 - 18); 0.03 mm (20).

Figures 22, 23. Poiretia bahiana. 22. Plant with folded leaflet (arrow) housing immatures; 23. immatures of Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov. (arrows).