Marasmius ferruginoides Antonín Mycotaxon (SH)

Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L. & Newman, Danny S., 2017, Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar, Phytotaxa 292 (2), pp. 101-149 : 143

34. Marasmius ferruginoides Antonín Mycotaxon 89(2): 399–422. 2004. ( Fig. 22 , Plate 8 )

Type:— DR CONGO. Tshopo Province, Kisangani, forest near Zoo, 2 May 1984, B. Buyck 1615 ( BR 11731–91).

Description:— Pileus 7–9 mm diam, campanulate, umbilicate; margin smooth to rugulose; surface dry, glabrous; orange to reddish orange (8 C 7). Context thin, orangish red. Lamellae adnexed, close (17–20) with 3 series of lamellulae, narrow; yellowish white (3 A 3), non-marginate. Stipe 29–50 × 0.5–1 mm, central, cylindrical, wiry, hollow; surface glabrous; apex buff to cream (3 A 3), centrally light brown (5 B 6), base dark brown (6 C 4, 6 F 8). Odor and taste not distinctive.

Basidiospores 10.4–12.8 × 4–4.8 μm [x m = 11.52 ± 1.07 × 4.48 ± 0.44 μm; Q = 2.17–3.20; Q m = 2.61 ± 0.48, n =5, s =1], narrowly ellipsoid to oblong, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 17.6–29.6 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia scattered, of Siccus- type broom cells; main body 17.6–24.8 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate to cylindrical, 2–3 lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–8.8 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia few, 26.4–38.4 × 4.8–7.2 μm, subfusoid to subcylindrical, seldom lobed, often mucronate or capitate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 15.2–20 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate to broadly clavate or irregular, light brown, inamyloid, apically thick-walled; apical setulae 1.6–5.6 × 0.8– 1.6 μm, conical, strict, often forked, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 3.2–10.4 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–6.4 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3.2–5.6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 1.6–10.4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.

Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or in gregarious clusters on leaves of Intsia bijuga ( Fabaceae ). Africa ( Cameroon, DR Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria), Madagascar.

Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Atsinanana, District Brickaville, Commune Andevoranto, Andavakimena Forest, elev. 8 m, GPS: 18˚ 53.082’ S, 49˚ 07.559’ E, 30 January 2014, J. E. Shay 209 ( SFSU).

Notes:— Marasmius ferruginoides is characterized by a relatively small (7–9 mm diam), campanulate, smooth to wrinkled,orange to reddish orange pileus, close (17–20),non-collariate,non-marginate lamellae, a glabrous stipe lacking caulocystidia, narrow (4.8–7.2 μm), mucronate pleurocystidia, Siccus - type broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves. Antonín (2004) established M. ferruginoides for African material determined by Pegler (1977) as M. gardneri Singer (= M. ferrugineus (Berk.) Berk. & M.A. Curtis , a different species from Brazil), and subsequently reported the species from Cameroon, DR Congo, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria ( Antonín 2007). The Madagascan specimen ( JES 209) reported here differs from continental specimens in forming a more reddish orange pileus (rather than yellowish orange). Antonín and Buyck (2006) reported M. confertus var. parvisporus from Madagascar, and our material of M. ferruginioides would key there, but the former has smaller pilei (up to 3 mm diam), fewer lamellae (15), and shorter basidiospores (8.5–12 μm long). An ITS sequence of JES 209 ( KX 148983) places M. ferruginoides in an isolated position in the ITS phylogeny ( Fig. 1a ).

Figures

FIGURE 1a. Maximum likelihood phylogeny based on ITS sequence data. Marasmius from Madagascar are indicated in bold type.Values separated by / refer to nonparametric ML bootstrap proportions and Bayesian posterior probabilities, respectively. Values greater than 70/0.70 are shown (- designates a value below 70% or below 0.70). Nodes receiving support values greater than 90/0.95 are represented by bold branches. G—sect. Globulares; N—sect. Neosessiles; SA—sect. Sicci ser. Atrorubentes; SL—sect. Sicci ser. Leonini; SH—sect. Sicci ser. Haematocephali.

PLATE 8,Basidiocarps representingsect.Sicciser.Haematocephalia) Marasmius haematocephalus(JES 202) b)Marasmius ferruginoides (JES 209) c) Marasmius hinnuleus (JES 217). Scale bar = 10 mm. Photography by D.S. Newman.

FIGURE 22. Marasmius ferruginoides (JES 209) a) basidiospores; b) basidioles; c) cheilocystidia; d) pleurocystidia; e) pileipellis cells. Scale bar = 10 μm. Illustrated by J.E. Shay.