Luridiblatta trivittata ( Serville, 1839 )

Bohn, Horst, 2022, Revision of the genus Luridiblatta (Blaberoidea, Ectobiidae, Ectobiinae), Zootaxa 5215 (1), pp. 1-72 : 15-16

5. Luridiblatta trivittata ( Serville, 1839)

Figs. 1B , 2B , 4A,E , 19A–N , 20A,B , 21A–I , 34N,O , 35D , 36A,C,G,H , 39 , 43

Blatta trivittata Serville, 1839: 106 .

Aphlebia trivittata ( Serville, 1839) : Brunner v. Wattenwyl 1865: 73; Riggio 1889: 18, figs. 4,5.

Hololampra trivittata: Kirby 1904: 70 ; Ramme 1927: 129.

Aphlebia (Lamprella) trivittata: Bolívar : 1921; Fernandes 1962: 181.

Phyllodromica (Hololampra) trivittata: Chopard 1943: 23 (fig. 22 only).

Phyllodromica (Arbiblatta) trivittata: Princis 1965: 38 , 40.

Phyllodromica (Luridiblatta) trivittata: Fernandes 1965: 181 ; Princis 1971: 1117.

Luridiblatta trivittata: Failla & Messina 1993: 99 , figs. 1-6.

Diagnosis. From L. habbachii in the male sex distinguished by the following characters: T6 with a—though intermittent—transversal ridge, and with larger bristles restricted to the posterior half of the tergite ( Fig. 1B ); tegmina almost reaching the abdominal end, obliquely rounded; shaft of hook subapically at the left side usually strongly bulged out ( Fig. 19L–N ).

Material. Type material. 1♀, Sardinia, lost .

Material studied. ITALY PENINSULA. Lazio. Prov. Viterbo: 8♂, 11♀, 2L, Tarquinia, Necropoli Etrusca , 140 m, 14.VIII.1986, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂, It 34/1–3; ♀, It 34/6,8; L, It 34/7) . Toscana. Prov. Grosseto : 1♀, Monte Argentario , Il Telegrafo, 500 m, 14.VIII.1986, leg. B. & H.Bohn (It 35) .— SARDINIA. Prov. Cagliari : 3♂, 12♀, 6O, Iglesiente , Fluminese , 2 km SW Arenas (N Iglesias), 500 m, 1.IX.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂, Sa 15/1,8) . Prov. Nuoro: 11♂, 16♀, 1L, 6O, btw. Orgosolo & Mamoiada, 740 m, 24.VIII.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂, Sa 5/3–5,7,9; ♀, Sa 5/6,10; L, Sa 5/11). Prov. Nuoro/Oristano: 2♀, 4 km WSW Borore (near Macomer ), 360 m, 8.IX.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (Sa 19) ; 14♂, 19♀, 1O, Nuraghe Pozzo Maiore (10 km SW Macomer), 600 m, 6./ 9. IX.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂, Sa 18/3,5). Prov. Oristano : 3♀, 1, 5 km SSE Villa Sant’Antonio ( Oristano— Laconi ), 250 m, 30.VIII.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (Sa 14) ; 1♀, Santa Cristina ( Oristano–Abassanta ), 200 m, 6.IX.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (Sa 17). Prov. Sassari: 10♂, 10♀, 5O, 1 km S Biancareddu (ca. 20 km WSW Porto Torres), 200 m, 17./ 18.VIII.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂ Sa 1/3,5–7; ♀: Sa 1/4) ; 8♂, 5♀, 2O, Cantoniera Tucconi (15 km NE Oschiri), 200 m, 18.VIII.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂, Sa 2/1,2) ; 2♂, 4♀, Necropoli S. Andria Priu (10 km E Bonorva), 400 m, 10.IX.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slide: ♂, Sa 20/1) ; 20♂, 31♀, 5O, 4 km W Thiesi (50 km SE Sassari), 550 m, 10./ 14.IX.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂, Sa 21/15,19; ♀, Sa 21/10,17,18) ; 13♀, 2O, Tenuta Madau (13 km NE Ploaghe), 400 m, 12.IX.1980, leg. B. & H.Bohn (Sa 22). — SICILY. Prov. Catania: 5♂, 3♀, Monte Etna, 8-10 km NE Adrano, 1100-1250 m, 4.IX.1987, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂, Sz 9/2,3; ♀, Sz 9/5) ; 5♀, Monte Etna, Monte Testa , 12 km NE Adrano, 1450 m, 4.IX.1987, leg. B. & H.Bohn (Sz 10). Prov. Messina: 1♀, Monti Nebrodi, W slope of Monte Soro, Portella Maulazzo–Portella Calacudera , 1450–1600 m, 2./ 3.IX.1987, leg. B. & H.Bohn (Sz 5) ; 7♂, 11♀, Monti Nebrodi, N slope of Pizzo d’Intrilleo, ‘ Cicogna’ , 1300 m, 3.IX.1987, leg. B. & H.Bohn (slides: ♂, Sz 7/3,4,6–10) ; 3♀, 1O, Monti Nebrodi, ‘ Malamogliera’ (btw. Cesaro & Bronte), 700 m, 3.IX.1987, leg. B. & H.Bohn (Sz 8). Prov. Palermo: 1♂, Balestrate , 18.VII.1924, Ramme-Richter S.G .; 1♂, 2♀, Capaci , 15.VII.1924, Ramme-Richter S.G.. (M. Berlin). Prov. Siracusa: 4♂, 4♀, Siracusa, Cianefluss , 21.VII.1924, Ramme-Richter S.G.. (M. Berlin). — ALGERIA: 7♀, 1L, Algérie, Lambèze [Tasoult-Lambèse], L.Bleuse, VI.1885. (slides: 3♀, Bo 1303, Bo 1304, Bo 1313) (Loc. 1 in Fig. 39 ). (M. Paris) .— 2♀, 1L, Bône [Annaba], Olivier, C. Br. v. W. (slides, 2♀: Bo 1305, Bo 1306) (Loc. 3 in Fig. 39 ). (M. Wien) . — 1♂, 1♀, 3L, Prov. El Tarf, Region de Lehnaya, Parc National d‘El-Kala , 36°51‘26“N 8°11‘53“E, 8 m, 22.VI.-19.IX.2015, leg. W.Habbachi (slide: ♂, Al 32a/1) ; Prov.Annaba, Région de Berrahal , 36°50‘31“N 7°26‘08“E, 20 m, leg. W.Habbachi : 2♂, 3♀, 1L, forêt d‘Eucalyptus, 22.VI.–20.VIII.2015 (slide, 1♂, Al 33a/1) / many ♂, ♀, L, forêt de Chêne-liége , 30.VII–20.VIII.2015 (Al 33b); many ♂, ♀, L, Prov. Annaba, Sidi Amar, Forêt de Sidi Amar , 36°48‘34“N 7°42‘54“E, 34 m, 22.VI. - 20.VIII.2015, leg. W.Habbachi (slides: 2♂, Al 34b/1,2) ; Batna, National Parc of Chelia (btw. Bouhamama & Medina), 35°18’29.7”N 6°37’30.6”E–35°18’36.7”N 6°37’23.9”E, 1890–1930 m, spring 2018, leg. W.Habbachi & N.Aberkane (slides: 3♂, Al 36/8–10). (Coll. Bohn, ZSMC) .— USA, California: 10♀, Sonoma County, Santa Rosa , 12.VIII.2009, leg. R Edler ; 10♂, Sonoma County, Santa Rosa , 1.IX.2009, leg. R Edler (slide: ♂, Bo 1222) (2♂, 1♀ in Coll. Bohn, ZSMC, remaining in Coll. San Francisco).—(Coll. Bohn, ZSMC, if not indicated otherwise) .

Additional, already published localities. ITALY. Lazio, Prov. Roma: Monti della Tolfa (Ara del Frassino) ( Failla & Messina 1993).— SARDINIA, Prov. Nuoro: Ottana ( Failla & Messina 1993).— SICILY, Prov. Agrigento: Licata ( Riggio 1889). Prov. Catania: Monti Nebrodi n. Randazzo ( Failla & Messina 1993). Prov. Enna: Gagliano ( Failla & Messina 1993). Prov. Palermo: Mondello ( Riggio & Pajno 1886). Prov. Siracusa: Portopalo ( Failla & Messina 1993). Prov. Trapani: Marinella ( Riggio 1891).— ALGERIA:? Saïda ( Finot 1895); Philippeville [Skikda] ( Chopard 1936).

Description. Size. Male. Length of pronotum 1.60–1.79 (mean 1.70) mm, length of tegmina 3.46–4.13 (mean 3.69) mm. (N = 10/10, specimens from Sardinia; specimens from Italy and Sicily slightly smaller). Female. Length of pronotum 1.79–1.92 (mean 1.84) mm, length of tegmina 2.05–2.37 (mean 2.16) mm. (N = 8/5).

Wings. Male. ( Fig. 19H,J ) Tegmina: Long, almost reaching the end of the abdomen, apex obliquely rounded. Hindwings: Increasing in breadth towards apically, apex with a rather deep median concavity or steplike excision on one side. Female. ( Fig. 19I,K ) Tegmina: Apical border usually slightly concave, occasionally almost straight. Hindwings: as in male.

Male abdomen. Tergites. Fig. 19A–G. T 6 shows a unique character combination: anterior border mesally strongly produced, transversal ridge present but with a wide median gap, distribution of the large spatular bristles restricted to the posterior half of the tergite surface, laterally with a pair of small deepenings, the anterior one forming a shallow swale ( Figs. 1B , 2B , 4A,E , 19C ); for more details see under characters of the genus. T7. Pit size: largest with size 2–3 ( Fig. 21I ). Anterior pit wall (aw) in its structure considerably deviating from the usual composition: the strongly sclerotized area sa —in the other species of the genus forming the uppermost part of the anterior pit wall—is not integrated into the wall, but forms a horizontally mounted sclerite stripe anteriorly adjacent to the pit opening ( Fig. 20A,B ); posteriorly it bends over in a sharp edge to the rectangularly descending proper pit wall; the latter immediately below the edge often slightly excavated (ec in Fig. 21D ); stabilising bracelet s narrow ( Fig. 21E,H ). Posterior pit wall (pw) with a pair of well developed hemispherical bulges (bu, Figs. 20B , 21C,D ). Glandular pouches (gp) very long, surpassing the anterior border of T7 for more than the length of T7 measured at the lateral border, posteriorly ending in a very narrow tailpiece (tp, Fig. 21F ); tubules (tu) very long, reaching far beyond the lateral borders of T7 ( Fig. 19D ), near the tailpieces of the pouches opening into the pit (ot, Fig. 21F ). Genital hook with a relatively normally proportioned shaft, the latter below the apical process strongly bulged out ( Fig. 19L–N ).

Colouration of male tegmina. Lightly coloured stripe between dark stripes unusually narrow ( Figs. 19H , 21A ).

Distribution. The species is widely distributed on the Italian islands Sardinia and Sicily; from the Italian peninsula it is only known from three localities near the border between Toscana and Latium. The distribution in Algeria seems to be restricted to the most eastern part near the border to Tunesia, with several localities near the Mediterranian coast, in the further surroundings of Annaba, and some localities further inland in the region of Batna. Whether the older report from Saida, far in the West, really concerns this species is doubtful; for this locality L. longitubulata has also to be taken into consideration. The occurrence of the species in California USA, detected by R.Edler, is certainly adventitious.

Figures

FIGURE 1A–D. Structures of male T6 of Luridiblatta; overview pictures to show the differences between the three species groups of the genus: A: longitubulata-, B,C: trivittata-, D: beybienkoi-group. The figure shows an exemplary selection of species of the three groups; the remaining species are similaraly depicted on Figs. 5E,F and 6A–D.—Abbreviations: ab anterior border of the tergite; ad, pd anterior, posterior deepening; arrows point to the anterior bristle stripe; mi group of lightly coloured spots indicating the insertion of dorso-ventral muscles; tr transversal ridge, not present in C,D; pr, po pre-ridge, post-ridge area of tergite.—Identifications: A (Sp 45/2, holotype), B (Sz 7/4), C (Al 36/7, holotype), D (Is 23/1).

FIGURE 2A–H. Stuctures of male T6 in more detail. A–F: Cut-outs from the left side of T6 containing the deepenings ad and pd; mi site of muscle insertions; tr transversal ridge. G,H: Mesal end of the left anterior bristle stripe with anterior and posterior trench at, pt and their fusion point fp.—Enlargements: Same scale forA–H.—Identifications:A (Sp 45/2, holotype), B (Sz 7/4), C (Al 36/7, holotype), D (Is 23/1), E (Cy 23/1), F (Ty 3/1), G (Is 14/2), H (Ty 3/1).

FIGURE 4A–H. Structures of male T6.—A–D: Anterior deepenings ad, (A–C) from the left, (D) from the right side; in the longitubulata-group (A) without peculiar structures, in the beybienkoi-group (B–D) with a slitlike opening (arrows). E– H: Posterior deepenings pd, in the trivittata- (E,F) and beybienkoi-group (G), and their homologon mi (H) in the species of the longitubulata-group; the light oval spots are the sites where dorso-ventral muscles insert; all from the left side.—Other abbreviations:br bristles of the anterior bristle stripe, out of focus; the upper part of (ad) in (C) also out of focus.—Enlargements: Same scale for A–H.—Identifications: A (Sa 21/19), B (Cy 25/1), C (Cy 18/1, holotype), D (Is 11/1), E (Sz 7/4), F (Al 36/7, holotype), G (Is 23/1), H (Sp 45/2, holotype).

FIGURE 6A–D. Structures of male T6. Continuation of overview pictures of male T6, species: L. vesiculosa (longitubulata- group), with fully developed transversal ridge tr; L. cyprica, L. beybienkoi and L. graeca (beybienkoi-group), without transversal ridge, but with ad, pd anterior, posterior deepening; fo membraneous fold; arrowhead indicates w-shaped dark line.—Identifications: A (Ma 5/1), B (Cy 18/1, holotype), C (Ty 3/1), D (Kr 23/2, holotype).

FIGURE 19A–N. Main structures of L. trivittata.—A–G. Male tergites. A: T1–4; B: T5; C: T6; D: T7 with gp glandular pouches, tu tubules, and pit pi (for more details see Fig. 21C,D); E,G: T8, (G) with anterior part in higher enlargement to show the rough sclerotisation at the anterior border; F: T9, with lateral lobes (ll).—H,I. Left tegmen of male (H) and female (I).—J,K. Hindwing lobe l with part of metanotum mt of male (J) and female (K), arrows point to the excavated apices.—L–N. Male genital hook, with sh shaft, ve velum, ap apical process, cl claw and its crest cr; arrow points to a rather strong bulging out of the shaft opposite the base of the claw.—Enlargements: Same scale in A–F and in H,I.—Identifications:A–C,E–G,M,N (Sz 7/4), D,L (It 34/3), H (Sz 7/10), I (7/8), J (Sz 2/2), K (Sz 9/5).

FIGURE 20 A,B. Male T7 and its structures in L. trivittata (specimen Sz 7/10). A: T7 with glandular pouches gp, tubules not visible, focus stacking throughout the full depth of the object. B: pit opening in more detail, focus stacking superficial, not deeper than to the pit opening. Additional abbreviations: ab, lb, pb anterior, lateral, and posterior border of the pit opening po; aw anterior pit wall, only fragments of its structures visible; pw posterior pit wall with hemispherical bulge bu, in (B) only shining through the tergite surface; sa strongly sclerotised area, in contrast to the three preceding species clearly set off from the anterior pit wall: it has has a horizontal orientation and at the pit opening almost rectangularly turns over into the descending anterior pit wall.

FIGURE 21A–J. Structures of L. trivittata (A–I) and L. habbachii (J).—A,B. Left male (A) and female (B) tegmen (anteriorly at the right, posterior border below), bristles of the lightly coloured area between the dark longitudinal stripes not inserted in the center of a dark spot (arrowheads, compare Fig. 24F–I).—C–I. Structures of the T7 glandular pit. Abbreviations: ab, pb anterior, posterior border of pit opening; aw anterior pit wall with ec excavation, s stabilising bracelet (only partly visible), sa strongly sclerotised area, and w transparent window; pw posterior pit wall with bu hemispherical bulges. C,D: Slitlike pit opening, (C) focus stacking not further down than to the pit opening, (D) focus stacking throughout the whole object; E: Specimen showing a wider pit opening, s more completely visible, window w becoming visible; F: Same specimen in higher magnification, with bottom of pit in focus, showing the outlets of the T7 glands into the pit: pouches gp via their strongly narrowed tailpieces tp, tubules tu with a wider opening, presumably near ot; hemispherical bulge bu, in this figure out of focus; G,H: Specimen with moderately long pit, focus stacking in (G) superficial, in (H) throughout the whole object, in the latter bulge bu visible, the horizontal line xy presumably caused by a bend or fold in the posterior pit wall; I: Specimen with relatively long pit (size 4).—J. Right hindwing lobe l of the male of L. habbachii.—Identifications:A (Sz 7/10), B (Sz 7/8), C,D (It 34/3), E,F (It 34/2), G,H (Al 34b/1), I (Sa 21/19), J (Al 36/7, holotype).

FIGURE 34 A–O. Pronotum (A–K), resp. pronotum, mesonotum and tegmina (L–O) of the Luridiblatta species designated on the corresponding figures.—Enlargements: Length of scale in all specimens 0,5 mm.—Identifications: A (Sp 45/2, holotype), B (Ma 14/6, holotype), C (Ma 5/8, holotype), D (Is 11/1), E (Is 13/4), F (Kr 23/2, holotype), G (Cy 18/1, holotype), H (Cy 23/1), I (Cy 24/1), J (Cy 29/3), K (Cy 29/2), L (Kr 20/2), M (Is 22/3), N (Sz 7/4), O (Sz 9/5).

FIGURE 35 A–I. Colouration of female tergites in Luridiblatta species.—A–C. Longitubulata-group (comparable colouration also in L. gibberosa).—D. Trivittata-group (colouration of the female of L. habbachii not kown).—E–H. Beybienkoi-group (similar colouration also in L. beybienkoi).—Abbreviations of the dark patches: m mesal, sm submesal, l lateral, sl sublateral, ts transversal stripe; arrows point to the mesal patch of T1 showing characteristic differences between the first two and the third species group.—Identifications: A (Sp 47/15), B (Ma 3/20), C (Ma 16/Y), D (Sa 21/17), E (Is 13/4), F (Gr 1/8), G (Cy 25/3), H (Cy 30/3), I (Bo 1302).

FIGURE 36 A–K. Characters of the genus Luridiblatta and its species groups.—A,B. Colouration of thoracal nota in halfgrown or older larvae of Luridiblatta. Meso- and metanotum in the species of the beybienkoi-group (B, L. beybienkoi) as compared to the other two species groups (A, L. trivittata) with two more dark patches (arrow).—C,D. Bristles on T5 in the species of the longitubulata- and trivittata- group (C, L. trivittata) mainly large and of spatular shape, with clavate tip, in the beybienkoi-group (D, L. graeca) small, with acute tip.—E,F. Female terminalia of L. vesiculosa, with genital sclerites, ventral view, posterior on top. Dorsal complex (E), with c cerci, pp paraprocts, v valves of ovipositor, bd, bv dorsal, ventral basivalvular sclerites; right (bd) much longer than left one, median part by (bv) covered. Ventral complex (F): laterosternal shelf ls, with relatively long arms a, right one apically damaged.—G,H. Male subgenital plate S9 (G), with genital sclerites (except the hook), dorsal view: anterior apodemes aa, endophallus apodeme ea, cleft sclerite cs, R3 sclerite, and stylus s; the latter in higher magnification (H), partly covered with tiny scales.—I–K. Male terminalia of L. fenestrata, with posterior border of the supraanal plate pt, cerci c.—Enlargements: Same scale for E,F and for I–K.—Identifications:A (It 34/7), B (Is 20/2), C (Sz 7/4), D (Kr 23/2, holotype), E,F (Ma 46/3), G,H (It 34/3), I,J,K (Ma 14/12,13,11).

FIGURE 39. Distribution of the species of Luridiblatta occurring in Algeria. The determination of the four larval specimens from locality Al 30 (with question mark) as L. longitubulata is only supported by geographical considerations.

FIGURE 43. Cladogram of the Luridiblatta species reconstructed via the states of five characters listed below. The crown species on the tree are well distinguished by autapomorphies; but since these cannot contribute to the analysis of the phylogeny they are not inserted on the tree.