Lucanus klapperichi Bomans, 1989

Zhan, Zhihong & Young, Daniel K., 2023, A taxonomic assessment and redefinition of the Lucanus fortunei species group in China (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae), Zoological Systematics 48 (4), pp. 279-360 : 300-303

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11865/zs.2023401
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:46AA3E9C-C065-415D-946B-0813AF169B14
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A51987E0-7F41-FF84-FF02-AF15FE0DFB25
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Lucanus klapperichi Bomans, 1989
status

Treatment

Lucanus klapperichi Bomans, 1989 View in CoL ( Figs 54–61 View Figures 54–61 , 252 View Figures 244–259 , 284 View Figures 276–307 , 314 View Figures 308–323 , 342 View Figures 336–363 , 385–387 View Figures 364–387 , 463 View Figures 457–466 )

Lucanus klapperichi Bomans, 1989: 9–12 View in CoL , figs 1, 15; Schenk, 2009: 4, 6, 11, fig. 1; Huang & Chen, 2010: 54–56, plate 45, figs 1–5.

Material examined. [5♂]: CHINA: Zhejiang Province, Lishui City, Yunhe County, Zhang-Jia-Di // Village, Jingning // [云和县, 张ẋ地, D Ṫ]; Alt. 1200m; 20 July. 2019 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 27.9760°N; 119.3745°E Adult // collected on crown of host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca // (Thunberg) Oersted; [2nd label]: Lucanus // klapperichi // Bomans ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Fujian Province, Sanming City, Dehua County // Lian-Hua-Feng Mt., // [德化县, KAE 峰]; Alt. 1200m; 25 July. 2020 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 28.0946°N; 118.5218°E Adult // collected on crown of host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca // (Thunberg) Oersted; [2nd label]: Lucanus // klapperichi // Bomans ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Guangdong Province, Shaoguan City, Ruyuan County // Nanling National Reserve // [南岭国ẋss然保护区]; Alt. 1250m; 25 June. 2020 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 24.9400°N; 113.0415°E Adult // collected on crown of host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca // (Thunberg) Oersted; [2nd label]: Lucanus // klapperichi // Bomans ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [1♀]: CHINA: Zhejiang Province, Lishui City, Yunhe County, Zhang-Jia-Di // Village, Huangmaojian // [云和县, 张 ẋ地, Hẍ尖]; Alt. 1000m; 20 July. 2019 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 27.9760°N; 119.3745°E Adult // collected on crown of host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca // (Thunberg) Oersted; [2nd label]: Lucanus // klapperichi // Bomans ♀ // det. Z. Zhan.

Body length 24.3–57.4 mm (♂); 23.5 mm (♀).

Description. Major male. Body reddish to black, head, including mandibles, 1.5× width of pronotum and elytra. Head reddish to brownish; mandibles weakly incurved along basal 1/3, straight at midlength and apical 1/4; major inner mandibular tooth located 1/3 distance from apex, pentagonal, protruding forward and inflated on both sides, 3–4 small inner mandibular teeth located below and above major inner mandibular tooth; apical mandibular forks distinctly developed, opened from front, upper branches of apical forks 0.8× length of lower apical fork branches; lateral ridges of head rounded, but more or less angled at posterolateral corners; clypeolabrum weakly developed, trapezoidal, labrum triangular, weakly single-pointed at middle. Pronotum brownish to reddish, always concolorous with head; straight at apex and basal 1/3, well rounded at midlength; 0.4–0.5× width of head and mandibles; prothoracic tibiae bright reddish, bearing five spines from apex to base; mesothoracic tibiae brownish or reddish, each bearing 2–3 simple spines; metathoracic tibiae brownish to reddish, each bearing two small spines. Elytra reddish, color usually significantly brighter than head and pronotum; oval, widest along apical 1/3, strongly narrow along basal 1/3. Median male as major male except: head with major inner mandibular tooth somewhat triangular, weakly inflated on both sides;>4 small, inner mandibular teeth located above major tooth, upper denticles always forming a gap between last small tooth and major tooth. Minor male as major and median males except: head with major inner mandibular tooth weakly developed to absent, if present, single-pointed and not triangular; <5 small inner mandibular teeth located on each side, upper branch subequal in length to that of apical lower branch. Genitalia. Ventral plate of 9th abdominal segment gradually widened from cephalic base to caudal end and not constricted before caudal expansion; basal piece usually well defined, 0.3× length of entire aedeagus; apical flagellum enlarged, flagellum 1.1× length of aedeagus; aedeagus slender, incurved at basal 1/3, rounded at posterolateral corner.

Female. Body dark brownish to reddish, oval, usually smaller than major, median, and minor males. Head brownish to black; surface punctate; mandibles incurved along basal 1/3 and apical 1/3; mandibular tooth weakly developed, asymmetrical; right mandibular tooth triangular, left mandibular smooth; preocular and postocular margins weakly developed, not forming acute angle or protruding apically; clypeolabrum weakly developed, triangular, not single-pointed at middle. Pronotum brownish to reddish; obscurely punctate; prothoracic tibiae reddish, each bearing four spines from apex to midlength; distal two spines strongly developed; prothoracic tibiae 1.3–1.4× width of mesothoracic and metathoracic tibiae; mesothoracic tibiae reddish, bearing two spines at midlength; metathoracic tibiae reddish to brownish, bearing two spines at basal 1/3. Elytra brownish, impunctate, usually concolorous with head and pronotum; oval, widest at apical 1/3, strongly narrow at basal 1/3.

Distribution. China (Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong).

Phenology. Adults were collected from mid-June to early July.

Natural history. Typical host plants of L. klapperichi are Cyclobalanopsis glauca , height around 6– 12 m. Adults longevity is 13–20 days.

Records. Specimens of male L. klapperichi collected from Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi and Hunan were reddish or brownish. Only populations from Guangdong, Nanling Natural Reserve, have a black body color. Interestingly, some other stag beetle species, such as Prosopocoilus doris Kriesche , also share such differ body colors between other localities and the Nanling Natural Reserve.

Collecting methods. Light-trap and net-trap collected.

Lucanus moae Qi, 2021 View in CoL ( Figs 62–69 View Figures 62–69 , 253 View Figures 244–259 , 285 View Figures 276–307 , 315 View Figures 308–323 , 343 View Figures 336–363 , 388–390 View Figures 388–411 , 464 View Figures 457–466 ) Lucanus moae Qi, 2021: 1–7 View in CoL . Material examined. [5♂]: CHINA: Sichuan Province, Liangshan Region // Da-Liang-Shan // [dz山彝Dzss治州, kdz

山]; Alt. 1750m; 26 May. 2021 // Zhihao Qi leg.; [2nd label]: 27.8848°N; 102.2622°E Adult // collected on host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // moae View in CoL // Qi ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [1♀]: Sichuan Province, Liangshan Region // Da-Liang-Shan // [dz山彝Dzss治州, kdz山]; Alt. 1750m; 26 May. 2021 // Zhihao Qi leg.; [2nd label]: 27.8848°N; 102.2622°E Adult // collected on host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // moae View in CoL // Qi ♀ // det. Z. Zhan.

Body length 28.0– 31.8 mm (♂); 25.0 mm (♀).

Description. Major male. Body reddish to black, head including mandibles, 0.9× width of pronotum and elytra. Head reddish to black, surface punctate, with two black spots covering sides of head apically; mandibles weakly incurved at apical 1/3, straight along midlength and outer margins; major inner mandibular teeth located on mandible midlength, single-point protruding and not inflated on each side, 1–2 small inner mandibular teeth located above and below major inner mandibular teeth; apical mandibular forks weakly developed, open anteriorly, upper branches of apical fork subequal in length to those of lower apical fork branches; lateral ridges of head poorly rounded, evenly convex at end of head; clypeolabrum weakly developed, trapezoidal, labrum triangular, single-pointed at middle. Pronotum reddish to black, concolorous with head; straight along apex, well rounded along midlength and basal 1/3; subequal width of head and mandibles; prothoracic tibiae reddish, each bearing four spines from apex to midlength; mesothoracic tibiae reddish to brownish, each bearing two minor spines along midlength; metathoracic tibiae bright reddish, each bearing a single spine on basal 1/3. Prothoracic tibiae stout and straight, not incurved or enlarged at apex. Elytra reddish to black, concolorous with head and pronotum; oval, widest along apical 1/3, weakly narrow along basal 1/3. Median male as major male except: head with major inner mandibular tooth weakly pointed or absent,>2 inner small mandibular teeth located above and below major mandibular tooth. Minor male same as median male. Genitalia. Ventral plate of 9th abdominal segment gradually widened and not constricted before caudal expansion; basal piece usually poorly defined, 0.5× length of aedeagus; apical flagellum enlarged, flagellum 1.2× length of entire aedeagus; aedeagus somewhat stout, incurved at basal 1/3.

Female. Body brownish, stout, oval, significantly smaller than major male. Head brownish; surface punctate; mandibles incurved at basal 1/3 and apical 1/3; mandibular tooth weakly developed, asymmetrical; right mandibular tooth triangular, left mandibular smooth; preocular and postocular margins weakly developed, not forming acute angle, or protruding apically; clypeolabrum weakly developed, single-pointed at middle. Pronotum brownish; obscurely punctate, apical pronotum subequal in width to that of posterolateral pronotum; prothoracic tibiae black, each bearing four minor spines from apex to midlength; distal two spines strongly developed, forming a gap between spines 3 and 4; prothoracic tibiae 1.3× width of mesothoracic and metathoracic tibiae; mesothoracic tibiae black, bearing two spines at midlength; metathoracic tibiae black, bearing a single spine at basal 1/3. Elytra black, smooth, metallic, impunctate, concolorous with head and pronotum; oval, widest along apical 1/3, poorly narrow along basal 1/3.

Distribution. China (Sichuan (Da-Liang-Shan)).

Phenology. Adult specimens of L. moae were collected from mid-May.

Natural history. Typical host plants of L. moae are still unknown. Adult longevity is 10–20 days.

Collecting methods. Hand collected.

Remarks. For this research, only six adult specimens were collected from Da-Liang-Shan Mt., Sichuan Province by Zhihao Qi. Based on the current morphological study, males of L. moae seem to be more closely related to the Lucanus brivioi species group (see below). However, as females of L. moae still fall into the definition of the Lucanus fortunei species group, and the number of specimens is limited (fewer than 10), L. moae is provisionally considered as a member of the Lucanus fortunei species group.