Liogenys suturalis (Blanchard, 1851)

Cherman, Mariana Alejandra, Mise, Kleber Makoto, Moron †, Miguel Angel, Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z. & Almeida, Lucia Massutti de, 2017, A taxonomic revision of Liogenys occurring in Brazil with an interactive key and remarks on New World Diplotaxini (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae), ZooKeys 699, pp. 1-120 : 61-64

Liogenys suturalis (Blanchard, 1851) Figs 74, 92

Hilarianus suturalis Blanchard, 1851: 169 (orig. desc.); Lacordaire 1856: 270 (sys.); Harold 1869a: 1141 (check.); Dalla Torre 1913: 319 (check.); Blackwelder 1944: 228 (check.).

Liogenys suturalis : Frey 1969: 40, 55 (key, n. comb.); Evans 2003: 214 (check.); Evans and Smith 2005: 178 (check.); Evans and Smith 2009: 182 (check.)

Type material.

Hilarianus suturalis female syntype (MNHN): [light green printed] “MUSÉUM PÁRIS / Bresil/deCastelnau", [red printed] “SYNTYPE”, [green handwritten] " H. suturalis / Cat Mus/ Minas-Geraes ( Brésil)/ M. de Castelnau". This type is here designated the lectotype [white, outlined in red, printed] "LECTOTYPE/ Hilarianus suturalis /Blanchard, 1851/des. M. A. Cherman 2014". Female syntype (MNHN): [white handwritten] “1859/34”, [white handwritten] “2860”, [light green printed] “MUSÉUM PÁRIS / [handwritten] Santa-Cruz/ d’Orbigny”, [red printed] “SYNTYPE”, [green handwritten] " H. suturalis / Cat Mus/ Santa-Cruz (Bolivie)/ M. D’Orbigny”. This type is here designated the paralectotype [white, outlined in red, printed] "PARALECTOTYPE / Hilarianus suturalis /Blanchard, 1851/des. M. A. Cherman 2014".

Non-type material.

BRAZIL. GO: Edéia, 14/X/2003, R. B. da Costa col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Goiania, X/2012, Tissiane Col., 2 ex. (CEMT); DF: Brasília, "Lago Norte", 15°45'42.63"S, 47°50'5.8"W, XII/2009, 1023 m, Nunes col., 6 ex. (CEMT); Planaltina, 15°36'16"S, 47°44'16"W, 3/XI/2006, C. Oliveira col., 5 ex. (CEMT); MT: Rosário Oeste, XI/1976, A. Maller col., 2 ex. (MNRJ); Córrego Brigadeiro [ Figueirópolis D’Oeste], 15°30'S, 58°43'W, 29/IX/1984, Binda col., 7 ex. (INPA); 29/IX/1984, Marcolino col., 1 ex. (CEMT); BR 270 km 140 [near Rondonópolis], 27/IX/1984, Binda col., 1 ex. (INPA); Chapada dos Guimarães, 23/X/2011, Tassinari col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Cuiabá, without date and collector, 1 ex.; 24/VIII/1993, Pinto Col., 1 ex.; 20/VI/2010, Rabello col., 1 ex.; 13/XI/2012, Jacobina col., 1 ex.; 3/X/1988, Silva col., 1 ex.; 9/IX/1990, Netto col., 1 ex.; 21/V/1986, Costa col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Poconé, 15/IV/2009, Abreu col., 1 ex.; 9/XI/2002, without collector, 1 ex.; 21/XI/2003, without collector, 1 ex. (CEMT); Varzea Grande, 13/XI/1993, Paula col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Campo Verde, "Rio Engano", 14/X/2012, Pena and Pena cols., 1 ex. (CEMT); Barra do Bugre, 7/XI/1993, Serrano col., 1 ex. (CEMT); MS: Campo Grande, X/1947, A. Maller col., 2 ex. (AMNH); Porto Murtinho, XI/1929, W. Mehr col., 14 ex. (MNRJ); Dourados, 22°13'44.26"S, 54°49'48,18"W, 15/VIII/2010, 429 m, Simioni col. 1 ex.; "Faz. Coqueiro Azulão”, 22°14'28"S, 54°55'08"W, 12/IV/2012, D. G. Ribeiro col., 1 ex.; “UFGD”, 22°11'38,7"S, 54°55'16"W, 9/V/2012, D. G. Ribeiro col., 1 ex. (MuBio); 26/XI/2012, F. Vaz-de-Mello col., 3 ex. (CEMT); Nova Andradina, "Usina Santa Helena", 21°59'32"S, 53°26'28"W, 18/X/2012, 360 m, G. Coutinho col., 4 ex. (CEMT); Rio Brilhante, 21-28/X/1970, V. O. Becker col., 3 ex. (DZUP); Bonito, 21°07'44"S, 56°28'46"W, 19/XII/2010, F. Vaz-de-Mello col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Rio Verde [Rio Verde do Mato Grosso], XI/1959, 400 m, without collector, 2 ex.; X/1966, A. Maller col., 1 ex. (DZUP); BA: Encruzilhada, 15°31'42,3"S, 40°57'52,1"W, 16/XII/2012, 780 m, Rafael and Grossi col., 1 ex.; 15°34'35"S, 40°56'51"W, 16/XII/2012, 850 m, Rafael and Grossi col., 1 ex. (INPA); XI/1975, without collector, 4 ex. (MNRJ); "Estr. SE", 16/XII/2012, P. Grossi col., 4 ex. (EPGC); MG: Aguas vermelhas, XII/1997, Vaz-de-Mello and Bello cols., 2 ex. (CEMT); 12/XII/2012, P Grossi col., 14 ex. (EPGC); (1) São Roque de Minas, "Serra da Canastra, Sede Jaguaré”, 20°15'17"S, 46°25'11"W, 2/XI/2007, Souza col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Lavras, 9/X/2001, Vieira col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Uberaba, X/1961, D. Elias col., 15 ex. (DZUP); Uberlândia, 21/X/1974, H.N. Espínola col., 2 ex. (DZUP); Ibiá, 20/X/1965, C.T. and C. Elias col., 1 ex. (DZUP); SP: Pontal, 23/X/1984, Osman Dermeka col., 4 ex. (DZUP); Descalvado, "Faz. Itaunas", 27/IX/2007, N. W. Perioto col., 2 ex.; 6/X/2006, N. W. Perioto col., 2 ex.; 17/XII/2007, N. W. Perioto col., 1 ex.; 5/XI/2007, N. W. Perioto col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Neves Paulista, 9/VII/2009, Fanti col., 1 ex. (CEMT); Palmital, "Faz. São Sebastião”, 12/X2010, Callil col., 18 ex. (CEMT); Batatais, 31/X/1969, L. C. Silva col., 1 ex.(DZUP); Ribeirão Preto, 31/X/1973, Pe. Moure col., 1 ex. (DZUP); PR: Porecatu, 20/X/1970, Becker-Hastchback col., 1 ex. (DZUP). BOLIVIA. SC: Comarapa, "Aserradero La forestal", 9/XI/1987, D. Salvatierra col., 1 ex. (AMNH); Parapeti, I/1960, A. Martinez col., 1 ex. (CMNC); Camiri, 12/XI/1946, Maldonado col., 1 ex. (1) (ZMNC); CB: Cochabamba, without date, Zischka col., 1 ex. (CMNC). PARAGUAY. Without date, Zikan col., 1 ex. (CEIOC); without locality, date and collector, 10 ex.; "camino vogt", without date, Heys col., 1 ex. (SDEI); CN: San Carlos del Apa, 22°14'04"S, 57°17'48"W, 30/X/2002, B. Garcete col., 2 ex. (CEMT); AS: Asunción, XI/1944, Mis. Cient. Brasil col., 3 ex. (CEIOC); IT: Coronel Bogado, 27°10'12"S 56°15'0"W, I/1944, A. Martinez col., 1 ex. (CEIOC); GU: Villarica, XII/1928, Schade col., 3 ex. (CEIOC). ARGENTINA. SA: El Naranjo, II/1944, A. Martinez col., 2 ex.; Parque Nacional El Rey, 15/XII/1987, 890 mm Peck col., 2 ex.; Tartagal, XI/1944, Duret and Martinez cols., 4 ex. (CMNC); Cafayate, 26°03'52"S, 65°56'19"W, 24/XI/2006, Ocampo, Ruiz, San Blas, Salazar cols., 3 ex. (IADIZA); JU: XI/1947, without collector, 2 ex. (DZUP); without date, Bruch col., 2 ex. (ZMHB); Marta [?], XI/1946, Duret col., 1 ex. (CMNC); FO: Laguna Yema, 24°19'54"S, 61°17'37,73"W, 11/XII/2008, 161 m, Ocampo, San Blas, Campon cols., 2 ex. (IADIZA); CH: XI/1945, A. Martinez col., 1 ex. (CMNC); CO: El Diquecito, I/1976, A. Martinez col., 2 ex.; San Javier, II/1946, Monros col., 1 ex.; Calamuchita, "La Granadilla", I/1974, A. Martinez col., 1 ex. (CMNC); Lozada, XI/2006, P. Fichetti col., 3 ex. (IADIZA); "Cordova, Pampas", without date and collector, 1 ex. (MNHN); SL: Luján, I/2010, M. A. Cherman col., 3 ex. (DZUP).

Diagnosis.

Body brownish, elongate; elytra dull yellow, pruinose, opaque; pronotum reddish brown, shiny; clypeal emargination shallow, rounded and wide; outer sides of anterior teeth follow the lateral margin of clypeus, sub-parallel in females; lateral margin straight, slightly convex in females; pronotal posterior corners sharp, obtuse-angled; meso- and metepisternum, sides of metasternum and metacoxae scaly; mesotibia sub-quadrate in cross section; pygidium flat, pygidial disc bristled throughout, coarsely punctured; in males total length of parameres near five times the length of their apex; inner margins straight, slightly divergent; apex harpoon-like with lateral angle curved projecting almost perpendicular to parameres (Fig. 74F).

Redescription.

Length: 13.5-15.0 mm; width: 6.7-7.6 mm. Reddish brown and elytra dull yellow. Head: distance between eyes nearly twice the width of one eye, more than twice in females; frons equal in length to clypeus; clypeal emargination rounded, shallow and wide; outer sides of anterior teeth follow the lateral margin of clypeus in males, sub-parallel in females; clypeal lateral margin straight, slightly convex in females; outer margin of anterior tooth shorter than one eye; canthus not exceeding the outer margin of the eye; distal maxillary palpomere, maximum width twice width of apex; fovea deep, extending to the transverse midline of the palpomere; labium transversely carinated, as wide as it is long; antenna 10-articulated, lamellae lighter in color and longer than flagellum. Thorax: anterior margin of pronotum straight; maximum length of pronotum exceeding the length of tarsomeres I, II and III together; disc glabrous, punctures fine and dense, coarser in females; pronotal posterior corners sharp, obtuse-angled; proepisternum with long bristles; meso- and metepisternum, and sides of metasternum scaly, metasternum with few long bristles on the anterior margin; distance between meso- and metacoxae up to twice longer than the metacoxa; scutellum ogival, coarsely punctured. Elytra: glabrous, dull yellow, darker at the base, pruinose; elytra more than three times longer than the pronotum; elytral suture slightly darker than elytron and distinctly elevated; pair of inner ridges more noticeable than the three outer pairs. Legs: procoxa scaly on infra-carinal and outer surface; punctures visible at 12 × magnification; three protibial teeth, middle and apical equal in size, the three teeth equally spaced; protibial inner apical spur present; mesofemural disc setose, with a row of long bristles on anterior and posterior margins; mesotibia sub-quadrate in cross section; disc coarsely sculptured; mesotibial apical transverse carina may vary from partial to complete, in females always complete; basal apophysis of metacoxa produced beyond the outer margin of trochanter; metatibia with posterior discontinuous longitudinal carina; metatibial apical spurs equal in length, length equal to the diameter of the tibial apex; inner margin of male metatibia carinated towards apex, apical inner surface setose; metatibial disc coarsely sculptured; two metatibial transverse carinae present posteriorly; basal metatarsomere and tarsomere II equal in size; in males protarsomere II long; pro- and mesotarsomeres I to IV enlarged, protarsomeres slightly wider than the mesotarsomeres, twice as wide as metatarsi; claw bifid, symmetrical, superior tooth longer and as wide as the inferior; distance between teeth as long as the inferior tooth. Abdomen: band of scales visible at the lowest magnification beneath the outer margin of elytra; disc of ventrites bearing sparse short bristles; propygidium visible, with scarce scales; pygidium generally flat, sub-quadrate, as wide as it is long; pygidial width not exceeding distance between spiracles of propygidium; pygidial disc bristled throughout, coarsely punctured; pygidial apex sub-quadrate, more rounded in females. Parameres: basal region slightly narrower than the width of the parameres together at its transverse midline, parameral split at 2/3; total length of parameres near five times the length of their apex; inner margins straight, slightly divergent; apex harpoon-like with lateral angle curved projecting almost perpendicular to parameres (Fig. 74F). In lateral view parameres straight not coplanar with basal region (Fig. 74G).

Type-locality.

BRAZIL. Minas Gerais.

Geographical distribution.

BRAZIL (GO, DF, MT, MS, BA, MG, SP, PR); BOLIVIA (CB, SC); PARAGUAY (CN, AS, IT, GU); ARGENTINA (SA, JU, FO, CH, CO, SL).

Remarks.

Liogenys suturalis together with L. opacipennis Frey, 1969 and L. rectangula Frey, 1969, are the only Liogenys species with body brownish and elytra opaque dull yellow. Liogenys suturalis is a closely related lineage to the clade L. elegans + ( L. tibialis + L. punctaticollis + L. spiniventris + L. testaceipennis ) ( Cherman et al. 2016), and differs from them mainly in the elytra pruinose and the abundant scales covering the pro-, meso- and metasternum laterally.