Limnophila (Limnophila) japonica Alexander, 1913

Podenas, Sigitas & Byun, Sun-Jae Park and Hye-Woo, 2022, Limnophila crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea, Journal of Species Research 11 (2), pp. 117-127 : 121-122

Limnophila (Limnophila) japonica Alexander, 1913

Limnophila (Poecilostola) japonica Alexander, 1913: 316 , 317.

Limnophila (Limnophila) japonica Savchenko, Krivolutskaya, 1976: 65 ; Savchenko, 1989: 92.

General. Body coloration: thorax dark gray, abdomen dorsally brown, ventrally obscure yellow, dusted with gray. Male body length 9.0-12.0 mm, female 12.5-15.2 mm, male wing length 10.5-12.5 mm, female 9.7-14.5 mm.

Head: Dark gray, narrowly light gray along eye margin, sparsely covered with dark brown erect setae, longer ventrally, shorter dorsally. Vertex with low and wide, laterally dark brown tubercle. Eyes widely separated in both sexes, distance between them at base of antennae slightly less than length of scape. Antenna ( Fig. 1A ) 2.0- 2.3 mm long in male, 2.2-2.5 mm in female, reaching to frontal margin of prescutum if bent backwards. Antennal scape long cylindrical, dark brown to blackish, sparsely dusted with gray and few semi-erect blackish setae. Pedicel dark brown, twice as short as scape. Basal flagellomere yellow at base, brownish distally, remainder of flagellum dark brown. Flagellomeres covered with short dense whitish pubescence, longest verticils nearly twice as long as respective segments. 2-4 flagellomeres slightly dilated ventrally. Apical segment slightly exceeds preceding segment in length. Rostrum blackish, sparsely dusted with gray. Palpus dark brown, dusted with gray, mouth parts blackish.

Thorax: Cervical sclerites dark brown to black, densely dusted with gray. Pronotum dark brown dusted with gray. Mesonotal prescutum lead-gray, laterally light gray, with four indistinct longitudinal stripes. Tubercular pits small but distinct, black, drop-shaped, pseudosutural fovea distinct, brown. Scutal lobe light gray because of dense pruinosity, darker frontally. Scutellum light gray. Mediotergite blackish frontally, light gray posteriorly. Dorsopleural membrane dark brown. Pleuron gray, sparsely variegated with darker areas where the bloom has been denuded, katepisternum setosless. Wing ( Fig. 1B ) slightly iridescent with brownish tinge and abundant small spots covering whole wing area; cross-veins surrounded by darker; larger spots at base of radial sector, at tip of Sc, at arculus and in the middle between arculus and base of Rs. Stigma yellowish with small dark spots at free end of R 1 and R 2. Veins brown, yellowish at wing base. Venation: Sc long, reaching wing margin slightly beyond branching point of Rs, sc-r beyond tip of Sc. Rs long, arched and sometimes short-spurred at base. Free end of R 1 very short, just slightly exceeds length of R 2. R 3 and R 4 slightly diverging towards wing margin, cell r 3 with short stem, which is

D

approximately as long as free end of R 1. Cross-vein r-m distinct, at base of discal cell. Discal cell 1.6 times as long as wide. Cell m 1 long, slightly longer than stem. Cross-vein m-cu at middle length of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly arched at wing margin, apex reaching wing margin at the level of Rs base. Anal angle long and narrow, widely rounded. Length of male halter 1.5-1.7 mm, female 1.5- 1.9 mm, stem pale brown, reddish at base, knob blackened. Coxae reddish dark brown, dusted with gray and sparsely covered with long yellowish setae. Trochanters brownish yellow with blackened ventro-posterior margin, sparsely dusted with gray. Femur yellow with dark brown apical ring. Tibia brownish with narrowly dark brown apex. Tarsomeres dark brown with base of first tarsomere light brown. Tibia of foreleg with single apical spur, tibiae of middle and hind pairs of legs with two apical spurs each. Male femur I: 6.5-7.8 mm long, II: 7.3-7.5 mm, III: 8.2- 8.5 mm, tibia I: 7.8-8.3 mm, II: 7.5-7.8 mm, III: 9.0- 9.5 mm, tarsus I: 7.5-8.2 mm, II: 6.5-6.8 mm, III: 5.8-6.5 mm. Female femur I: 6.0-7.0 mm long, II: 6.7-7.0 mm, III: 7.8-8.5 mm, tibia I: 7.0-9.0 mm, II: 7.4-7.5 mm, III: 8.7-9.4 mm, tarsus I: 7.0-8.0 mm, II: 6.5-7.0 mm, III: 5.5-5.7 mm. Claw simple, spineless.

Abdomen: Abdominal tergites grayish brown, yellowish laterally and at base, sparsely setose. Basal tergite gray. Tergites with two pairs of transverse sutures. Sternites grayish yellow, brownish laterally and posteriorly. Male terminalia ( Fig. 1C ) brownish yellow. Ninth tergite wider than longer, posterior margin with two medially curved lobes. Gonocoxite oval, simple, without additional lobes or spines. Outer gonostylus setose, spindle-shaped with slightly darkened and arched point-apexed tip. Inner gonostylus wide, fleshy and setose at base, distal part slightly extended and arched, blunt-apexed; small bump covered with long setae on dorsal surface. Paramere long rod-shaped, strongly curved medially. Aedeagus long, strongly arched, apex curved downwards. Ovipositor ( Fig. 1D ) very long and narrow, yellowish brown. Tenth tergite elongate, grayish-yellow, cercus very long and narrow, slightly arched towards distal end, darker at base, yellow at tip, round-apexed. Hypovalva long, straight and narrow, with long parallel setae distally along dorsal margin.

Elevation range in Korea. From sea level to 550 m.

Period of activity in Korea. Probably two generations a year, one lasts from late April through middle of June, some adults are also observed flying in late August.

Habitat. Mixed forest and shrubs covering slopes to the mountainous stream, spring margins.

General distribution. Japan and Russian Far East.

Examined material ( Fig. 4A ). 1 male (pinned), S. Korea, #3, 7 miles West of Chungju , 1954.04.27, coll. G.W. Byers ( USNM) ; 2 males (pinned), S. Korea, #14, Oho-ri , east coast, alt. 10-50 ft. [3-15 m], 128°30′E, 38°20′N, 1954.06.11, coll. G.W. Byers ( SMEC, USNM) ; 5 males (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollabuk-do, Namwon, Unbongeup, Hwasu-ri , N35.45098, E127.57596, alt. 509 m, 2013.05.06 (1), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 2 males (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollabuk-do, Namwon, Sannae-myeon, Ipseok-ri , N35.41021, E127.64735, alt. 319 m, 2013.05.11 (1), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 1 male (pinned), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.26590, E127.58096, alt. 446 m, 2014.08.24 (1), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 2 males, 1 female (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gyeongsangnam-do, Masanhappo-gu, Jindong-myeon, Dagu-ri , N35.11309, E128.53067, 2014. 08.31 (2), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 1 male (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.26590, E127.58096, alt. 446 m, 2015.04.28 (1), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 5 males (in ethanol), 1 female (pinned), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol valley , N35.25257, E127.58981, alt. 304 m, 2015.04.28 (2), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 2 males (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.25257, E127.58981, alt. 304 m, 2015.04.29 (1), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 1 male (in ethanol), 1 male, 3 females (pinned), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.27177, E127.57146, alt. 490 m, 2015.05.02 (1), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 2 females (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.25825, E127.58208, alt. 310 m, 2015.05.02 (2), S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 4 males, 2 females (in ethanol), 1 male (pinned), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.25257, E127.58981, alt. 304 m, 2015.05.02 (3), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 2 males, 1 female (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.27333, E127.56924, alt. 546 m, 2016.06.03 (3), S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 1 female (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.26586, E127.58090, alt. 448 m, 2016.06.03 (4), coll. S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 2 males, 2 females (pinned), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Piagol Valley , N35.27333, E127.56924, alt. 546 m, 2016.06.04 (3), S. Podenas ( NIBR) ; 5 males (in ethanol), 3 males (pinned), S. Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Gunpo-si, Suridong , N37.35022, E126.91527, alt. 138 m, 2017.05.27 (1), S. Podenas ( NIBR) . Also compared with: metatype , 1 male (antenna, wing, leg and genitalia slide mounted), Japan, Shikoku, Ojoin-mura, Iyo , IV-14-1949, M. Miyatake ( USNM) .

Figures

Fig. 1. Limnophila (Limnophila) japonica Alexander, 1913. A. an- tenna. B. wing. C. male genitalia, dorsal view. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5mm.

Fig. 4. Distribution maps of Korean Limnophila(Limnophila) crane flies.A. L. (L.) japonica. B. L. (L.) pictipennis. C. L.(L.) politostriata.