Leptohyphes calarca Molineri, Zúñiga & Ramos, 2016

Molineri, Carlos, Zúñiga, María del Carmen, Ramos, Blanca C., Giraldo, Lina P. & Cardona, William, 2016, Three new species of Leptohyphes Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae) from Colombia, Iheringia, Série Zoologia (e 2016024) 106, pp. 1-12 : 5-7

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1590/1678-4766e2016024
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10630035
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D387A1-2C57-FFC9-6C49-FF5DFD549935
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Leptohyphes calarca Molineri, Zúñiga & Ramos
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Leptohyphes calarca Molineri, Zúñiga & Ramos sp. nov.

( Figs 2 View Figs 1-3 , 6-7 View Figs 4-9 , 16-20 View Figs 10-20 )

LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6A6C9D87-ED48-4339- 89C7-5F89667B15B3

Type material. Holotype ♀ mature nymph (parts on slide) from COLOMBIA, Quindío, Calarcá, Natural Reserve La Sonadora, No 1 creek, tributary of the La Sonadora creek , Verde river basin, 3076 m, 04°25’56.4”N, 75°37’29.4”W, microhabitat: cobble and gravel mixture, 6.VIII.2010, A. Villarreal col. (MUSENUV) GoogleMaps . Paratypes: 2♀ nymphs, the same information except microhabitat: sandy, 15.I.2010 (IBN) ; 1♀ nymph, the same date except, No 2 creek, 3000 m, 04°26’1.9”N, 75°37’30.1”W, microhabitat: cobble and gravel mixture 10.IX.2010 (IBN); GoogleMaps 1 nymph, the same information except No 3 creek, tributary of the La Sonadora creek, Verde river basin, 2900 m, 04°25’37.3”N, 75°36’40.3”W, microhabitat: cobble and gravel mixture, 8.X.2010 (MUSENUV) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ mature nymph, the same data except, La Sonadora creek , 2800m, 04°26’37.2”N, 75°37’46.5”W, microhabitat: cobble and gravel mixture, 5.XII.2010 (MUSENUV) GoogleMaps ; 3♀ nymphs, the same information except, El Cedral creek , 2915 m, 04°25’27.6”N, 75°36’36.1”W, microhabitat: cobble and gravel mixture, 11.XI.2010 (MUSENUV) GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. 1) large size, without tubercles on its pilose body ( Figs 2 View Figs 1-3 , 6-7 View Figs 4-9 ); 2) fore femur slender, length/ maximum width = 2.3 ( Fig. 18 View Figs 10-20 ); 3) fore margin of middle and hind femora without spine-like setae (but with many small curved setae), hind margin with ca. 40 medium-sized spatulate setae, elevated sockets absent or vestigial ( Fig. 16 View Figs 10-20 ); 4) tarsal claws denticulation 5+1 ( Fig. 17 View Figs 10-20 ); 5) pronotum strongly projected laterally ( Fig. 6 View Figs 4-9 ); 6) fore wingbuds blackish ( Fig. 2 View Figs 1-3 ) (before folding in mature nymphs), hind wing pads present in females; 7) gill formula 3/4/4/3/1, gill V with ventral extension on dorsal lamella; 8) without strong setae on abdominal terga ( Fig. 7 View Figs 4-9 ).

Description. Nymph. Length of female (mm, not fully mature): body, 7.0; hind femur, 1.7; caudal filaments, 5.5 (cercus)-6.8 (terminal filament). General coloration yellowish brown, with gray markings ( Figs 2 View Figs 1-3 , 6-7 View Figs 4-9 ). Head yellowish with a blackish transverse band between eyes along the epicranial suture; occiput with small gray marks as in Fig. 6 View Figs 4-9 , posterior margin with a thin blackish line. Antennae whitish. Thorax: pronotum with large rounded anterolateral projection and pronounced constriction posteriorly, with gray markings as in figure ( Fig. 6 View Figs 4-9 ). Mesonotum with blunt anterolateral projections, and with gray markings as in Fig. 2 View Figs 1-3 ; fore wingbuds black. Hind wing pad present in female. Thoracic sterna paler than terga, shaded with gray medially. Legs yellowish, shaded with gray on coxae, femora (except mediolongitudinal pale line), and base of tibia; legs almost completely covered by dark thick and short setae ( Fig. 7 View Figs 4-9 ), except for bare mediolongitudinal dorsal line on femora. Foreleg ( Fig. 18 View Figs 10-20 ): femur slender, becoming wider apically, ratio length/maximum width 2.3; transversal row at 0.4 from base to apex, with 25 stout spatulate spine-like setae; fore margin with spine-like setae, hind margin with spine-like setae (on elevated sockets) distally to transversal row; small inner projection on apex of femur. Tibia subequal in length to femur with spatulate setae along inner margin. Tarsus 0.4 the length of tibia with row of setae in inner margin; tarsal claw with 5 +1 denticles ( Fig. 17 View Figs 10-20 ). Middle and hind legs ( Fig. 16 View Figs 10-20 ) similar except for the size; hind femur becaming wider apically, ratio length/maximum width 2.4, with double row of spine-like setae on fore margin, hind margin with 39 spine-like setae on elevated sockets; projections on inner apex of femur small. Tibia wide, 1.2 the length of femur, with dorsal ridge, inner and outer margin row of large spatulate setae ( Fig. 16 View Figs 10-20 ). Tarsus 0.3 the length of femur, inner margin with setae, tarsal claw as in foreleg. Abdomen. Terga brownish, shaded uniformly with gray; few spatulate setae present on lateral areas of segments III-VII. Lateral margins of segments III– VI expanded forming flanges; relatively short posterolateral spines on segments VII–IX. Abdominal sterna shaded slightly with gray. Sternum IX with distal V-shaped indentation (female). Gills: operculate gill on segment II whitish, shaded with brown on basal half, ventrally with curved “basal spine” and two lamellae ( Fig. 19 View Figs 10-20 ); other gills whitish ( Fig. 20 View Figs 10-20 ). Gill formula 3/4/4/3/1. Caudal filaments yellowish with few short and blunt brownish spines.

Adults. Unknown. The wing membrane is surely tinged with gray or black because of the pigments shown in the nymphal wing buds.

Etymology. Calarcá is the name of the municipality where the nymphs were collected; the name refers to the legendary Cacique Calarcá, from an ethnic group known as Pijaos who occupied the Colombian central Andean region.

Distribution ( Fig. 29 View Figs 28-29 ). Colombia, Quindío (high Central Andes).

Discussion. The large size and pilose legs resembles L. quimbaya , but L. calarca is even larger and hair-like setae on the head, thorax and abdomen are lacking. Other important differences include the larger and rounded anterolateral projection on pronotum, the blackish wing buds and the presence of subapical submarginal denticle in tarsal claws of L. calarca .

Ecological notes. Known locality records of this species are from La Sonadora Natural Reserve, on the eastern slope of the Central Cordillera, Quindío (Calarcá and Córdoba municipalities). They were found between 2800 and 3100 m. The region present 2000-4000 mm of annual rainfall and temperatures ranging 9-16°C ( BAQUERO et al., 2010), with constant winds and fog. The area corresponds to Montane Humid Forest in HOLDRIDGE’s (1987) classification. Streams are small, low-order reaches located in the high microbasin of La Sonadora and draining to the Verde river basin. They flow through a scarped terrain, with high slopes and falls of 3 to 15 m high, with well-preserved dense marginal vegetation cover. The streams presented a depth of 18-35 cm, channel with of 130-270 cm, and velocity of 0.15-0.50 m /s. Bed substrate is muddy with high levels of leaves and other decomposing organic material, but sandy and stony substrate is present also in some creeks, but in a lower proportion.