Leptocereus undulosus (DC.) D. Barrios & Majure, Plant Syst. Evol. 306: 12. 2020.

Majure, Lucas C., Encarnacion, Yuley, Clase, Teodoro, Peguero, Brigido, Ho, Kelly & Barrios, Duniel, 2021, Phylogenetics of Leptocereus (Cactaceae) on Hispaniola: clarifying species limits in the L. weingartianus complex and a new species from the Sierra de Bahoruco, PhytoKeys 172, pp. 17-37 : 17

4. Leptocereus undulosus (DC.) D. Barrios & Majure, Plant Syst. Evol. 306: 12. 2020. Figs 7 , 8

Cereus undulosus DC., Prod. Syst. Nat. 3: 467. 1828. Dendrocereus undulosus (DC.) Britton & Rose, J. New York Bot. Gard. 26(310): 220. 1925. Acanthocereus undulosus (DC.) Croizat, Caldasia 2: 137. 1943.

Lectotype.

(designated by Barrios et al. 2020): illustration in Plumier, Plantarum americanarum fasc. 8. 187. t. 194. 1758. Epitype. (designated by Barrios et al. 2020): Haiti, Jean Rabel Rd., vicinity of Cabaret, Baie des Moustiques, plain west of Cabaret, 12-18 Jan 1929, E.C. Leonard & G.M. Leonard 12085 (NY 03305544!).

Notes.

Although several authors have suggested that L. undulosus may be conspecific with L. nudiflorus of Cuba ( Anderson 2001, Hunt et al. 2006), Barrios et al. (2020) showed that the two taxa were sister to one another and likewise were genetically divergent; however, they only sampled one accession of L. undulosus . We reaffirm that relationship here with one more sample of L. undulosus included in our phylogenetic analysis from a population near Barahona, east of the previous accession used in Barrios et al. (2020) from Parque Nacional Jaragua. Both samples form a strongly supported clade, sister to L. nudiflorus . More detailed morphological studies are necessary across the populations of L. undulosus on Hispaniola. Considering the distance between populations of the two (Cuba vs. Hispaniola), it is very likely that they are reproductively isolated. Thus, there seems to be no reason to consider these two taxa as conspecific. We anticipate that further morphological and genetic study will provide further support for the recognition of these two species.

Although not represented in our distribution map of L. undulosus , as there are no collections from that site, Île de la Tortue likely represents one of the larger populations of the species on Hispaniola (Peguero pers. obsv.). This reiterates the extensive fieldwork that still needs to be carried out to fully document populations of species of cacti with herbarium specimens from across the island. Cacti are often uncommonly collected because of the difficulty in preparing specimens, and thus, are generally poorly represented in herbaria ( Majure et al. 2017).

Additional specimens examined.

Dominican Republic. Prov. La Altagracia. 500 m al sur del cruce hacia Bayahibe en la carretera al Parque Nacional del Este, 60 m, 22 mayo 1986, García & Pimentel 1051 (JBSD). Prov. Barahona. Sierra de Bahoruco, a lo largo de Carretera 44, ca. 0.8 km al norte de Playa Azul, 13 mayo 2019, Majure 7812 (FLAS, JBSD). Prov. Pedernales. Entre Pedernales y Oviedo, 150 m, 24-27 jun 1975, Liogier & Liogier 23339 (JBSD). Oviedo, Paraje Tres Charcos, Parque Nacional Jaragua, área de sisal, 138 m, 3 feb 2016, Majure 5974 (DES, FLAS, JBSD). Oviedo, Parque Nacional Jaragua, al suroeste de Manuel Goya y Carretera 44, Lugar denominado "Los Sisales", cerca 14.6 km al oeste de Oviedo, 245 m, 16 nov 2016, Majure 6586 (DES, JBSD). En la carretera hacia Las Mercedes, desde Pedernales a 2.5 km del cruce, 1 mayo 1998, Villardebó s.n. (JBSD). Haiti. Dept. de l’Ouest. Massif de la Selle, group Morne des Commissaires, Anses-a-Pitre, limestone cliff at Río Pedernales, on the road to Banane, 25 Oct 1926, Ekman H6730 (NY). Place de la Paix, Port au Prince, no date, Buch? (NY). Dept. de Nord-Ouest. Coastal terrace between Mole St. Nicholas and Jean Rabel, 19 Jan 1995, Areces 6790 (S). Between Port-des-Paix and Moustique, 1924, Buch s.n. (NY).

Figures

Figure 7. Photographic plate of L. undulosus A large tree of L. undulosus erupting from surrounding tropical dry forest B small individual of L. undulosus with T. Clase for reference C fruit and three-angled stem D large, woody trunk (ca.> 64 cm dbh). A from Majure 7812 B, D from Majure. 6586 and C from Majure 5974. Photos by L. C. Majure.

Figure 8. Distribution map of L. undulosus (black circles) and L. weingartianus (black stars) on Hispaniola.