Lepidocyrtus labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana, 2021

Baquero, Enrique, Jordana, Rafael & Ortuño, Vicente M., 2021, Distinctive Collembola Communities in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum: Entomobryomorpha of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Central Spain), Zoosystema 43 (3), pp. 37-78 : 57-60

Lepidocyrtus labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana n. sp.

( Figs 8C, D ; 11 ; 12 ; 13 ; Table 5 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2D7EB763-FBF6-4CE1-89E1-350695051356

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Spain • ♀; Segovia , Sierra de Guadarrama , Montes Carpetanos, Majada Aranjuez (Northwest); 30T 4190 45231; 2071 m a.s.l.; 17.XI.2015; Ortuño et al. leg.; pitfall SSD (since 2.VI.2015); MZNA SSD-8 (slide 04).

Paratypes. Spain • 5 specimens on slide and 70 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-6 , slides 05 and 11; Ortuño et al. leg.; MZNA • 6 specimens; SSD-7 , slide 09; same data; MZNA • 11 specimens on slide and 20 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-9 , slide 06; same data; MZNA • 1 specimen; SSD-29 , slide 08; same data; MZNA • 10 specimens in ethyl alcohol; SSD-6 ; same data; MNHN .

TYPE LOCALITY. — Spain, Segovia, Sierra de Guadarrama, Montes Carpetanos, Majada Aranjuez (Northwest); 30 T 4190 45231; 2071 m a.s.l.

ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet “ labyrinthus ” (of the labyrinth), refers to the presence of this species in the underground crack network of the mesovoid shallow substratum.

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL. — Sierra de Guadarrama, Segovia; Ortuño et al. leg.; MZNA • 13 specimens; SSD-1 (0.5 m depth), slides 06, 07; same data; MZNA • 9 specimens; SSD-1 (1 m depth), slides 06, 09 and 10; same data; MZNA • 6 specimens; SSD-2 (0.5 m depth), slides 08, 09; same data; MZNA • 2 specimens on slide and 23 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-2 (1 m depth), slide 16; same data; MZNA • 3 specimens; SSD-3 (1 m depth), slide 01; same data; MZNA • 1 specimen; SSD-16 , slide 12; same data; MZNA • 1 specimen; SSD-22 , slide 06; Madrid; same data; MZNA • 1 specimen; SSD-12 , slide 11; same data; MZNA • 3 specimens; SSD-13 , slide 05; same data; MZNA • 1 specimen; SSD-15 , slide 07; same data; MZNA • 12 specimens on slide and 30 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-23 , slide 04; same data; MZNA • 1 specimen; SSD-24 , slide 02; same data; MZNA • 1 specimen; SSD-28 , slide 04; same data; MZNA • 3 specimens on slide and 26 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-30 , slide 04; same data; MZNA .

DIAGNOSIS. — Body violet more or less pigmented, ocular spot black, and antennae and body violetblue, with darker pigment dorsally, especially on tergites Th II-Abd III and distal part of the head; antennae with distal area pigmented and Ant IV totally pigmented; some specimens with posterior Th III and Abd I paler ( Fig. 8C, D ). Head Mc Pa 5 present; A 0, A 2 and A 3 as Mc, and A 2a as mes; posterior labial row with M 1, M 2, R*, E, L 1 and L 2 ciliated Mc (R half to two thirds of M; sometimes M 1 absent and usually asymmetric); Th II a little projected overhead, i.e., not pointed completely downward; Th II-III without Mc; Abd II with chaeta a 2p present, a 3 forward from ‘as’ sensilla and only m 3 as ciliated Mc; AbdIV with four median ciliated Mc (C 1, B 4-6), three non-fan-shaped ciliated mic behind anterior bothriotrichum and bothriothrichal complex mic D 1p present; claw with four internal teeth: two basal and two unpaired; empodium acuminate; manubrial plate with three internal and 5-8 external chaetae.

DESCRIPTION

Size and color

Body length up to 2.00 mm, including head (mean 1.64 mm, n = 17 adults), excluding antennae (holotype: 1.80 mm). Color variable, from pale to dark violet almost whole body except last two abdominal segments and furcula; all specimens maintain transversal bands on Th II-Abd III; blue pigment on vertex of head and ocular patches Ant IV and tip of Ant II-III pigmented. Scales present on Ant I-II, ventral and dorsal head, thorax and abdomen dorsally, coxae I-III and femora-tibiotarsus I-III, dorsally and ventrally on manubrium and only dorsally on dens; manubrium and dens similar in length (0.37 mm, n = 15); non-annulated part of dens three times the length of mucro.

Head

Antennal head ratio 1.58 (n =6). Ant IV without apical bulb, apical organite and accessory sensilla as in Figure 11B . Ant III sense organ with two curved and expanded sensilla, one of them bigger than the other ( Fig. 11C ) three spiny guard sensilla, one of them blunt; on Ant II one distal similar but straight to Ant III expanded sensilla; Head Mc Pa5 present, A 0, A 2 and A 3 as ciliated Mc, A 2a as mes; t, s and p chaetae present on ocular well (p as mes, bigger than the other), three scales in the area; head dorsal chaetotaxy ( Fig. 11A ) with 5-8 antennal (An) ciliated Mc basomedian labial fields chaetae smooth. Four prelabral ciliated chaetae; labrum with three rows, ‘a’ row with four apically ciliated chaetae, ‘m’ and ‘p’ with five smooth chaetae ( Fig. 11D ). Four labral papillae, conical or with a spinelike chaeta. Maxillary palp bifurcated with three smooth appendages ( Fig. 11E ). Labial papilla (l.p.) E with finger-shaped process not reaching at base of apical appendage ( Fig. 11F ). Labial row with M 1, M 2, R*, E, L 1 and L 2 ciliated Mc (R half to two-thirds of M; M 1 sometimes absent and usually asymmetric) ( Fig. 11G ). Postlabial chaetotaxy with 3+1 ciliated central Mc along the groove. 12+ 12 spinelike chaetae on posterior dorsal head.

Thorax chaetotaxy ( Fig. 12 )

Th II and Th III without Mc; Th II with ‘s’ and ‘ms’ in posterolateral position at level of m row; ThIII with two ‘a’ mic before psp, a 2, a 3, a 5, a 6, m 2 (above psp), m 3, m 4, p 2 -p 6, and on lateral tergite a mes with the lateral sensilla (sl) interiorly.

Abdomen chaetotaxy ( Figs 12 ; 13 )

Abd I with a 1 before psp; m 1 beside psp; a 3, a 6, m 3, m 4, m 6 and p 5 (with the ‘ms’ near a 3). Abd II, mi and ml chaetae present over bothriotrichum (m 2); a 2p (p) present as smooth mic; a 2 (a) as smooth mic; m 3 (B) present as ciliated Mc; ‘as’ over m 3 and a 3 upside over a 2 (two times its length); m 3e and p 4 (q 1 and q 2) present as smooth mic; lm and ll present as pointed ciliated mic over bothriotrichum (a 5); a 6, m 4, m 6 and p 5 as smooth mic; m 5 as Mc. Abd III, mi, ml and a 2 as pointed ciliated mic over bothriotrichum (m 2); ‘as’ between a 2 and m 3; m 3 as smooth mic; a 3 very up; p 3 below m 3, and m 4 as smooth mic; lm, li, ll and a 6 as ciliated pointed mic surrounding bothriotrichum (a 5); im, em and am 6 as small ciliated mic over m 5 bothriotrichum; pm 6 and p 6 as ciliated Mc with d 3 between them; ‘ms’ near p 5 as smooth mic; p 8p as ciliated mes; a 7, a 8, m 7, m 8, p 7 and p 8 as smooth mic. AbdIV with four median mac (C 1, B 4-6; ratio between C 1 - B 4 /B 4 -B 6 0.60-0.74, n = 3), and 6 lateral Mc (E 2-4, F 1-3); T 5 as mic, D 3, T 6 and T 7 as mes (D 3 as Mc in some specimens); before T 2 bothriotrichum, usually, three pointed ciliated mic (a, m and D 1), with a supplementary ‘s’ chaeta present in only one specimen (♂) and asymmetric ( Fig. 13 ).

Legs

Scales on legs (including all coxae). Trochanteral organ Vshaped with about 14-19 spine-like chaetae (n=3). Claw with four teeth on inner edge: basal pair at 50%, an unpaired median at 65%, and one minute unpaired subapical; two lateral teeth intermediate to base and paired, and one more basal dorsal tooth. Empodium acuminate, all with pe lamella serrated, other lamellae smooth (ae, ai, pi); claw:empodium ratio =1:0.8. Tibiotarsus III distally with one inner smooth chaeta similar in size to empodium; tenent hairs spatulated, smooth, similar in size to claw ( Fig. 11H ).

Furcula

Manubrium with scales dorsally and ventrally. Dens with scales only dorsally; manubrium and dens similar in length; manubrial plate (dorsally) with three internal ciliate Mc, between 5 and 8 (n =3) external chaetae, and 2 psp. Non-ringed area of dens three times the length of mucro (0,002 mm) ( Fig. 11I ).

Macrochaetotaxy

Reduced formula (from Gisin 1965, 1967a, b): R 0 R 1 R 2001 /00/0101+3/0, paBq 1 q 2, M1M2R*EL1L2 (* ½ to 2/3 of M).

ECOLOGY

Species widely distributed in the three mountain ranges, found in the MSS of more than half of the sampling points ( Fig. 1 A-C). Although it is present in the three bioclimatic zones, given the average catch and its frequent occurrence, it is more common with increasing altitude. Nevertheless, its greatest activity was recorded in SSD-6 of Canchal La Pedriza ( Fig. 3G, H ), located in the oro Mediterranean forest zone, and accounts for 32% of the 234 Entomobryomorpha (not including Orchesella ) collected there ( Fig. 1E ). At this site, L. labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana n. sp. is syntopic with seven other species ( Figs 1F ; 3H ) of the group analyzed in this study.

REMARKS

Winkler (2016) and Mateos (2011) defined the L. lignorum group as the species with the formula R 0 R 1 R 2001 /00/0101+3 (with or without cephalic Mc S 0, also called Pa 5) and scales on antennae and legs, which currently includes the species: L. barbulus Mateos 2011 , L. instratus Handschin, 1924 , L. juliae Mateos, 2011 , L. lignorum (Fabricius, 1775) , L. peisonis Traser & Christian, 1992 , L. ruber Schött, 1902 , L tellecheae Arbea & Jordana, 1990 , L. traseri Winkler, 2016 , L. uzeli Rusek, 1985 , L. violaceus ([ Geoffroy, 1762] Fourcroy, 1785). According to this definition, this new species belongs to this group. The species that share the traditional dorsal body macrochaetotaxy formula of Gisin (1965, 1967a, b) with this species include L. barbulus , L. instratus , L. juliae , L. lignorum , L. peisonis , L. traseri , L. tellecheae , L. uzeli and L. violaceus .

Lepidocyrtus barbulus is differentiated by the labial formula; it also has a pale color. Lepidocyrtus tellecheae has scales in the antennal segments I-III, claw with three teeth and row ‘a’ of the labral series with pointed chaetae. Lepidocyrtus juliae , L. lignorum and L. violaceus have labial papillae multispinate; L. juliae also has a characteristic coloration, with only four spots and L. lignorum has no pigment. Lepidocyrtus peisonis has smooth labial papillae and row ‘a’ of labral chaetae pointed. Lepidocyrtus instratus has three teeth on the claw and outer lamella of the empodium smooth. Lepidocyrtus traseri also has the outer lamella of the empodium smooth, in addition labral chaetae of row ‘a’ are bifurcated. Lepidocyrtus uzeli has the claw with only two teeth. Lepidocyrtus juliae , L. lignorum , L. traseri and L. violaceus have the row ‘a’ of labral chaetae bifurcated ( Table 5 ).

The wide distribution of L. labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana n. sp. does not correspond to the activity records, since it represents only 1% of the Entomobryomorpha and Entomobryidae , studied in this work, ( Figs 1D ; 2A, B ).

Figures

FIG. 8. — Habitus and color patterns of some species: A, Entomobrya guadarramensis Jordana & Baquero n. sp.; B, Entomobrya ledesmai Jordana & Baquero n. sp.; C, D, Lepidocyrtus labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana n. sp.; E, Lepidocyrtus purgatori Baquero & Jordana n. sp.; F, Lepidocyrtus paralignorum Baquero & Jordana n. sp.; G, Pseudosinella valverdei Baquero & Jordana n. sp.; H, Pseudosinella gonzaloi Baquero & Jordana n. sp. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.

FIG. 11. — Lepidocyrtus labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana n. sp.: A, head chaetotaxy; B, organite and accessory sensillum on Ant IV; C, sensory organ of antennal segment III; D, prelabral chaetae (PR) and labral chaetae (rows ‘p’, ‘m’ and ‘a’); E, maxillary palp and outer maxillary lobe; F, labial papilla ‘E’; G, area postlabial; H, apical part of tibiotarsus, claw and empodium of leg 3; I, tip of furcula, mucro and mucronal spine. Abbreviations:see Material and methods. Symbols:●, ciliated Mc; ○, mes or small/doubtful Mc, size proportional to reality. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; D, 0.005 mm; E-I, 0.02 mm.

FIG. 12. — Lepidocyrtus labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana n. sp.,ThII to AbdIII dorsal chaetotaxy.Abbreviations:see Material and methods.Symbols:●, ciliated Mc; ○, mes; ⦰, pseudopores; ▣, bothriotricha. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.

FIG. 13. — Lepidocyrtus labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana n. sp., AbdIV dorsal macrochaetotaxy, and detail of the shape of the accessory chaetae to bothriotricha. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Symbols: ●, Mc; ○, mes; ⦰, pseudopores; ▣, bothriotricha; ▲, special chaetae. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.

FIG. 1. — A, basic orography of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park; B, location of the subterranean sampling devices (SSD) in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park; C, collection sites of the species collected with the SSDs; D, relative abundance of Entomobryomorpha Börner, 1913 species (excluding Orchesella Templeton, 1835); E, relative abundance by SSDs; F, species richness by SSD. Abbreviations: exx, specimens; spp, species.Species authorships:see Index of species.

FIG. 3. — Places where new species have been collected more abundantly: A, C, E, G, photos of the sampled biotopes; B, D, F, H, exact installation point and brief card of the SSDs (location and collecting species of Entomobryomorpha Börner, 1913, excluding Orchesella Templeton, 1835). Species authorships: see Index of species.

FIG. 2. — Diversity, abundance and percentage of Collembola (42 745 specimens) collected in the MSS of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park: A, values by orders and families; B, Entomobryidae Schäffer, 1896 species values (excluding Orchesella Templeton, 1835); C, Isotomidae Schäffer, 1896 species values. Species authorships: see Index of species.