Kelawakaju frenata (Simon, 1901) Maddison & Ruiz & Ng & Vishnudas & Sudhikumar, 2022

Maddison, Wayne P., Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., Ng, Paul Y. C., Vishnudas, Ettukandathil Haridas & Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil V., 2022, Kelawakaju gen. nov., a new Asian lineage of marpissine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Marpissina), ZooKeys 1130, pp. 79-102 : 79

Kelawakaju frenata (Simon, 1901) comb. nov.

Figs 4 , 8 , 9 , 13 , 46-54 , 73-78

Ocrisiona frenata Simon, 1901.

Notes.

The type specimen of Ocrisiona frenata Simon, 1901 has not been found, neither in the Oxford Natural History Museum (O. Pickard Cambridge collection; Simon 1901b) nor in the MNHN (Paris). Nonetheless, the application of the name is reasonably secure, as Simon’s figure (1901a: fig. 730, shown here in Fig. 50 reversed so that the right palp appears as the left) and description (1901b) match well specimens from the type locality here illustrated (Hong Kong, Fig. 49 ) and nearby Guangxi (Figs 46-48 ). Simon’s figure shows clearly the distinctive tibial apophysis of Kelawakaju , and the general conformation of this species group. The critical details of the embolus are unclear in Simon’s figure, and thus there remains the possibility of two very similar species at the type locality. However, at no locality have we seen two different species sympatric from the same species group, and the many photographs on iNaturalist labeled as " Ocrisiona frenata " from Hong Kong are credibly conspecific. Because a good case can be made for the identity of the species, and there is still hope that the type may be found, we will not designate a neotype at this time. This species was labelled "marpissine indet. [China]" in Bodner and Maddison’s (2012) molecular phylogeny; that specimen (voucher d224) was lost in the Butantan fire.

Diagnosis.

Differs from other Kelawakaju in the embolus bending suddenly toward the retrolateral, the epigynal atria with sclerotized edge both anteriorly and posteriorly (not just medially or posteriorly), and posterior notch of epigyne narrow and distinct.

Description.

Male (based on specimen from Dongxing City). Carapace length 3.1; abdomen length 4.1. Carapace dark brown, with sparse white scales. Clypeus very narrow. Chelicera dark brown, with a line of white scales on the prolateral face. One retromarginal tooth (Fig. 8 ). Palp dark brown, with long white scales on tibia. RTA elongate. Embolus short, from base leans slightly toward the prolateral, then twists so that its terminal part leans toward the retrolateral. Legs dark brown to yellow. First leg reddish dark brown, with sparse short white scales. Tibia with three pairs of ventral macrosetae. Legs II-IV yellow except dark brown femur, brown joints, and sparse short white scales; III and IV additionally have prolateral and retrolateral sides of tibiae and metatarsi dark brown. Abdomen dorsally cream colored, with a longitudinal, irregular, dark brown stripe, and almost entirely covered by a light brown scutum; laterally dark brown, with a pale stripe on the posterior fourth; ventrally dark brown, with a longitudinal pale stripe. Spinnerets dark brown.

Female (based on specimen from Dongxing City). Carapace length 3.45; abdomen length 5.55. Color as in male, except when mentioned. Chelicerae dark. One retromarginal tooth. Leg I light brown, with median third of femur, distal of patella and proximal and distal of tibia dark brown; tarsus yellow; II yellow, with same markings as I; III and IV as II, but with patellae entirely yellow and prolateral side of tibia dark brown. Tibia with three pairs of ventral macrosetae. Abdominal pattern as in male; no scutum. Epigyne with a pair of small copulatory openings distant from the posterior border, which has a medial excavation; internally, copulatory ducts fuse with glandular portions, spiral backwards and enter the large spermathecae, from which fertilization ducts emerge.

Material examined.

One male and two females in UBCZ from China: Guangxi : Dongxing City, Wanwei Village. 21.5217°N, 108.1383°E, 3 m elev., 23 May 2006, J.X. Zhang, M.S. Zhu, W.G. Lian, H.Q. Ma JXZ06#013. One male (IDWM.20018) in UBCZ from Hong Kong : Mai Po Nature Reserve , 22.2799°N, 113.9296°E, 5 July 2020, Cheuk Lun Alex Ng. One female ZRC_ENT00053870) in LKCNHM from China: Guangdong : Huidong County, Gaotan Town , Y.X. Lim, 1 October 2018. Photographs on iNaturalist suggest the species is also in Taiwan .

Figures

Figures 2 - 9. Chelicerae of Kelawakaju species 2 - 4 oblique view with carapace 5 - 9 ventral view 2 K. mulu male holotype 3 K. intexta male holotype 4 K. frenata male from Guangxi 5 K. mulu male holotype 6 K. intexta male holotype 7 K. singapura male holotype 8 K. frenata male from Guangxi 9 K. frenata female from Guangxi. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Figures 10 - 15. Carapaces of Kelawakaju males 10 K. mulu holotype 11 K. intexta holotype 12 K. singapura holotype 13 K. frenata from Guangxi, Dongxing 14 K. leucomelas holotype 15 K. sahyadri holotype. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figures 73 - 78. Kelawakaju frenata 73, 74 male from Tai Tam County Park, Hong Kong (© 2020 Artur Tomaszek) 75 female from Guangdong, Gaotan Town 76 male from Guangxi, Dongxing, dorsal 77 female from Dongxing, dorsal 78 same, ventral. Specimen in 73, 74 not examined microscopically; inferred as K. frenata by appearance and locality.