Juga newberryi (I. Lea, 1860 )

Strong, Ellen E., Garner, Jeffrey T., Johnson, Paul D. & Whelan, Nathan V., 2022, A systematic revision of the genus Juga from fresh waters of the Pacific Northwest, USA (Cerithioidea, Semisulcospiridae), European Journal of Taxonomy 848, pp. 1-97 : 55-60

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2022.848.1993

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CD87E211-18D1-43DF-A4A4-70D8D111C969

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7464777

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87B3-FFC4-FF99-5036-F9EF25FBB6D0

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Juga newberryi (I. Lea, 1860 )
status

 

Juga newberryi (I. Lea, 1860) View in CoL

Figs 19–20 View Fig View Fig

Melania newberryi I. Lea, 1860: 93 View in CoL .

Goniobasis newberryi View in CoL – Lea 1863a: 300–301, pl. 37 fig. 135; 1863b: 122–123, pl. 37 fig. 135.

Juga (Oreobasis) bulbosa View in CoL – Burch & Tottenham 1980: 152, fig. 452 (in part). — Burch 1982: 41, fig. 452 (in part); 1989: 152, fig. 452 (in part). — Neitzel & Frest 1992: B.25. — Frest & Johannes 1995a: 177.

Juga bulbosa View in CoL – Turgeon et al. 1988: 65; 1998: 67.

Juga (Oreobasis) n. sp. 3 – Frest & Johannes 1995a: 179. — Johannes 2015: 23.

Juga (Oreobasis) n. sp. 4 – Frest & Johannes 1995a: 180. — Johannes 2015: 23.

Juga (Oreobasis) newberryi View in CoL – Strong & Frest 2007: 54. — Frest & Johannes 2010: 10, 39. — Johannes 2015: 23. — Campbell et al. 2016: 160.

Juga newberryi View in CoL – Johnson et al. 2013: 282. — Strong & Whelan 2019: 89.

Juga (Oreobasis) OTU 1 – Campbell et al. 2016: 160.

non Juga (Oreobasis) n. sp. 3 – Frest & Johannes 1993: 65; 1996: 44, 132; 1999: 89, figs 35–36. [= Juga canella sp. nov.]

non Juga newberryi View in CoL – Strong & Köhler 2009: 486. [= Juga nigrina View in CoL ]

Material examined

Lectotype of Melania newberryi I. Lea, 1860 (designated by Graf 2001: 70) ( Fig. 19A View Fig ) USA • “ Upper des Chutes [sic, Deschutes] River , Oregon Territory”; J.S. Newberry, M.D. leg.; USNM 118961 About USNM .

Paralectotypes of Melania newberryi I. Lea, 1860 USA • 12 spms; same collection data as for lectotype; USNM 1665630 About USNM (formerly USNM 118961X ) .

Other material examined 42 lots, 380 specimens, of which 27 were sequenced.

USA – “ Oregon ” [Territory] • 2 spms; U.S. Exploring Expedition; USNM 12174 About USNM . – Oregon • 24 spms; Jefferson Co., Deschutes River at junction with Dry Creek ; 44.7844, -121.1959; 8 Sep. 2015; E.E. Strong and P. Bouchet leg.; USNM 1413421 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; USNM 1413414 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; USNM 1413415 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; USNM 1413416 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; USNM 1413417 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; USNM 1413418 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; USNM 1413419 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; USNM 1413420 About USNM GoogleMaps 56 spms; Jefferson Co., Deschutes River at Rainbow Landing ; 44.7578, -121.2272; 6 Sep. 2015; E.E. Strong and P. Bouchet leg.; USNM 1413434 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472315 View Materials , MK464682 View Materials , MK480826 View Materials ; USNM 1413428 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472316 View Materials , MK464683 View Materials , MK480827 View Materials ; USNM 1413429 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472317 View Materials , MK464684 View Materials , MK480828 View Materials ; USNM 1413430 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472318 View Materials , MK464685 View Materials , MK480829 View Materials ; USNM 1413431 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472319 View Materials , MK464686 View Materials , MK480830 View Materials ; USNM 1413432 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472320 View Materials , MK464687 View Materials , MK480831 View Materials ; USNM 1413433 About USNM GoogleMaps 30 spms; Jefferson Co., Deschutes River at RM 97.2 to 97.4 on east side channel, ca 0.3–0.6 km S of U.S. 526 bridge and mouth of Shitike Creek at Rainbow Landing ; 44.7575, -121.2267; 13 Aug. 2000; T. Frest leg.; USNM 1100660 About USNM GoogleMaps 67 spms; Jefferson Co., Opal Springs ; 44.4905, -121.2981; 7 Sep. 2015; E.E. Strong and P. Bouchet leg.; USNM 1413335 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm;same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472312 View Materials , MK464679 View Materials , MK480823 View Materials ; USNM 1413332 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472313 View Materials , MK464680 View Materials , MK480824 View Materials ; USNM 1413333 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472314 View Materials , MK464681 View Materials , MK480825 View Materials ; USNM 1413334 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472311 View Materials , MK464678 View Materials ; USNM 1413331 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472310 View Materials , MK464677 View Materials , MK480822 View Materials ; USNM 1413330 About USNM GoogleMaps 33 spms; Jefferson Co., U.S. Hwy 26; 44.7584, -121.2272; 9 Jul. 2014; J.T. Garner and N.V. Whelan leg.; USNM 1295086 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472303 View Materials , MK464670 View Materials , MK480820 View Materials ; USNM 1295085 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472301 View Materials , MK464668 View Materials , MK480818 View Materials ; USNM 1295083 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472302 View Materials , MK464669 View Materials , MK480819 View Materials ; USNM 1295084 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472299 View Materials , MK464666 View Materials , MK480816 View Materials ; USNM 1295081 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472300 View Materials , MK464667 View Materials , MK480817 View Materials ; USNM 1295082 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472296 View Materials , MK464663 View Materials , MK480813 View Materials ; USNM 1295078 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472298 View Materials , MK464665 View Materials , MK480815 View Materials ; USNM 1295080 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472297 View Materials , MK464664 View Materials , MK480814 View Materials ; USNM 1295079 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472294 View Materials , MK464661 View Materials , MK480811 View Materials ; USNM 1295076 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472295 View Materials , MK464662 View Materials , MK480812 View Materials ; USNM 1295077 About USNM GoogleMaps 25 spms; Jefferson Co., Willow Creek, at inflow to Lake Simtustus , Madras West , 2400 ft S, 1800 ft E of NW corner; [44.6718, -121.2278]; 2 Aug. 1971; J. Landye leg.; in substrate; USNM 905120 About USNM GoogleMaps 109 spms; Wasco Co., Oak Springs ; 45.2216, -121.0827; 8 Sep. 2015; E.E. Strong and P. Bouchet leg.; USNM 1413323 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472305 View Materials , MK464672 View Materials ; USNM 1413318 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472306 View Materials , MK464673 View Materials ; USNM 1413319 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472307 View Materials , MK464674 View Materials ; USNM 1413320 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472308 View Materials , MK464675 View Materials ; USNM 1413321 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472309 View Materials , MK464676 View Materials ; USNM 1413322 About USNM GoogleMaps 1 spm; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank : MK472304 View Materials , MK464671 View Materials , MK480821 View Materials ; USNM 1413317 About USNM GoogleMaps .

Description

SHELL. Moderately thick, small for the genus, reaching ~ 1.5 cm in length; broadly to elongately conical in shape, spire height low to moderate ( Fig. 19 View Fig ). Whorls convex to somewhat flattened, shouldered, suture deeply impressed, body whorl usually inflated. Aperture broadly oval in shape, lip smooth, simple. Spiral sculpture lacking. Axial sculpture of fine, weakly prosocline to opisthocyrt growth lines; plications lacking. Shell dark purple to tan in color, usually with three reddish brown bands, variable in width. Interior of aperture white to dark purple in color; bands when present visible inside aperture. Columella occasionally tinged reddish-purple.

RADULA. Rachidian narrowly rectangular, wider than tall, with angular to convex lower margin and projecting outer corners; basal denticles lacking or vestigial ( Fig. 20 View Fig ). Upper margin slightly concave with cutting edge bearing central, elongate conical cusp, and two to three stout, conical denticles on each side. Lateral teeth with prominent triangular cusp flanked by two to three inner and two to three outer, triangular denticles, and frequently a membranous outermost denticle. Marginal teeth with broadly rounded cutting edges and long, slender, flattened shafts with membranous flanges along inner and outer edges. Narrow inner flanges along distal half to two-thirds of shafts; broad outer flanges extending almost to tooth bases. Inner marginal teeth with four to five and outer marginal teeth with six to seven flattened denticles. See also Strong & Frest (2007).

Distribution and ecology

In the lower Middle and Lower Deschutes River in central Oregon, and associated springs, spring runs and spring-fed creeks in the Deschutes River drainage ( Fig. 21A View Fig ).

Remarks

Tryon (1864, 1865, 1866, 1873) viewed Goniobasis newberryi as valid and distinct but remarked that this species and G. bulbosa were “exactly similar in outline” ( Tryon 1864: 53; 1865: 246; 1873: 255) and “certainly extremely closely allied” ( Tryon 1865: 245), differing only in the presence or absence of bands ( Tryon 1866: 34). Pilsbry (1899) subsequently synonymized the two, which was followed by most authors and resulted in confusion about the identity and distribution of Juga newberryi for over 100 years (see Strong & Frest 2007). Most usages of the name bulbosa in the literature in fact refer to J. newberryi (e.g., Tryon 1865: fig. 17; 1866: fig. 217; 1873: fig. 496; Roscoe 1963: pl. 4 figs 5–6; Burch & Tottenham 1980: fig. 452; Burch 1982, 1989: fig. 452; Turgeon et al. 1988, 1998). This confusion was compounded by the fact that the species is inexplicably rare in museum collections (see e.g., Henderson 1936b) despite occurring in abundance at some sites. Apart from the types and material collected for the present research, holdings of newberryi in the USNM collections include only three lots, one from the U.S. Exploring Expedition, one collected in 1971 and one in 2000. What little museum material there is in some cases contains mixtures of the two species (see account for J. bulbosa , above).

Although Frest & Johannes (2010: 26) could not determine its identity, the specimen figured by Tryon as Goniobasis bulbosa (1865: fig. 17; 1866: fig. 217; 1873: fig. 496) is the larger of the two specimens in USNM 12174 ( Fig. 19N View Fig ), entered in the handwritten ledger catalogue on May 10, 1876, identified as “ Strepoma bulbosa Gould ” with no other information than being from “ Oregon ” [Territory]. Tryon (1865: 246) claimed the specimen to be, “the largest I have seen, and considerably exceeds the dimensions of Dr. Gould’s type specimen”. There can be no doubt that it represents a specimen of J. newberryi given the low spire and inflated body whorl. Paralectotype lot MCZ 169068 comprises a mixture of bulbosa and newberryi , as does USNM 5563 which contains Gould’s (1860: fig. 163–163a) figured specimen of bulbosa ( Fig. 10E–F View Fig ).

The erroneous synonymy of newberryi with bulbosa notwithstanding, this is a distinctive Deschutes River endemic, particularly the low spired, inflated morph. However, banded subadults of J. bulbosa (e.g., Fig. 10S View Fig ) may be confused for J. newberryi without careful scrutiny when they co-occur (e.g., Fig. 19C–D View Fig ) but can be distinguished by the degree of banding, spire height, and inflation of the body whorl. The early teleoconchs of bulbosa are frequently eroded but when preserved may be plicate, whereas they are invariably smooth in newberryi . The tall slender morph of newberryi ( Fig. 19G–H, L–M View Fig ) also may be difficult to differentiate from bulbosa as the banding patterns can be quite similar. One lot containing dead-collected specimens from the confluence of Willow Creek and the Deschutes River (USNM 905120; Fig. 19L–M View Fig ) compares favorably in size and proportion with specimens sequenced from Opal Springs ( Fig. 19G–H View Fig ) and are considered to represent newberryi . Specimens of bulbosa sequenced nearby generally have a less deeply impressed suture and are larger in size at adulthood (e.g., Fig. 10P View Fig ). There are banded and unbanded morphs of both species, even at a single site, but unbanded morphs of newberryi are rare and are usually quite dark, not the tan to golden base color as seen in most historical lots. It is uncertain whether these golden, unbanded forms are merely faded or represent a local variant that has not been recollected.

Distribution

The type locality of newberryi is the Upper Deschutes River, which is considered the region upstream of Bend, Oregon, but there is no evidence it ever extended this far upriver. Frest & Johannes (1995a, 2010) and Strong & Frest (2007) considered the types to have originated from near Bend without justification and indicated the species occurs sporadically below Pelton Dam to roughly 6 miles above the mouth where it is replaced by “ J. (J.) plicifera ” (= J. bulbosa as circumscribed herein). However, some spring dwelling forms (e.g., Opal Springs, Oak Springs) previously considered an undescribed species (see below) are conspecific with J. newberryi ( Strong & Whelan 2019) and place the species above Pelton Dam.

Common name

The common name for this species is the Banded Juga ( Johnson et al. 2013) . It has been referred to as the Newberry Juga ( Johannes 2015) and the Bulb Juga ( Frest & Johannes 1995a; Turgeon et al. 1988, 1998), the latter reflecting the erroneous synonymy with J. bulbosa . Putatively new species that are conspecific with J. newberryi have been referred to as the Crooked River or Opal Springs Juga [= J. (Oreobasis) n. sp. 4] ( Fig. 19G–H View Fig ) and the Oak Springs or Purple Juga (e.g., Frest & Johannes 1995a; Duncan 2008; Johannes 2015; Fallon et al. 2020). The latter is a dark, unbanded form ( Fig. 19E–F View Fig ).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Mollusca

Class

Gastropoda

Order

Architaenioglossa

Family

Semisulcospiridae

Genus

Juga

Loc

Juga newberryi (I. Lea, 1860 )

Strong, Ellen E., Garner, Jeffrey T., Johnson, Paul D. & Whelan, Nathan V. 2022
2022
Loc

Juga (Oreobasis) OTU 1

Campbell D. C. & Clark S. A. & Johannes E. J. & Lydeard C. & Frest T. J. 2016: 160
2016
Loc

Juga newberryi

Strong E. E. & Whelan N. V. 2019: 89
Johnson P. D. & Bogan A. E. & Brown K. M. & Burkhead N. M. & Cordeiro J. R. & Garner J. T. & Hartfield P. D. & Lepitzki D. A. W. & Mackie G. L. & Pip E. & Tarpley T. A. & Tiemann J. S. & Whelan N. V. & Strong E. E. 2013: 282
2013
Loc

Strong E. E. & Kohler F. 2009: 486
2009
Loc

Juga (Oreobasis) newberryi

Campbell D. C. & Clark S. A. & Johannes E. J. & Lydeard C. & Frest T. J. 2016: 160
Johannes E. J. 2015: 23
Frest T. J. & Johannes E. J. 2010: 10
Strong E. E. & Frest T. 2007: 54
2007
Loc

Juga (Oreobasis) n. sp. 3

Johannes E. J. 2015: 23
Frest T. J. & Johannes E. J. 1995: 179
1995
Loc

Juga (Oreobasis) n. sp. 4

Johannes E. J. 2015: 23
Frest T. J. & Johannes E. J. 1995: 180
1995
Loc

Juga (Oreobasis) n. sp. 3

Frest T. J. & Johannes E. J. 1999: 89
Frest T. J. & Johannes E. J. 1996: 44
Frest T. J. & Johannes E. J. 1993: 65
1993
Loc

Turgeon D. D. & Quinn J. F. & Bogan A. E. & Coan E. V. & Hochberg F. G. 1998: 67
Turgeon D. D. & Quinn J. F. & Bogan A. E. & Coan E. V. & Hochberg F. G. 1988: 65
1988
Loc

Juga

Frest T. J. & Johannes E. J. 1995: 177
Neitzel D. A. & Frest T. J. 1992: 25
Burch J. B. 1989: 152
Burch J. B. 1982: 41
Burch J. B. & Tottenham J. 1980: 152
1980
Loc

Goniobasis newberryi

Lea I. 1863: 300
1863
Loc

Melania newberryi I. Lea, 1860: 93

Lea I. 1860: 93
1860
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