Isoctenus botocudos, Pontes Moraes & Polotow & Labarque & Da Silva, 2023

Pontes Moraes, Isadora M., Polotow, Daniele, Labarque, Facundo M. & Da Silva, Marcio B., 2023, Description of three new species of Isoctenus Bertkau, 1880 and new records for I. areia Polotow & Brescovit (Araneae, Ctenidae) from northeastern Brazil, Zootaxa 5315 (2), pp. 177-186 : 183-184

Isoctenus botocudos new species

Figures 5–7

Type material. Male holotype from Fazenda Santa Tereza , Uruçuca, 14º35’S, 39º17’W, Bahia, Brazil, 3.VI.1970, Ceplac Team coll., deposited in MNRJ 13435 .

Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Bahia: Belmonte, Barrolândia, Estação Experimental Gregório Bóndar , 16º05’S, 39º16’W, 1 male, 15.X.1987, J. Becker coll. (MNRJ 13428); Porto Seguro, Estação Ecológica Veracel /Veracruz (EEVC), 16º26’S, 39º03’W, 2 males, 23.X.2001, M.G.C. Costa coll. (UFBA 02175; 02184); 1 male, 10.III.2002, M.G.C. Costa coll. (UFBA 02181) .

Etymology. The species name is a noun in apposition that honors the Botocudos indigenous people, a generic denomination used by the Portuguese colonizers to several indigenous peoples from the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. The term Botocudo in Portuguese (from botoque, a plug), is an allusion to the wooden disks worn in their lips and ears.

Diagnosis. Males of Isoctenus botocudos new species resemble those of I. areia Polotow & Brescovit, 2009 by the short dorsal branch of the RTA, but can be distinguished by the truncated tip of the dorsal branch of the RTA, by the smaller ventral branch of the RTA, and by the smaller ventral retrolateral projection of cymbium ( Fig. 6A–B ), whereas I. areia can be distinguished by elongated tip of the dorsal branch of the RTA, by the larger ventral branch of the RTA, and by the larger ventral retrolateral projection of cymbium ( Polotow & Brescovit 2009: fig. 6A–B).

Description. Male (holotype, MNRJ 13435). Prosoma reddish brown, with brown thoracic groove and black rings around eyes ( Fig. 5A ). Sternum, endites, labium, and legs light reddish brown ( Fig. 5B ). Brownish dorsum of opisthosoma, with a longitudinal light stripe with indented borders and arrow-shaped ( Fig. 5A ). Light brown venter of opisthosoma ( Fig. 5B ). Total length 9.11. Carapace 4.99 long and 3.76 wide. Eye diameter: AME 0.22, ALE 0.17, PME 0.23, PLE 0.21. Leg measurements: I: femur 3.80/ patella 1.53/ tibia 3.74/ metatarsus 3.33/ tarsus 1.70/ total 14.10; II: 3.41/ 1.56/ 3.02/ 3.20/ 1.20/ 12.39; III: 3.03/ 1.32/ 2.51/ 3.15/ 1.06/ 11.07; IV: 4.22/ 1.49/ 3.92/ 5.95/ 1.44/ 17.02. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: tibia I and II v2-2-2-2-2, r1-1-0, p0-1-0, III v2-2-2, r1- 1-0, p1,1,0 and IV v2-2-2, r1-1-0, p1-1-0; metatarsus I, II and III v2-2-2, r1-1-1, p-1-1-1, IV v1-1-1-1-2-2, r1-1-1, p1- 1-1. Palp: short tibia, approximately half of cymbium length; dorsal branch of RTA truncate and with a rounded tip and ventral branch of RTA short ( Fig. 6A–B ); ventral apophysis short and slightly curved retrolaterally ( Fig. 6A–B ). Cymbium with an elongated retrolateral dorsal projection and a short retrolateral ventral projection ( Fig. 6A–B ). Curved embolus, with a strong probasal projection ( Fig. 6A–B ). Cup-shaped median apophysis curved prolaterally and with a small distal projection and a wide basal projection ( Fig. 6A–B ).

Female. Unknown.

Variation. Four males: total length 7.54–9.65, carapace length 4.61–5.53, femur I 4.60–6.11.

Distribution. Coastal Atlantic Rain Forest, southern state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil ( Fig. 7 ).

Figures

FIGURE 5. Isoctenus botocudos new species, habitus. A–B, male; A, dorsal view; B, ventral view.

FIGURE 6. Isoctenus botocudos new species. A–B, male palp. A, ventral view; B, retrolateral view.

FIGURE 7. A–B, Geographic distribution records of Isoctenus jussara new species, I. cabula new species, and I. botocudos new species, and new records of Isoctenus areia. A, South America with demarcation of northeastern Brazil; B, Close up of the Brazilian northeastern regions where the species are distributed.