Ipomoea bracteata Cav.

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

338. Ipomoea bracteata Cav. , Icon 5: 51. 1794 [pub. 1799]. (Cavanilles 1799: 51)

Exogonium bracteatum (Cav.) Choisy ex G. Don , Gen. Hist. 4: 264. 1838. (Don 1838: 264).

Quamoclit bracteata (Cav.) Roberty , Candollea 14: 41. 1952. (Roberty 1952: 41).

Ipomoea cincta Roem. & Schult. , Syst. Veg. 4: 254. 1819. (Roemer and Schultes 1819: 254), nom. illeg. superfl. for I. bracteata Cav.

Convolvulus obvallatus Spreng. , Syst. Veg. 1: 595. 1825. [pub. 1824]. (Sprengel 1824: 595). Type. Based on Ipomoea bracteata Cav.

Ipomoea spicata Kunth , Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 112. 1818 [pub.1819]. (Kunth 1819: 112). Type. MEXICO. Guerrero, La Venta de Acaguisotla, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. (holotype P00670776).

Exogonium spicatum (Kunth) Choisy , Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8: 50 [128]. 1837 [pub. 1838]. (Choisy 1838: 50[128]).

Exogonium olivae Barcena , Viaje Cav. Cachuam. 29. 1844. ( Bárcena 1844: 29). Type. MEXICO. Cuernavaca, Bárcena s.n. (holotype MEXU†, lectotype plate in Bárcena (1844: 29), designated by McDonald 1987c: 59).

Convolvulus bractiflorus Sesse & Mocino , Pl. Nov. Hisp. 23. 1888). ( Sessé y Lacasta and Moçiño 1887- 90: 23). Type. MEXICO. Cuernavaca, Sessé & Moçiño “1629” (lectotype MA00603817, designated by McDonald 1987c: 59).

Ipomoea bracteata var. pubescens B.L. Rob. & Greenm., Amer. J. Sci. ser. 3. 50: 160. 1895. Type. MEXICO. Jalisco, Guadalajara, C.G. Pringle 4734 (holotype GH00054485, isotypes BM, BKL, BR, CM, G, GOET, ISC, K, MEXU, MIN, MO, MSC, NDG, NY, S, US, UC, VT).

Exogonium bracteatum var. pubescens (Rob. & Greenm.) House , Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 101. 1908. (House 1908a: 101).

Ipomoea bracteata var. viridibracta McDonald, Brenesia 28: 60. 1987. (McDonald 1987c: 60). Type. MEXICO. Est. Mexico, Temascaltepec, G.B. Hinton 7526 (holotype NY00319073).

Type.

MEXICO. Guerrero, Dos Caminos near Acapulco, Née s.n. (lectotype MA475867, designated by McDonald 1987c: 58, isolectotype MA).

Description.

Vigorous liana; stems climbing or trailing to 7 m, glabrous, plant often leafless when flowering. Leaves petiolate, 2-8 × 2-7 cm, ovate to deltoid, acute or acuminate, mucronate, base shallowly cordate, glabrous or ( var. pubescens ) pubescent; petioles 0.1-4 cm. Inflorescence of bracteolate axillary raceme-like cymes, rhachis 2-23 mm long, slightly zigzag; peduncles fused to petioles, 3-7 mm; bracteoles showy, 2-4.5 cm long and wide, ovate, acuminate, folded, pink or, rarely ( var. viridibracta ), greenish, glabrous; pedicels 2-5 mm, usually recurved; sepals subequal, 5-9 × 2-3 mm, oblong-ovate with white margins, the outer obtuse, mucronate, innerslightly larger; corolla 2.2-4 cm long, hypocrateriform, the tube 4-7 mm wide, pink or (rarely) greenish, glabrous, limb reduced to 5 lobes 2-3 mm long and wide, stamens exserted. Capsules 6-10 × 4-8 mm, conical, glabrous; seeds 4-5 × 2-3 mm, ellipsoid, puberulent.

Illustration.

Figure 160 .

Distribution.

Endemic to Mexico but locally common in deciduous tropical forest below about 1600 m.

MEXICO. Baja California Sur: Sierra Laguna, H.S. Gentry 4437 (K, MEXU); Miraflores, A. Carter 2659 (K, UC). Chihuahua: Río Batapilas, M. Kimnach & Brandt 905 (MEXU). Colima: Colima-Manzanillo, E. Carranza & I. Silva 6036 (IEB, MEXU). Durango: Topia, S. Acevedo & D. Bayona 346 (IEB, MEXU). Est. México & Dist. Fed.: Temascaltepec, Plaza de Gallos, G.B. Hinton 1749 (BM, K), ibid., Ixtapan, G.B. Hinton 3019 (BM, K), ibid., Calera, 7529 (BM, K, NY). Guerrero: Coyuca, G.B. Hinton 5560 (K); Placeres, Mina, G.B. Hinton 9974 (BM, K); Achotla, Y. Mexia 8743 (K); Coyuco de Catalán, J.C. Soto Nuñez 11436 (E, MEXU). Hidalgo: Chapalhuacan, R.M. Saucedo & O.A. Ayala 855 (MEXU). Jalisco: Talpa de Allende-Tomatlán, K.M. Peterson & C.R. Broome 442 (K); Patalarga, P. Carillo-Reyes et al. 7248 (IEB); San Sebastián to Los Reyes, Y. Mexia 1917 (BM). Michoacán: G.B. Hinton 6974 (K); S. of Taretan, E. Carranza & V. Steinmann 6316 (IEB). Morelos: Cuernavaca, C.G. Pringle 8012 (GH, K, MO, US); ibid., Bourgeau 1246 (K, P). Nayarit: Acaponeta, R. Ramírez & G. Flores 816 (IEB). Oaxaca: Laguna el Portrerón, M. Elorsa 5731(IEB). Puebla: Teotalca, A.G. Miranda & C. Garcia 898 (MEXU). Sinaloa: Rosario, F.H. Lamb 450 (GH, K); Mazatlan, J.G. Ortega 5590 (K); Culiacán, Rito Vega 2646 (MEXU). Sonora: Mun. Alamos, T.R. Van Devender 94-166 (ASU); Mun. Huatobampo, S.L. Friedman 32-94 (ASU); San Bernardo, Río Mayo, H.S. Gentry 1293 (K). Veracruz: Remulatero, C.A. Purpus 8644 (BM), 16377 (K).

Notes.

A very distinctive species with woody stems and a subcylindrical hypocrateriform corolla which is enclosed by a pair of showy bracteoles. As in Ipomoea dumosa the petiole and peduncle are partially fused. Although very distinct I. bracteata is also very variable. The leaves are usually glabrous but a pubescent form ( var. pubescens ) occasionally occurs; the bracteoles and corolla are usually pink but plants with greenish bracteoles ( var. viridibracta ) and green corollas are occasionally found.

Ipomoea bracteata flowers in the dry season, fide Chemás-Jaramillo and Bullock (2005).

••• Clade C (Species 339-378) comprise a morphologically heterogeneous group of American and Australasian species, which contains a number of small, well-supported and morphologically distinct clades, which are indicated in the following sequence.

Figures

Figure 160. Ipomoea bracteata. A leaf B abaxial leaf surface C Stem and bracts D bract E flowering habit F outer sepal G inner sepal H corolla opened out to show stamens. Drawn by Rosemary Wise A-D from Pringle 8012; E from Hinton et al. 7529; H from Y. Mexia 1917.