Hilara interstincta

Çiftçi, Mustafa Cemal & Hasbenli, Abdullah, 2011, Two new species of Hilara (Diptera, Empididae) from northwestern Turkey, Zootaxa 2928, pp. 49-56 : 54-56

Key to the Mediterranean species of the Hilara interstincta -group

[modified from Chvála (2008)]

1 Haltere pale, clear yellow, or at least yellowish-brown to uniformly light brownish, not black......................... 2

- Haltere black, at least knob blackish-grey, the stem may be paler............................................... 10

2 Occiput dull grey, not black from any point of view; sometimes a small blackish triangular patch behind ocellar swelling is present ( H. palmarum , H. quadriclavata )................................................................... 3

- Occiput dull black, at least in some lights.................................................................. 7

3 Acrostichals bi-serial, scutum dark grey, with 3 darker stripes on lines of bristles. Wings almost clear; labrum at least as long as head is high. Male: fore basitarsus strongly black bristled dorsally like fore tibia, very large and thickened, as long as tibia and rest of tarsus, all tarsomeres longer than deep; genitalia with a small hypandrium. Female: hind tibia spindle-shaped, wider at middle than femur.................................................................. H. algecirasensis Strobl

- Acrostichals 4-serial, wings clear (except for H. quadriclavata with faintly brownish clouded)........................ 4

4 Abdominal pubescence whitish, at least on basal segments. Darker grey dusted species, scutum more brownish-grey with 3 faint darker stripes on lines of bristles. Palpus blackish-grey. Male: fore tibia thickened with dense long black bristles even at sides, fore basitarsus very stout and nearly as long as tibia, dorsum short pubescent with some longer bristly hairs about base; mid tibia spindle-shaped, with very long black scattered bristles. Female: hind tibia spindle-shaped, as wide at middle as femur, similarly thickened as in male..................................................... H. almeriensis Strobl

- Abdominal pubescence black, dorsum of abdomen dulled by grey dusting, concolorous with thorax. Palpus yellowish or blackish................................................................................................. 5

5 Species varying in length from 2.5–4 mm. Frons dull light grey, pair of frontal bristles absent. Palpus yellowish. Abdomen with long black hind-marginal bristles, distinct even in female. Hind basitarsus with longer posterodorsal bristles. Male: fore basitarsus small ovate. Female: hind tibia simple and slender................................ H. mediterranea Chvála

- Larger, body 3.5–4.5 mm. Frons velvety black, frontal bristles well developed. Palpus blackish. Abdomen with thin hind-marginal bristles, not distinct in female. Male: fore basitarsus large, very swollen, as long as, or only slightly shorter than tibia. Female: hind tibia very dilated and curved. Occiput with a blackish triangular patch behind ocelli...................... 6

6 Antennal stylus long, not much shorter than 3rd segment (more than two-thirds of its length). Abdomen with long but thin hind-marginal bristles. Male: fore tibia dorsally with 2–3 diverging pairs of long dorsal bristles, and a preapical circlet; mid tibia and mid basitarsus slender, short pubescent. Female: mid tibia with only minute hairs posteroventrally................................................................................................... H. palmarum Strobl

- Antennal stylus short, half as long as 3rd segment. Abdomen with rather small and fine hind-marginal bristles. Male: fore tibia dorsally with row of 5–6 very long and strong black bristles nearly as long as length of tibia; mid tibia and mid basitarsus strongly dilated, and mid tibia with dense, very long black bristles anteriorly and posteriorly. Female: mid tibia with long black ciliation posteroventrally.............................................................. H. quadriclavata Strobl

7 Acrostichals bi-serial.................................................................................. 8

- Acrostichals 4-serial.................................................................................. 9

8 Body 3.2–4 mm long. Scutum brownish-grey dusted, 2 narrow darker stripes between lines of bristles very faint and indistinct. Antennal stylus very short, scarcely half as long as 3rd segment, a pair of ocellar and frontal bristles equally long. Abdomen finely greyish dusted, subshining in some lights. Male: fore tibia with long black bristles dorsally, fore basitarsus large, as long as tibia but not much thickened, without dorsal bristles, and tarsi rather short, tarsomeres 2–4 only slightly longer than deep. Female: hind tibia slightly dilated and only very indistinctly curved; haltere yellow................. H. cantabrica Strobl

- Body 5.7–6.3 mm long. Scutum grey dusted, 3 blackish stripes on the lines of bristles in anterior view, 5 stripes very distinct in posterior view. Antennal stylus thick, as long as 3rd antennal segment, ocellar bristles longer than frontal bristles. Abdomen blackish brown with slightly brownish grey dusted. Male: fore tibia ( Fig. 6 ) dorsally with row of bristles, fore basitarsus cylindrical, slightly thickened, not stouter than tibia and nearly half length of fore tibia, tarsomeres 2–4 clearly longer than deep. Female: hind tibia slender and simple, haltere darker colored, in some specimens haltere almost black. H. hasankoci sp. nov.

9 Pronotum with several long black spines on each side, those in female smaller; antennal stylus short, about half as long as 3rd segment. Haltere uniformly dark yellow to brown, wings clear. Scutum brownish in anterior view, with 2 subshining stripes between rows of bristles. Abdomen subshining black. Male: fore tibia rather long and slender, dorsally with about 6 fine, long black bristles, fore basitarsus slightly thickened and only about two-thirds length of tibia. Female: hind tibia very dilated, at middle wider than corresponding femur...................................................... H. fusitibia Strobl

- Pronotum with a single black bristle on each side as usual; antennal stylus slightly shorter than 3rd segment. Haltere yellowish, base of stem darker, wings brownish. Scutum greyish-brown dusted in anterior view, with 3 darker brown stripes on lines of bristles. Abdomen densely greyish dusted. Male: fore tibia spindle-shaped, dorsally with several pairs of black bristles, only those before tip longer than tibia is deep; fore basitarsus large and very dilated, at least as long as tibia, and more than twice as wide. Female: unknown................................................................ H. palmarurn Strobl

10 Occiput dull grey, not dull black from any point of view........................................ H. dalmatina Strobl

- Occiput dull black, at least in some lights, especially when viewed from above.................................... 11

11 Acrostichals bi-serial................................................................................. 12

- Acrostichals 4-serial................................................................................. 13

12 Labrum long and strong, at least as long as head is high. Male: lateral genital lamella with a large, strong sharply pointed apical process; fore basitarsus large and very thickened, as long as tibia, dorsally with 6–8 strong black bristles. Female: wings of usual size and shape, not widening apically; hind tibia less dilated towards tip, at the broadened part scarcely as wide as corresponding femur........................................................................ H. israelica Chvála

- Labrum short, clearly shorter than head is high. Male unknown. Female: wings very dark brown, wide and blunt-tipped; hind tibia very dilated apically, clearly wider at tip than corresponding femur............................. H. turcica Chvála

13 Large species, body about 3.5–5 mm long. Frontal bristles present. Scutum dull, not at least shining, dull grey, often with black stripes, or mostly black (or even subshining in some lights). Antennal stylus short, half as long as 3rd segment, or not much longer (except for H. anglodanica )...................................................................... 14

- Smaller species, body about 3–3.5 mm long. Scutum at most only thinly dusted, metallic brownish-grey, subshining or almost shining black, hind femur thickened and ventrally spinose, and no frontal bristles. Male: body densely black pubescent, wings brownish. Fore tibia spindle-shaped, dorsally with 5 strong bristles clearly longer than tibia is deep; fore basitarsus stout, at least twice as deep as tibia. Usually 6–8 scutellar bristles. Female: scutum black, dulled by brownish dust in frontal view, with 2 subshining blackish stripes between lines of bristles, thoracic pleura uniformly dark grey dusted. Hind tibia very swollen, evenly spindle-shaped, at middle clearly wider than femur....................................... H. fusitibia Strobl

14 Labrum shorter than head is high. Male fore basitarsus shorter than tibia........................................ 15

- Labrum long, at least as long as head is high. Male fore basitarsus large and very thickened........................ 16

15 Antennal stylus long and slender, at least as long as 3rd segment. Scutum uniformly slate-grey, unstriped; Acrostichals 4-serial and widely spaced, narrowly separated from uni-serial dorsocentrals, latter less numerous and clearly longer, as long as antennal stylus. Abdomen silvery-grey pollinose when viewed from in front, dull blackish from other angles. Wings faintly brownish. Legs finely greyish dusted, mid tibia with strong black anterior (or anterodorsal) bristle at base. Male: fore basitarsus long elliptical, not much thicker than tibia. Female: hind tibia simple and slender.................. H. anglodanica Lundbeck

- Antennal stylus short, clearly shorter than 3rd segment. Scutum in anterior view brownish-grey, with 3 more or less distinct darker stripes on lines of bristles. Scutum in posterior view dull velvety black, leaving prescutellar depression and 2 narrow lines between acrostichals and dorsocentrals light brownish; acrostichals 4-serial, dorsocentrals uni-serial, all long, bristle-like. Wings clear. Male: fore basitarsus evenly oval, short pubescent, two-thirds length of tibia. Female: hind tibia slender and only indistinctly curved..................................................................... H. schachti Chvála

16 Male: fore basitarsus shorter, two-thirds length of tibia, dorsally with very short pubescence, following tarsomeres short and stout, as long as deep; mid basitarsus with a slight thickening at base posteriorly, with a brush of small spines. Scutum in anterodorsal view with 3 wide, dull black stripes on lines of bristles, acrostichals and dorsocentrals very long, bristle-like, longer than antennal stylus. Female: hind tibia simple and slender.................................. H. freidbergi Chvála

- Male: fore basitarsus very large, as long as tibia, and dorsally clothed with long bristly hairs; mid basitarsus simple, without a sensory brush at base posteriorly. Scutum differently striped, and acrostichals and dorsocentrals smaller, hair-like. Female: hind tibia simple and slender ( H. veneta ) or very thickened ( H. megalochira )..................................... 17

17 Scutum uniformly dark greyish to bronze-brown dusted viewed from in front, sometimes with 2 narrow blackish stripes between lines of bristles, black (or nearly subshining black) in other views. Male: fore basitarsus very swollen, 3 times as deep as tibia at tip, tarsi short, fore tarsomeres 2–4 as long as deep. Female: hind tibia very thickened, spindle-shaped, wider at middle than femur....................................................................... H. megalochira Collin

- Scutum brownish dusted viewed from in front, in anterodorsal view with a black median stripe on acrostichals, and 2 still wider lateral stripes outside of dorsocentrals, in dorsal and posterior views dull velvety black, only prescutellar depression and scutellum light grey; often also 2 lighter lines between acrostichals and dorsocentrals. Male: fore basitarsus less swollen, about twice as deep as tibia at tip, and tarsi longer, tarsomeres 2–4 longer than deep. Female: hind tibia simple and slender................................................................................................ H. veneta Collin

Figures

FIGURES 6 – 10. Hilara hasankoci 6. Fore leg in posterior view; 7. Postabdomen; 8. Hypandrium; 9. Lateral lamella (epandrial lamella) in lateral view; 10. Tip of hypandrium in dorsal view. Scale = 0.3 mm.