Herminium monophyllum (D. Don) P. F. Hunt & Summerh., Kew Bull. 20: 51. 1966.

Raskoti, Bhakta Bahadur, Schuiteman, Andre, Jin, Wei-Tao & Jin, Xiao-Hua, 2017, A taxonomic revision of Herminium L. (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae), PhytoKeys 79, pp. 1-74 : 31

34. Herminium monophyllum (D. Don) P. F. Hunt & Summerh., Kew Bull. 20: 51. 1966. Figs 5G , 6E , 7E , 8E , 9E , 10D

Androcorys monophylla (D. Don) Agrawala & H. J. Chowdhery, Kew Bull. 65: 106. 2010.

Herminium gramineum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 305. 1835. Type: NEPAL. Precise locality unknown, 1821, Wallich N., 7413 (Holotype: K-LINDL! [K000079040]; Isotypes: K-WALLICH! [K001127309 & K001127310]).

Spiranthes monophylla (D. Don) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 709. 1826.

Monorchis monophylla (D. Don) O. Schwarz, Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 95. 1949.

Basionym.

Neottia monophylla D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 27. 1825.

Type.

NEPAL. Precise locality unknown, 1819, Wallich N. s.n. (Holotype: BM! [BM000034436]) .

Description.

Plant 6-15 cm tall. Tuber globose, 5-9 × 4-6 mm. Stem slender, 2.5-7; sheaths tubular, 1-2.5 cm long, with 1 leaf at base. Leaf linear-oblong, apex acute, 3.5-5.5 × 0.2-0.6 cm. Inflorescence 4-10 cm, laxly to subdensely many-flowered, rachis glabrous, 2-6 cm, floral bracts lanceolate, apex trifid, 3-8 × 1-1.5 mm. Flowers subsecund, yellowish green, 4-7 mm across, pedicel and ovary arcuate, 3-4.5 mm long, apex beaked. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate-oblong, 2-2.5 × 1.2-1.5 mm, apex obtuse; lateral sepals ovate, 2-3 × 1-1.2 mm, apex obtuse. Petals linear, falcate, 2.5 × 0.8 mm, apex obtuse. Lip ovate, concave, entire, 2.5 × 1.5 mm, apex obtuse. Column 2-4 mm tall, pollinia clavate, caudicles short, viscidium disc like, rostellum triangular, stigma transversely oblong, situated below the rostellum.

Flowering time.

July-August.

Habitat.

Terrestrial in open forest or forest margins at an altitude of 1000-2000 m.

Distribution.

Bhutan, India, Nepal.

Specimens examined.

INDIA: Himachal Pradesh, Simla , 1800 m, Drummond J. R. (leg. Donie J. M.) s.n. (K) ; Uttarakhand, below Mussoorie , 1370 m, 01.08.1932, Stewart R. R., 12317 (K) .

NEPAL: Bagmati, Lalitpur district Godawari 1820m, 05.08.1978, Anon, 297 (KATH); Sindhupalnchok District Bhungloo, 1850 m, 11.09.1964, Benerji M. L., Shrestha T. B. and Upadhyaya A. V., 2656 (KATH); Kathmandu district , Sivapuri, 1880 m, 01.08.1979, Dahal S. and Dawadi N., 834 (KATH) ; Mahakali, Baitadi District, Ganna-Nala Bagar , 1000 m, 15.07.1984, Shakya P. R., Adhikari M. K. and Subedi M. N., 7859 (KATH) ; Seti, Doti District, Doti-Baga lekha, 1950 m, 30.06.198, Shakya P. R., Sharma L. R. and Amatya K. R., 6223 (KATH); Ganesh Himal , Haku , 1700 m, 07.07.1984, Farille M., Jordan D. and Lachard G., 847034 (K); Kumaon, near Sasa, 2100-2400 m, 14.07.1886, Duthie J. F., 5997 (K); Kumaon, Shania, Sargu Valley , 31.07.1900, Inayat, 24107 (K) .

Figures

Figure 5. Flowers of representive species of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. latilabre C H. forceps D H. fallax E H. lanceum F H. edgeworthii G H. monophyllum H H. quinquelobum I H. pugioniforme.

Figure 6. Dorsal sepal of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. lanceum G H. macrophyllum H H. glossophyllum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. handelii L H. elisabethae M H. himalayanum N H. clavigerum O H. quinquelobum P H. macrophyllum Q H. mannii R H. biporosum.

Figure 7. Lateral sepal of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. lanceum G H. macrophyllum H H. glossophyllum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. gracile L H. elisabethae M H. himalayanum N H. clavigerum O H. quinquelobum P H. macrophyllum Q H. lanceum R H. biporosum.

Figure 8. Petal of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. lanceum G H. josephi H H. coiloglossum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. himalayanum L H. elisabethae M H. alaschanicum N H. ophioglossoides O H. quinquelobum P H. macrophyllum Q H. ecalcaratum R H. biporosum

Figure 9. Lip of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. macrophyllum G H. macrophyllum H H. alaschanicum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. longilobatum L H. elisabethae M H. alaschanicum N H. lanceum O H. quinquelobum P H. kamengense Q H. coiloglossum R H. biporosum.

Figure 10. Column structure in Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. josephi C H. latilabre D H. monophyllum E H. kamengense F H. longilobatum F H. himalayanum H H. mannii I H. fallax.