Gymnoclasiopa bohemanni (Becker)

Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2012, A revision of the New World species of Gymnoclasiopa Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae), ZooKeys 248, pp. 1-69 : 18-23

Gymnoclasiopa bohemanni (Becker) Figs 21-24

Clasiopa bohemanni Becker 1896: 159.

Discocerina bohemanni . Cresson 1925: 256 [generic combination].

Ditrichophora bohemanni . Hackman 1980: 128 [generic combination].

Gymnoclasiopa bohemanni . Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 175 [generic combination; world catalog].

Ditrichophora (Gymnoclasiopa) montana Cresson 1942: 120. Wirth 1965: 739 [Nearctic catalog]. Cole 1969: 398 [fauna, western North America]. NEW SYNONYM

Gymnoclasiopa montana . Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 177 [generic combination; world catalog].

Diagnosis.

This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to medium-sized shore flies, body length 1.80-3.35 mm; head and thorax generally microtomentose gray, abdomen subshiny to shiny black. Head: Frons densely but finely microtomentose. Antenna yellowish, sometimes basal flagellomere slightly darkened dorsally; arista bearing 5 dorsal rays. Face relatively flat with antennal grooves inconspicuous; facial microtomentum generally sericeous, bright yellow (males) or grayish yellow (females, grayer in antennal grooves); gena moderately high, gena-to-eye ratio 0.14-0.18. Maxillary palpus yellow to yellowish red. Thorax: Anterolateral area of mesonotum, just mediad of area from postpronotum through notopleuron, densely microtomentose, mostly dull; lateral mesonotal area from and including postpronotum and notopleuron, densely and finely microtomentose; this area of males brown, contrasted with whitish to silvery gray microtomentum of broad, medial portion; same area in female concolorous with medial coloration. Wing of hyaline, not darkened along anterior region; costal ratio 0.0.39-0.50; M vein ratio 0.50-0.59; halter stem yellowish tan, knob yellowish white to white. Forecoxa yellow ventrally; foretibia mostly yellow, sometimes slightly brownish to grayish medially; midtibia mostly yellow to mostly grayish with only apices yellow, but with brownish area around apical 1/3; hindtibia without ventroapical spur, mostly grayish except for apices. Abdomen: Tergites 1-4 sparsely and finely microtomentose medially, subshiny; lateral margins of tergites and tergite 5 shiny black with microtomentum either lacking or sparse. Male terminalia (Figs 21-23): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 21) as a broadly formed, inverted U with the base more narrowly formed, dorsal portion more thinly developed than lateral arms, lateral arms widespread ventrally, shallowly arched, enlarged ventrally, broadly rounded, setulae more clustered at ventral margin; cercus in posterior view (Fig. 21) elongate, irregularly lunate, dorsal apex very narrow, digitiform, expanded toward ventral apex, ventral apex rounded, both lateral and medial margins arched, setulae more clustered at ventral margin; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 23) slipper-like, base shallowly emarginate, tapered very gradually toward apex, apical half nearly parallel sided, apex bluntly rounded, in ventral view (Fig. 22) elongate, expanded laterally from narrow base on basal 1/4, thereafter to apex almost parallel sided, apical margin rounded with tiny notch medially; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 23) more or less irregularly triangular, extension toward hypandrium more elongate than angle towards aedeagal base, in ventral view (Fig. 22) I-shaped, subapical crossbar shorter and basal crossbar, with tapered shoulders, basal crossbar wider, widely Y-shaped, apical margin very shallowly emarginate; ejaculatory apodeme in lateral view robustly comma-shaped, in ventral view obtusely L-shaped; postgonite in lateral view (Fig. 23) with basal half robust, thereafter abruptly tapered to a narrow, slightly tapered, digitiform process, posterior margin with a few setulae, extended process with a single, longer setula, in ventral view (Fig. 22) as an elongate isosceles triangle, tapered gradually toward apex, width of base about half length, angles rounded, lateral and medial margins nearly straight; pregonite in lateral view (Fig. 23) moderately elongate, triangular, width at base almost twice lengths of sides, in ventral view (Fig. 22) lunate with apices pointed; hypandrium in ventral view (Fig. 22) robustly V to U-shaped, lateral margins slightly expanded posteriorly, anterior margin very broadly rounded, posterior margin conspicuously emarginate, widely U-shaped, in lateral view (Fig. 23) narrowly elongate, nearly straight.

Type material.

Lectotype female of Clasiopa bohemanni Becker is labeled "[empty red square]/Type [printed]/Bohemanni Beck [handwritten]/39 [printed]/174 57 [beige; “57” handwritten]/22 64 [beige; “64” handwritten]/LECTOTYPE ♀ Clasiopa bohemanni Becker by Mathis & Zatwarnicki NRS [red]." The lectotype female is double mounted, is in good condition (anterior margin of right wing slightly broken near middle), and is deposited in the NRS. When Becker (1896; 159) described this species he noted that "diese neue Art fand ich in Bohemann’s Sammlung."

The holotype male of Ditrichophora montana Cresson is labeled "GLACIER PARK Avalanche L[a]k[e] [48°39.4'N, 113°47.1'W] 14 July 1935[,] A. L. Melander/TYPE Ditrichophora Montana Cress HoloTYPE 6628 [red; all except “TYPE” handwritten]." The holotype is double mounted (minuten pin in a rectangular card), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the ANSP (6628).

Type locality. Not given, “Bohemann’s Sammlung" (=? Sweden).

Other specimens examined.

Nearctic. CANADA. ALBERTA. Okotoks, Sheep River Campground (50°43.4'N, 113°58.3'W), 27 Jun 1968, W. W. Wirth (1♂; USNM).

BRITISH COLUMBIA. Emerald Lake, Yoho National Park (51°26.3'N, 116°32.5'W); 30 Jul 1935, A. L. Melander (1♀; ANSP). Martin Creek, Alaska Highway DC 243 (57°17.3'N, 121°28'W), 13 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♀; CAS). Pine Pass (37 km NE; highway 97; 55°30'N, 122°40'W), 25 Jun 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (3♂, 1♀; CAS). Prophet River Provincial Campground, Alaska Highway DC 221 (57°58'N, 122°47'W), 13 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♀; CAS). Terrace (52 km SW; 54°14.8'N, 130°17.2'W), 5 Jul 1960, J. G. Chillcott (1♂; USNM).

MANITOBA. The Pas (53°59.5'N, 101°15.2'W), 31 Jul 1937, D. G. Denning (1♀; USNM).

NEWFOUNDLAND. Cachrane Pond (47°58'N, 57°13.4'W), 30 Jun 1961, C. P. Alexander (1♀; USNM). Terra Nova National Park (48°31.8'N, 53°55.7'W), 6-8 Jul 1961, C. P. Alexander (3♂; USNM).

ONTARIO. Klotz Lake (49°48.1'N, 85°51.8'W), 5 Jul 1954, A. H. Sturtevant (1♂, 1♀; USNM).

SASKATCHEWAN. Saskatoon, Beaver Creek (52°08.4'N, 106°41.2'W), 28 Aug 1955, W. W. Wirth (1♂; USNM).

YUKON TERRITORY. Aishihik River, Alaska Highway DC 996.8 (61°40.3'N, 137°28.3'W), 7 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (2♂, 1♀; CAS).

UNITED STATES. ALASKA. Anchorage: Anchorage (61°13.1'N, 149°54'W; Seward Highway), 5 Aug 1964, K. M. Sommerman (3♂; USNM); Mirror Lake (61°25.7'N, 149°24.9'W), 5 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). Fairbanks-Northstar: Colorado Creek, Chena Hot Springs (65°03.2'N, 146°02.9'W), 11 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂, 1♀; CAS). Juneau: Douglas (58°16.5'N, 134°23.6'W), 19 Jun 1954, R. Coleman (1♀; USNM); Gastineau Channel, Thane Road (S Juneau; 58°16.9'N, 134°22.4'W), 20-22 Jul 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (31♂, 9♀; USNM); Juneau, Mendenhall Valley, Riverside Rotary Park (58°22.8'N, 134°35.2'W), 21 Jul 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Kenai Peninsula: Homer (59°38.8'N, 151°31.5'W), 2 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM); Kenai Fjord National Park, Exit Glacier (60°11.7'N, 149°35.8'W; wetlands), 30 Jul 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Kenai River, Jim’s Landing (60°28.9'N, 150°06.9'W), 3 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (6♂, 1♀; USNM); Ninilchik (60°03'N, 151°40.2'W; beach), 2 Jul 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM); Seward (60°08.3'N, 149°23.2'W), 7 Aug 2003, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Seward (21 km N; 60°17.2'N, 149°20.5'W; Snow River), 31 Jul 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (28♂, 12♀; USNM); Skilak Lake (60°26.3'N, 150°19.4'W), 3 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (4♂, ♀; USNM). Matanuska-Susitna: Eklutna (Knik Arm; 61°28.2'N, 149°21.4'W), 7 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 2♀; USNM); Hatcher Pass (61°45'N, 149°13.9'W), 6 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Knik River (61°27.8'N, 148°51.6'W), 5 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (33♂, 7♀; USNM); Little Willow Creek (61°48.6'N, 150°05.8'W; 50 m), 25 Jul 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (10♂; USNM); Matanuska (61°32.5'N, 149°13.8'W; rotary trap), 28 Apr-21 May 1945, J. C. Chamberlin (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Palmer (61°36'N, 149°06.8'W; jeep trap), 7-13 Jul 1964, K. M. Sommerman (2♂, 6♀; USNM); Palmer (Knik River; 61°31.2'N, 148°59.4'W), 6 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Palmer (Matanuska River; 61°36.5'N, 149°04.1'W), 5-16 Aug 2002, 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (8♂, 4♀; USNM); Sheep Creek (61°58.3'N, 150°05'W; 55 m), 10 Aug 2011, D. and W.N. Mathis (2♂, 6♀; USNM); Talkeetna (Susitna River; 61°19.4'N, 150°07.2'W; 120 m), 10 Aug 2011, D. and W.N. Mathis (8♂, 2♀; USNM); Willow Creek (61°46.1'N, 150°04.2'W; 50 m), 26 Jul 2011, D. and W.N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Southeast Fairbanks Census Area: Dry Creek Campground, Glenn Highway A-192 (63°39.2'N, 144°21.8'W), 3 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♀; CAS); Gardiner Creek Camp, Alaska Highway DC 1253 (62°51.5'N, 141°28'W), 5 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♀; CAS); Gerstle River, Alaska Highway DC 1393 (64°03.4'N, 145°08.1'W), 9 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (2♂; CAS). Valdez-Cordova (Census Area): Glennallen (32 km W; 62°05.9'N, 146°05.4'W; 665 m), 27 Jul 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (8♂, 2♀; USNM); Gulkana River (19.3 km N Glenallen; 62°16.1'N, 145°23.1'W), 27 Jul-7 Aug 2011, 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (17♂, 6♀; USNM); Klutina River (mile 101; 61°57.2'N, 145°19.3'W; 315 m), 7 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Tolsona Creek State Campground, Glenn Highway, A 173 (62°03.9'N, 145°59.8'W), 31 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂; CAS); Valdez (61°07.5'N, 146°21.5'W; Ruth Pond), 8 Jul 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM); Valdez, Valdez Glacier Campground (61°07'N, 146°12.6'W), 1 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂, 1♀; CAS).

COLORADO. Chaffee: Green Timber Gulch, Cottonwood Lake (6 km W; 38°45.6'N, 106°20.3'W), 10-12 Jul 1978, T. W. and W. T. Davies (1♂; CAS); Monarch Pass (38°29.8'N, 106°19.5'W; 2440 m), 21 Jun 1940, A. L. Melander (2♂; USNM). Gunnison: Schofield Pass on Gothic Road (39°0.9'N, 107°02.8'W; 2900 m), 1 Aug 1957, A. H. Sturtevant (5♀; USNM). Rio Grande: South Fork (37°40.2'N, 106°38.4'W; 2440 m), 20 Jun 1972, W. W. Wirth (1♂, 1♀; USNM). La Plata: Durango (37°16.5'N, 107°52.8'W), 10 Aug 1950, A. H. Sturtevant (5♂; USNM). Larimer: Estes Park (40°22.6'N, 105°31.3'W), 13 Jul 1934, A. L. Melander (1♀; ANSP); Hidden Valley, Rocky Mountain National Park (40°23.6'N, 105°38.8'W), 8 Aug 1934, A. L. Melander (1♂; ANSP); Virginia Dale (40°57.3'N, 105°21'W), 27 Jul 1953, R. R. Dreisbach (1♀; USNM).

IDAHO. Latah: Big Meadow Creek Recreation Area (11.25 km N Troy; 46°51'N, 116°44.7'W; 915 m; sweeping), 7 Aug 1986, W. J. Turner (1♂; WSU).

MONTANA. Flathead: Glacier National Park, Lake McDonald (48°35'N, 113°55.6'W), 13 Jun 1935, A. L. Melander (1♀; ANSP).

NEBRASKA. Dawes: Chadron (42°42.5'N, 103°01'W), 20 Aug 1950, A. H. Sturtevant (1♂; USNM).

SOUTH DAKOTA. Custer: Sylvan Lakes (42°50.6'N, 103°33.7'W), 19 Jul 1924 (1♀; ANSP).

UTAH. Carbon: Deadman Canyon (16 km NE Price; 39°41.7'N, 110°44'W; 2055 m), 14 Aug 2008, D. and W. N. Mathis (5♂, 4♀; USNM). Garfield: Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument: spring off highway 12, Henrieville (12 km E; 37°36.8'N, 111°53.8'W; 2005 m), 2-17 Aug 2000, W. N. Mendel, E. C. Green, M. Moody (1♂; BYU). Grand: Harley Dome (39°10.4'N, 109°08'W), 13 Aug 1958 (1♀; USNM). Salt Lake: Little Cottonwood Canyon (40°34.7'N, 111°47.8'W), 23 Aug 1940, A. L. Melander (1♀; USNM). Sanpete: Ephraim (39°21.6'N, 111°35.2'W), 18 Aug 1953, A. H. Sturtevant (1♀; USNM).

WASHINGTON. Island: Keystone Ferry (1.6 km E; 48°10.1'N, 122°38.2'W), 13 Aug 1977, R. S. & V. L. Zack (1♂; WSU). Pierce: Mount Rainier National Park, Summerland Trail (46°52.0'N, 121°38.1'W), 24 Jul 1924, A. L. Melander (1♀; ANSP). Whitman: Steptoe Canyon (16 km SW Colton; 46°27.1'N, 117°12.4'W; Malaise trap with dry ice), 3 Aug 1974, W. J. Turner (1♂; WSU).

WYOMING. Sublette: Slide Lake (43°16.5'N, 109°46.9'W), 14 Aug 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (3♂, 2♀; USNM). Teton: Teton Pass (43°29.9'N, 110°57.3'W), 10 Aug 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (2♂; USNM); Yellowstone National Park, Riverside (44°28.4'N, 110°50.4'W), 4 Aug 1919, A. L. Melander (1♀; ANSP).

Distribution

(Fig. 24). Nearctic: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon Territory), United States (Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming). Palearctic: Austria, Finland, Iceland, Mongolia (Bayan Ölgiy, Khovd), Sweden.

Remarks.

This species, like many but not all congeners, is sexually dimorphic, especially the coloration of the face and the mesonotal area from the postpronotum to the base of the wing as noted in the diagnosis. These differences, which were not always recognized, probably was a major factor contributing to this species being described more than once.

This species is similar to Gymnoclasiopa pulchella in having yellowish antennae, maxillary palpi, and foretibiae (sometimes brownish apically) but is distinguished from that species as follows (also see key): The anterolateral area of the mesonotum, just mediad of the area from the postpronotum through the notopleuron is densely microtomentose, mostly dull; the lateral mesonotal area from and including the postpronotum and the notopleuron is densely and finely microtomentose (this area in males is brown and is contrasted with whitish to silvery gray microtomentum of the broad, medial portion; the same area in females is concolorous with the medial coloration).