Glyptapanteles annettewalkerae Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles annettewalkerae Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Figs 23 , 24

Female.

Body length 3.18 mm, antenna length 3.28 mm, fore wing length 3.13 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: COSTA RICA • 1♀; 10-SRNP-35889, DHJPAR0041868; Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Cacao, Sendero Nayo ; cloud forest; 1,090 m; 10.92446, -85.46953; 24.viii.2010; Dunia Garcia leg.; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoon formed on 01.ix.2010; adult parasitoids emerged on 09.ix.2010; ( CNC) . Paratypes. • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); 10-SRNP-35885, DHJPAR0041861; same data as for holotype except: single white cocoon formed on 01.ix.2010 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 08.ix.2010; ( CNC). • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 10-SRNP-35883, DHJPAR0041865; same data as for holotype except: single white cocoon (not white bud-like cocoon) adhered to the leaf substrate; adult parasitoids emerged on 10.ix.2010; ( CNC). • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); 10-SRNP-35888, DHJPAR0041866; same data as for holotype except: adult parasitoids emerged on 10.ix.2010; ( CNC) .

Other material.

Reared material. COSTA RICA: Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector Rincón Rain Forest, Sendero Albergue Crater : • 1 (0 ♀, 0) (1♀, 0 ♂); 10-SRNP-1390, DHJPAR0039020; 980 m; 10.84886, -85.3281; 14.iii.2010; Carolina Cano leg. ; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 16.iii.2010; adult parasitoids emerged on 26.iii.2010.

Diagnosis.

Propleuron with fine punctations throughout ( Fig. 23C, J ), axillary trough of metanotum with undulate carinae throughout ( Figs 23G , 24C ), medioposterior band of scutellum not overlapping the medioanterior pit of metanotum ( Figs 23F , 24C ), longitudinal median carina on face absent ( Fig. 23B ), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets ( Fig. 23B ), scutellar punctation distinct throughout ( Figs 23F , 24B ), fore wing with tubular vein 1 cu-a incomplete/broken, not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein, r vein curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a slight stub ( Fig. 23L ), petiole on T1 evenly narrowing over its length ( Figs 23H , 24D ), surface of metasternum flat or nearly so, edges of median area on T2 obscured by weak longitudinal stripes ( Figs 23H, I , 24D, G ), and dorsal outer depression on hind coxa absent ( Fig. 24A, F ).

Coloration

( Fig. 23 A–M ). General body coloration black except apex of pedicel and clypeus yellow-brown; labrum, mandibles, and tegulae yellow; glossa, maxillary and labial palps ivory; distal 1/3 of propleuron and some spots on dorsal and ventral edge of pronotum yellow-brown. Eyes purple (in preserved specimen) and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs light yellow or ivory although edges from femora to tarsomeres yellow, and claws brown; hind legs with trochanter and trochantellus ivory, coxae proximally black with apex ivory, femora ivory and with a tiny distal brown spot, tibiae yellow with both ends brown, and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas pale yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas black, and narrow lateral ends yellow; T3 with a medial brown area that coincides with the width of median and adjacent areas on T2; T4 and beyond brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellowish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 completely light yellow or ivory; T4 and beyond yellow, but dorsally brown, extent of brown area increasing from proximal to distal. All sterna light yellow or ivory, although hypopygium medially yellow-brown; ovipositor sheaths brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 23 A–D ). Head triangular with long and dense pubescence. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.29:0.08, 0.28:0.08, 0.26:0.08); antenna longer than body (3.28, 3.18); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face convex with scattered and finely punctate, interspaces smooth, and longitudinal median carina absent. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces clearly smooth. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.10, 0.14). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 23A, E–G, J ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces smooth. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, scutellar punctation distinct throughout, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS not overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune with a little, complete parallel carinae; dorsal ATS groove with carinae only proximally. Transscutal articulation with small and homogeneous foveae; area just behind transscutal articulation with same kind of sculpture as mesoscutum and with a sloped transverse strip. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM circular with some sculpture inside; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick and smooth; ATM with undulate carinae throughout. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half curved and with rather coarse sculpture and distal half rugose with a shallow dent at each side of nucha; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and short stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum and dorsal furrow smooth, but ventral furrow with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped.

Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire without seta; fore telotarsus proximally narrow and distally wide and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.14, 0.07). Hind coxa finely punctate throughout, and dorsal outer depression absent. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.30, 0.25), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus longer than fourth tarsomere (0.20, 0.15).

Wings ( Fig. 23L, M ). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A present only proximally as spectral vein; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight and incomplete/broken, not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally evenly convex, subproximally evenly convex, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 23A, H, I, K ). Metasoma cylindrical . Petiole on T1 with rugae all over except antero-median depression, petiole evenly narrowing distally (length 0.45, maximum width 0.20, minimum width 0.14) with apex truncate, and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.21, length T2 0.21); edges of median area obscured by weak longitudinal stripes, median area broader than long (length 0.21, maximum width 0.40, minimum width 0.10); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.26, 0.21), T3 with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoon. White cocoon with silk fibers messy/disordered/fluffy. Single cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate.

Comments.

The antenna is broken, only with 11 flagellomeres.

Male

( Fig. 24 A–G ). The body coloration is darker than in female: light yellow-brown rather than light yellow/ivory. The sterna are completely yellow-brown with arthrodial membranes yellow; the hind coxa is black with apex yellow. The lateral margins of the median area on T2 are slightly curved (convex, Fig. 24D, G ).

Etymology.

Named after Annette K. Walker, now in New Zealand but previously in London specializing in Microgastrinae as part of the Commonwealth Institute of Entomology.

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillars were collected in Costa Rica, ACG, Sector Cacao (Sendero Nayo) and Sector Rincón Rain Forest (Sendero Albergue Crater), during March and August 2010 at 980 m and 1,090 m in cloud forests.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is solitary.

Host.

Syllepte nitidalis Dognin ( Crambidae : Spilomelinae) feeding on Malvaviscus arboreus ( Malvaceae ) and Trichaea pilicornis Herrich-Schäffer ( Crambidae : Spilomelinae) feeding on Psychotria panamensis ( Rubiaceae ). Caterpillars were collected in third instar.

Figures

Figure 23. Glyptapanteles annettewalkerae sp. nov. female 10 - SRNP- 35889 DHJPAR 0041868 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E Propodeum, dorsal view F Mesonotum, dorsal view G Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsolateral view H T 1 - 3, dorsal view I, K Metasoma I Dorsal view K Lateral view J Mesosoma, lateral view L, M Wings L Fore M Hind.

Figure 24. Glyptapanteles annettewalkerae sp. nov. male 10 - SRNP- 35883 DHJPAR 0041865 A Habitus B Mesonotum, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsolateral view D T 1 - 2, dorsal view E Mesosoma, lateral view F, G metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view.