Dissochaeta stipularis (Blume) Backer ex Clausing in S.S.Renner et al., Fl. Thailand 7(3): 431. 2001.

Kartonegoro, Abdulrokhman, Veldkamp, Jan Frits, Hovenkamp, Peter & Welzen, Peter van, 2018, A revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae, Dissochaeteae), PhytoKeys 107, pp. 1-178 : 1

52. Dissochaeta stipularis (Blume) Backer ex Clausing in S.S.Renner et al., Fl. Thailand 7(3): 431. 2001. Map 27

Melastoma stipulare Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind 17: 1073. 1826.

Aplectrum stipulare (Blume) Blume, Flora 14: 503. 1831.

Anplectrum stipulare (Blume) Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 28: 84. 1872.

Anplectrum annulatum Triana, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 28: 84. 1872. Type: Malaysia. Peninsular Malaysia, Penang, N. Wallich 4056 (holotype: K n.v.).

Diplectria stipularis (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 246. 1891.

Diplectria annulata (Triana) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 246. 1891.

Anplectrum lepidoto-setosum King, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 69(2): 56. 1900. Type: Malaysia. Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, B. Scortechini 2106 (lectotype, designated here: K [K000859525]!; isolectotypes: CAL n.v., SING n.v.).

Anplectrum crassinodum Merr., Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 223. 1929, non. Merr. (1939). Type: Malaysia. Sabah: Elphinstone Province, Tawao, A.D.E. Elmer 21291 (lectotype, designated here: BO [BO1865944]!; isolectotypes: K [K000859624]!, L [L0537307]!, SING n.v.).

Backeria stipularis (Blume) Bakh. f., Contr. Melastom.: 132. 1943.

Diplectria annulata (Triana) Kuntze var. seticarpa Furtado, Gard. Bull. Singapore 20: 107. 1963. Type: Malaysia. Pahang: Bentong, Sabai Estate, 400 ft. elev., 27 Jan 1958. M. Shah 176 (holotype: SING n.v.; isotypes: BO [BO1760865]!, K [K000859524]!, L [L0537303]!).

Backeria annulata (Triana) Raizada, Indian Forester 94: 435. 1968.

Type.

Indonesia. West Java, G. Seribu, C.L. Blume 857 (lectotype, designated by Veldkamp et al. 1979, pg. 424: L [L0537306]!; isolectotypes: L [L0537304, L0537305]!, P [P02274923, image seen]!).

Description.

Climbing up to 8 m in height; branchlets terete, 3-4 mm in diameter, with minute stellate hairs and scattered, ca. 2 mm long, reddish-brown bristles; nodes swollen, with raised annular crest-like interpetiolar ridge, up to 5 mm wide, densely covered with stellate hairs and scattered bristles; internodes 4.7-10 cm long. Leaves: petioles terete, 5-8 mm long, densely with stellate hairs and bristles; blades elliptic to elliptic oblong, 11-13.5 × 3.7-4.8 cm, membranous or subcoriaceous, base rounded to subcordate, margin entire, apex acute or acuminate, tip 1-2 cm long; nervation with 1 pair of lateral nerves and 1 pair of intramarginal nerves; adaxially glabrous, abaxially glabrous, except sparse stellate hairs and bristles at base of midrib. Inflorescences terminal, up to 12 cm long, many-flowered; main axis densely covered with stellate hairs and bristles, bright red; primary axes 3-5 cm long with 2-4 nodes, secondary axes up to 4 cm long with 1 or 2 nodes, tertiary axes up to 1.5 cm long with 1 node; bracts linear, 5-8 mm long, densely stellate-furfuraceous and bristly; bracteoles linear, 3-4 mm long, densely stellate-furfuraceous and bristly; pedicels densely stellate-furfuraceous and with bristle hairs, 3-5 mm long in central flowers, 1-3 mm long in lateral flowers, bright red. Hypanthium cyathiform-tubular, 3-3.5 × 2-2.5 mm, glabrous or stellately furfuraceous and covered with bristle hairs; calyx lobes truncate with 4 small points, ca. 0.5 mm long, densely bristly; petal buds conical, 1-2 mm long; mature petals ovate, 2-3 × ca. 2 mm, base clawed, apex acute, white or white purplish. Stamens 8, unequal, filaments straight; alternipetalous stamens staminodial with 2-2.5 mm long filaments, anthers rudimentary, thecae 2-3 mm long, slender, terete, white, basal crest triangular or ligular, thin, ca. 1 mm long, lateral appendages paired, linear, flat, filiform, ca. 1 mm long; oppositipetalous stamens with 2-3 mm long filaments, anthers thick, curved, hooked, thecae 2-3 mm long, apex obtuse, yellow, basal crest shortly triangular, ca. 0.3 mm long, lateral appendages absent. Ovary ⅔ of hypanthium in length, apex glabrous; style 4-6 mm long, curved at the end, slender, glabrous, pink; stigma minute; extra-ovarial chambers 4, oppositipetalous, shallow reaching only upper ⅓ of the ovary. Fruits subglobose, 4-5 × 3-4 mm, glabrous or bristly; calyx lobe remnants persistent. Seeds ca. 0.5 mm long.

Distribution.

Thailand (Southern Peninsula), Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Philippines (Palawan).

Ecology and habitat.

Secondary forest or along riverbanks at 75-250 m elevation.

Vernacular names.

Peninsular Malaysia: kayu matahari (Pahang); akar lekumbang (Selangor); sesendok (Perak). Borneo: kudok-kudok (Brunei).

Specimens examined.

THAILAND. Songkhla: Hat Yai, Ko Hong, 75 m, 23 Jan 1986, J.F. Maxwell 86-45 (L). MALAYSIA. Kelantan: Chaning, 2 Feb 1917, H.N. Ridley s.n. (K); Gunong Stong, 244 m, 15 Aug 1969, T.C. Whitmore FRI 12509 (K, L); Sungai Terang, S. Lebir, 8 Jul 1935, M.R. Henderson SFN 29646 (K); Ibid., Ulu Lebir, Anon. FRI 17707 (K, L); Kuala Mersing, Sungai Brok, 183 m, 13 Jun 1967, F.S.P. Ng FRI 5423 (L). Malacca: Ayer Panas, Nov 1894, H.N. Ridley 1574 (BM). Negeri Sembilan: Jelebu, Serting Forest Reserve, 200 m, 1 Oct 1996, E.C. Gardette 2279 (L). Pahang: Bentong, Sabai Estate, 122 m, 27 Jan 1958, M. Shah 176 (BO, K, L). Penang: Government Hill, Oct 1886, C. Curtis 1078 (K). Perak: B. Scortechini 2106 (K); Grik, 16 Nov 1966, Ismail KEP 95044 (K, L); Gunong Bubu, 19 Jun 1969, P. Selvaraj FRI 11163 (L). Selangor: Kepong, 1 Sep 1927, Pawanche & Awang Lela 13652 (K); Klang Gates, 1 Jan 1921, H.N. Ridley s.n. (K); Ulu Gombak, 180 m, 26 Aug 1928, P.F. Strugnell 13618 (K). Terengganu: Dungun, Jerangau Road, 16 Nov 1954, J. Sinclair & Kiah SFN 40491 (BM, K, L); Ulu Brang, 106 m, Jul 1937, L. Moysey & Kiah SFN 33853 (K); Tasik Kenyir, Simpan Tembat, 217 m, 19 Nov 2008, M. K. Hisham FRI 59338 (L). Sabah: Beaufort, Beaufort Hill, 29 m, 12 Mar 1962, G. Mikil SAN 28134 (L); Kalabakan, Benaword, 24 Apr 1980, Fidilis & Sumbing SAN 91826 (L); Keningau, Sepulut, 10 Jul 1974, Fidilis & Sumbing SAN 103629 (K, L); Nabawan, Rashna Road, 21 Aug 1976, Dewol SAN 83878 (L); Witti Range, Shang Lian, 23 Aug 1985, Sumbing SAN 110178 (L); Ulu Sungai Tinagalan, 15 Nov 1985, Asik Mantor SAN 113060 (L); Ranau, Trus Madi, Mamut Copper Mine, 1000 m, 9 Jul 1984, J.H. Beaman et al. 10653 (L); Ibid., Mount Kinabalu, 550 m, 8 Jun 1961, W.L. Chew, E.J.H. Corner & A. Stainton RSNB 528 (L); Ibid., Hot Spring, 762 m, 23 Sep 1964, G. Mikil SAN 41905 (L); Sandakan, Telupid, Tangkulap, 28 May 1988, Dewol & Maidil SAN 124683 (L); Semporna, Mount Pock, 91 m, 24 Nov 1965, N. Gansau SAN 54477 (L); Tawau, 1923, A.D.E. Elmer 21291 (BO, K, L); Ibid., Apas Road, 30 m, 24 Jun 1959, W. Meijer SAN 19243 (L, PNH); Ibid., Tawau River, 300 m, 11 Nov 1968, S. Kokawa & M. Hotta 892 (L); Ibid., Brumas, 8 Feb 1977, Fidilis & Awang SAN 85351 (L); Tenom, Tomani, Kambaliangan Hill, 122 m, 10 Oct 1966, A. Talip SAN 50522 (L). Sarawak: Baram, Mount Dulit, Ulu Tinjar, 300 m, 23 Aug 1932, P.W. Richards 1401 (L). BRUNEI. Belait: Merangking, 17 Nov 1994, N. Nangkat et al. BRUN 15570 (K); Ibid., 40 m, 12 Apr 1995, S. Ismail et al. BRUN 16601 (L); Muara, Bukit Tempayan, 19 May 1994, Joffre et al. BRUN 15465 (K). Tutong: Ulu Tutong, Kampong Litad, 29 Jun 1993, N. Nangkat et al. BRUN 15229 (K, L); Tasik Merimbun, 27 Feb 1996, K. Ogata et al. Og-B94 (L); Ibid., 20 m, 15 Sep 2000, E. Suzuki K.13181 (L); Sungei Tutong, 20 m, 5 Nov 1991, D.A. Simpson & M. Marsh 2600 (L). INDONESIA. North Sumatra: Pematang Siantar, 450 m, 22 Jul 1937, J.A. Lörzing 17296 (BO, L). Riau: Kampar, Tambun, Bukit Suligi, 400-550 m, 29 Apr 1999, D. Arbain & R. Tamin 12 AS (ANDA). West Sumatra: Padang, Limau Manis, 400 m, 14 Dec 1991, Nurainas 071 (ANDA). Banten: Gunung Seribu, C.L. Blume s.n. (L, P). East Java: Malang, Tirtoyudo, Pujiharjo, Tumpak Kembang, Oct 2002, S. Riswan, J.J. Afriastini & Nurdin ML051 (BO, L). East Kalimantan: Sangkulirang, Pelawan Besar, Gunung Toda, 25 m, 11 May 1937, Aet 294 (BO, L); Long Sungai Barang, 750 m, 16 Oct 1991, J. van Valkenburg 1041 (L). South Kalimantan: Tanah Laut, Kintap, 200 m, 17 Apr 1985, A.J.M. Leeuwenberg & Rudjiman 13432 (L). PHILIPPINES. Palawan: Pagdanan Range, San Vicente, 100 m, 23 Apr 1984, A.C. Podzorski SMHI 944 (K, L).

Figures

Map 27. Distribution of D. stipularis (●).