Dicranomyia (Erostrata) koreana, Kim & Bae, 2023

Kim, Jisoo & Bae, Yeon Jae, 2023, Description of two new species of Dicranomyia (Erostrata) crane fly (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Korea, with remarks on DNA barcoding and updated taxonomic key, ZooKeys 1157, pp. 193-206 : 193

Dicranomyia (Erostrata) koreana sp. nov.

Figs 3 , 4

Type material.

Holotype: Korea • ♂; Jeju-do, Seogwipo-si, Hawon-dong, Mt. Hallasan; 33°20.95'N, 126°29.72'E; alt. 1220 m; 13 Jun.-4 Aug. 2021; Y. J. Bae leg.; Malaise trap; GenBank: OM102979; CF21-0148; NIBR.

Paratypes: Korea • 1 ♂; Gyeonggi-do, Gapyeong-si, Buk-myeon, Jeokmok-ri, Garim-gyo (Br.); 37°58.60'N, 127°26.55'E; alt. 300 m; 25 Jul.-1 Aug. 2015; Y. J. Bae leg.; Malaise trap; published as D. (E.) tabashii by Podenas et al. (2019); KUEM • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 2-8 Aug. 2015; published as D. (E.) tabashii by Podenas et al. (2019); KUEM • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 23-29 Jul. 2016; published as D. (E.) tabashii by Podenas et al. (2019); KUEM • 1 ♂; Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Bangdong-ri, Mt. Bangtaesan; 37°54.50'N, 128°24.41'E; alt. 690 m; 30 Jul.-16 Sep. 2019; Y. J. Bae leg.; Malaise trap; KUEM • 1 ♂; Gyeonsangnam-do, Sancheong-gun, Sicheon-myeon, Jungsan-ri, Jungsan-ri Campsite, Mount Jirisan; 35°18.63'N, 127°45.09'E; alt. 700 m; 28 Jul. 2021; J. Kim, C. Lim, D. Lee, W. Lee leg.; sweeping; GenBank: OP081140; CF21-0152; KUEM.

Diagnosis.

Palpus is 3-segmented. Center of male seventh sternite has a deep conical internal sac that has a wide, round entrance. Outer face of gonostylus has two setae arising from a small tubercle. Paramere is elongated and narrow, distally with a darkened tip.

Description.

Male (holotype). Body length 3.5 mm, wing length 4.5 mm, antenna length 0.7 mm. General body coloration yellow (Fig. 3A ).

Head (Fig. 3B ). Dark brown dorsally, yellow ventrally. Vertex with a distinct black spot between compound eyes. Antennae 14-segmented; scape pale brown; pedicel yellowish brown; flagellum brown. Rostrum pale, reduced. Palpus 3-segmented, yellowish brown; basal 1/2 of first palpomere pale.

Thorax. Prescutum, scutum and scutellum yellow. Mediotergite yellowish brown. Pleuron entirely pale yellow, without lateral stripes. Wing (Fig. 3C ) tinged with pale brown; veins brown; tip of Sc reaching ca 1/3 of Rs; sc-r at tip of Sc; R1 indistinct; R2 ending distinctly beyond tip of R1; discal cell closed; m-cu slightly beyond fork of M. Halter pale brown. Legs with coxae and trochanters pale yellow; femora and tibiae brownish yellow; tarsal segments light brown. Femur I 2.4 mm; femur II 2.8 mm; femur III 3.1 mm; tibia I 2.8 mm; tibia II 2.4 mm; tibia III 2.8 mm; tarsus I 2.9 mm; tarsus II 2.5 mm; tarsus III 2.4 mm. Claw without additional tooth.

Abdomen. Tergites yellow except pale eighth tergite; sternites paler. Seventh sternite (Fig. 3D ) with central deep, conical, slightly darkened sac, and rounded entrance.

Male terminalia (Fig. 3E-H ). Yellow. Ninth tergite rounded (Fig. 3E ), wider basally, narrower apically; posterior margin with two short, setose lateral lobes separated by shallow U-shaped incision. Gonocoxite elongated, ventromesal lobe margin rounded and covered with setae, reaching beyond tip of aedeagus. Gonostylus (Fig. 3E, F ) widened at base and narrowed at apex, with short, black dorsal spine at tip; dorsal margin near the base with small protuberance bearing two pale setae. Paramere (Fig. 3G, H ) with basal part bilobed, distal lobe elongated and narrow, slightly darkened at tip. Aedeagus (Fig. 3G ) apically bent downwards, bifid at tip.

Female. Body length 3.8 mm, wing length 4.7 mm, antenna length 0.7 mm (N = 1). General body coloration lighter than male.

Female terminalia (Fig. 3I-J ). Yellow. Cercus curved dorsally (Fig. 3I ), gradually tapered to pointed tip. Genital fork broad, as long as width, not extending to base of cercus. Hypovalva elongated, blade-shaped reaching slightly before tip of cercus, with distinct dark spot at basal area. Distal end bearing dorsal and ventral serration (Fig. 3J ).

Etymology.

Specific name " koreana " refers to the country of its discovery, Korea.

Distribution.

The species is widely distributed in Korea, including Jejudo Island.

Habitats.

This species is found along intermittent mountain streams in moist mixed forests with grassy vegetation (Fig. 4A ) and in wet deciduous forest along the rocky margins of small mountain streams (Fig. 4B ). Adults share their habitats with D. (E.) globulithorax on Mount Bangtaesan and with D. (E.) tabashii on Mount Jirisan.

Period of activity.

Adults are mainly active from July through August.

Remarks.

In terms of the shape of the male terminalia, D. (E.) koreana sp. nov. is similar to D. (E.) tabashii , but it can be distinguished by the following characters: palpus 3-segmented (vs 2-segmented); male seventh sternite with weakly darkened, conical internal sac with round entrance (vs strongly darkened, U-shaped internal sac); paramere with darkened tip (vs without). This species is also similar to another species, D. (E.) jejuensis sp. nov. based on the male genital structures, but it can be distinguished by the following characters: male seventh sternite with a deep, conical internal sac (vs shallow, V-shaped notch); gonostylus with two setae from tubercle (vs a single seta); paramere without hook at tip (vs with hook).

The male genitalia of D. (E.) koreana sp. nov. from Mount Bangtaesan differs from other materials of the species based on the shape of the seventh sternite internal sack (shallow conical without rounded mouth) and paramere distal lobe (pointed tip). However, additional specimens are needed to determine whether this difference is due to intra- or interspecific variation.

Figures

Figure 3. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) koreana sp. nov. A habitus, male (holotype) B head, male (paratype) C wing, male (paratype) D male seventh sternite, ventral view E male terminalia, dorsal view F gonostylus, ventral view G aedeagal complex, dorsal view H paramere, lateral view I female terminalia, lateral view J tip of hypovalva, lateral view. Abbreviation: tb - tubercle. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, C); 0.5 mm (B, D, E, I); 0.1 mm (F, G, H, J).

Figure 4. Habitats of Dicranomyia (Erostrata) koreana sp. nov. A Jejudo Island B Mt. Jirisan.