Dianthiphos klaudiae ( Kovács & Vicián, 2023 )

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2024, The Colubrariidae, Eosiphonidae, Melongenidae, Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 5427 (1), pp. 1-110 : 42-45

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5427.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:923206B0-E8C5-4FD5-B882-55009ABB0282
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE9F1C-FFB3-0C6B-FF65-FBD2EDEDFEE2
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Dianthiphos klaudiae ( Kovács & Vicián, 2023 )
status

Treatment

Dianthiphos klaudiae ( Kovács & Vicián, 2023)

Figs 15I View FIGURE 15 , 22A–E View FIGURE 22

Buccinum Tritonium Partsch View in CoL — Hauer 1837: 417 [nomen nudum].

Buccinum Tritonium Partsch View in CoL — Hörnes 1848: 17 [nomen nudum].

Buccinum Philippii Michelotti —Hörnes 1852: 161, pl. 13, figs 16–17 [non Dianthiphos philippi ( Michelotti, 1847) ].

Pollia Philippi Michti. sp. —Hoernes & Auinger 1890: 239: pl. 28, figs 11a–b [non Dianthiphos philippi ( Michelotti, 1847) ]. C [antharus]. (P [ollia]). Philippi Micht.— Sieber 1958: 151 [non Dianthiphos philippi ( Michelotti, 1847) ].

* Pisania klaudiae View in CoL n. sp. — Kovács & Vicián 2023: 252, figs 12J–Q.

Type material. Holotype: HNHM, PAL 2023.31 .1., SL 21.8 mm, MD 10.8 mm, Letkés ( Hungary), illustrated in Kovács & Vicián 2023: figs 12 J, K, L . Paratype: HNHM, PAL 2023.32 .1., SL 12.5 mm, MD 6.1 mm, Letkés ( Hungary), illustrated in Kovács & Vicián 2023: figs 12P, Q .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1846/0037/0144, SL: 27.9 mm, MD: 13.7 mm, illustrated in Hörnes (1852: pl. 13, fig. 16), Gainfarn ( Austria), Figs 22A View FIGURE 22 1 –A View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . NHMW 1855/0045/0664, SL: 26.1 mm, MD: 12.3 mm, Gainfarn or Steinebrunn ( Austria), Figs 22B View FIGURE 22 1 –B View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . NHMW 1866/0001/1263, SL: 26.3 mm, MD: 12.4 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Figs 22C View FIGURE 22 . NHMW 1863/0015/1126, SL: 24.1 mm, MD: 11.1 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Figs 22D View FIGURE 22 1 –D View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . NHMW 1863/0015/1113, SL: 26.2 mm, MD: 12.4 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Figs 22E View FIGURE 22 1 –E View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . NHMW 1846/0037/0144a, SL: 16.4 mm, MD: 7.7 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Fig. 15I View FIGURE 15 .

Additional material. 2 spec., 1855/0045/0664, Gainfarn or Steinebrunn ( Austria) . NHMW 1857 View Materials /0014/0209, SL: 16.4 mm, MD: 7.8 mm, illustrated in Hörnes (1852: pl. 13, fig. 16), Steinebrunn ( Austria) . 9 spec., NHMW 1863 View Materials /0015/0026, Gainfarn ( Austria) . 8 spec., NHMW 1871 View Materials /0010/0336, Steinebrunn ( Austria) .

Description. Medium-sized, solid, moderately slender, fusiform shell; apical angle ~48°. Protoconch large, conical of about three whorls (nucleus not preserved in available material); diameter: 1200 μm, height:> 1200 μm. Teleoconch of five whorls. Early teleoconch whorls weakly convex with moderately incised suture. Sculpture of broad axial ribs, separated by narrower interspaces, overrun by four broad spiral cords swollen over ribs; secondary spiral cords intercalated on second and third teleoconch whorls; tertiary threads on third and fourth whorls. Abapically, sculpture becomes indistinct; axials disappear, and cords weaken, leaving distinct growth lines, forming delicate, cancellate sculpture in spiral interspaces on last whorl. Last whorl attaining 62–65% of total height, moderately convex, slowly contracting at base; terminal varix prominent; one further varix present on last whorl in some specimens; fasciole indistinct covered by numerous spiral cords. Aperture moderately narrow, ovate. Columella moderately excavated, weakly angled at transition to siphonal canal, bearing a few weak denticles, decreasing in strength adapically. Columellar callus forming broad rim, thickened abapically, thinning in parietal region, moderately delimited from base. Anal canal incised, U-shaped, with distinct parietal denticle and strong bifid anal denticle. Outer lip thickened bearing about 16 prominent elongated denticles close behind peristome. Siphonal canal moderately short, wide, shallowly notched.

Paratethyan synonyms. Buccinum tritonium is a nomen nudum, introduced by Paul Maria Partsch (1791–1856) on collection labels, cited later by Hauer (1837) and Hörnes (1848). This name is also a homonym of Buccinum tritonium de Blainville, 1826 [= Tritia varicosa (W. Turton, 1825) ].

Discussion. Dianthiphos klaudiae ( Kovács & Vicián, 2023) was identified as Dianthiphos philippi ( Michelotti, 1847) by Hörnes (1853) and Hoernes & Auinger (1890), which was described from the Late Miocene of Stazzano ( Italy) by Michelotti (1847: 277, pl. 9, fig. 20) and Bellardi (1873: 179, pl. 12, fig. 18). Both species are similar in shape and general sculpture, but Dianthiphos philippi differs in its more prominent axial sculpture, the more numerous lirae in the outer lip and the broader and thicker columellar callus. Moreover, Dianthiphos philippi attains about 31 mm in height and is larger than Dianthiphos klaudiae .

The extant Cancellopollia gracilis Vermeij& Bouchet, 1998 , from New Caledonia, type species of Cancellopollia Vermeij & Bouchet, 1998 , is also reminiscent of the Paratethyan species in general outline and sculpture but has numerous low axial ribs on the last whorl, bearing delicate nodes at the intersections with the spiral cords.

Paleoenvironment. Coastal marine, inner neritic; the occurrences at Gainfarn and Steinebrunn suggest the vicinity of sea grass (Zuschin et al. 2007; own data).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria), Jerutek, Drnovice u Vyškova ( Czech Republic) (Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Vienna Basin: Gainfarn, Steinebrunn ( Austria) (Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Pannonian Basin: Letkés ( Hungary) ( Kovács & Vicián 2023).

Genus Hilda Hoernes & Auinger, 1884

Type species. Triton (Hilda) transsylvanicum Hoernes & Auinger 1884 View in CoL , by monotypy. Middle Miocene , Romania

Original diagnosis. “differs from typical Epidromus [= Colubraria Schumacher, 1817 View in CoL ] shells in the lack of varices and from forms of the genus Lagena [= Pollia Gray, 1834 View in CoL ] by its slenderer shape” (Hoernes & Auinger 1884: 182; translated from German).

Revised diagnosis. Medium-sized, moderately broad fusiform with paucispiral protoconch. Sculpture of axial ribs overrun by primary, secondary and tertiary spiral cords. Axial sculpture weakening during ontogeny. Aperture ovate with broadly excavated columella, angled transition into moderately long siphonal canal. Anal canal accentuated by parietal knob and prominent, often bifid, adapical anal denticle within outer lip. Outer lip thickened with prominent elongated denticles starting at edge of outer lip, of which adapical ones form distinct pairs.

Included species. Only the type species is known.

Stratigraphic and geographic range. Middle Miocene, Central Paratethys Sea.

Discussion. The type species of Hilda was placed in Pisania by Beu & Maxwell (1987) [type species Voluta syracusana Gmelin, 1791 = Pisania striata ( Gmelin, 1791) ; subsequent designation by Bucquoy et al. (1882: 25), but see ICZN Opinion 740, 1965. Present-day, Mediterranean Sea]. The original diagnosis of Pisania is “Shell ovate subfusiform. Aperture ovate, slightly emarginate, with a very short or nearly absent canal. Columella with folds or transverse teeth. The inside of the lip is serrated. Columellar lip thin, adnate.” (Bivona e Bernardi 1832: 10, translated from Latin). Pisania species, as reviewed by Cernohorsky (1971), comprise ovate shells with weakly incised suture and weak axial sculpture, which is restricted to the early teleoconch whorls. Hilda differs from Pisania species in its deeper suture, the well separated and narrower siphonal canal, the broad and well defined columellar lip which bears prominent denticles, and the longer and more prominent denticles in the outer lip, which reach to the peristome. Like Hilda , some Pisania species may also form paired denticles [e.g., Pisania fasciculata ( Reeve, 1846b) ], but not the type species Pisania striata . Moreover, the prominent spiral and axial sculpture is quite atypical for Pisania . Therefore, we reject the synonymization of Hilda with Pisania , as proposed by Beu & Maxwell (1987), and resurrect Hilda as valid genus. The occurrence of Pisania in the Mediterranean Miocene will need revision. Unambiguous occurrences of the genus start in the Pliocene ( Brunetti & Della Bella 2016).

Hilda is reminiscent of the extant Sinetectula Fraussen & Vermeij, 2021 from the Indo-West Pacific [type species Triton egregius Reeve, 1844 , original designation by Fraussen & Vermeij (2021: 157)]. They are distinguished by the row of prominent denticles in the outer lip in Sinetectula , whereas Hilda develops roughly paired denticles. Species of the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific genus Bailya Smith, 1944 [type species Triton anomalus Hinds, 1844 ; present-day, Panama] have a similar shell outline, but differ in their smooth columella, which lacks an angulation at the transition to the siphonal canal, the nearly smooth outer lip and the prominent axial sculpture on the last whorl (see Watters 2009: 246). Hilda is distinguished from Aplus De Gregorio, 1885 a by its peculiar dentition of the outer lip. In Hilda , denticles start directly at the edge of the outer lip but are situated slightly behind the peristome in Aplus . Hilda is slenderer fusiform than Aplus .

The extant western Atlantic Gemophos filistriatus Vermeij, 2006 is a similar species and develops almost identical sculpture as Hilda , and also has a bifid anal denticle. However, it differs from Hilda in its broad ovate shell, narrow siphonal canal and flaring basal margin of the outer lip. Except for Gemophos filistriatus , which is rather atypical for the genus, the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Gemophos Olsson & Harbison, 1953 is characterized by squat, biconic shells with thickened outer lip and narrow, deeply incised siphonal canal [type species Gemophos gemmatus ( Reeve, 1846a); present-day, eastern Pacific].

Hilda differs from Dianthiphos Watters, 2009 in its much stronger spiral sculpture and more prominent anal canal. We suspect that both genera are actually congeneric, and that Hilda transsylvanica is an extreme form of Dianthiphos . If that were the case, Dianthiphos would become a junior synonym of Hilda , but we refrain from synonymizing the two.