Diadumene paranaensis, Beneti, Julia S., Stampar, Sérgio N., Maronna, Maximiliano M., Morandini, André Carrara & Silveira, Fábio Lang Da, 2015

Beneti, Julia S., Stampar, Sérgio N., Maronna, Maximiliano M., Morandini, André Carrara & Silveira, Fábio Lang Da, 2015, A new species of Diadumene (Actiniaria: Diadumenidae) from the subtropical coast of Brazil, Zootaxa 4021 (1), pp. 156-168 : 159-161

Diadumene paranaensis n. sp.

( Figures 2–4 )

Type material. Holotype specimen: MZUSP 1530, polyp without reproductive tissue, 6 mm height, 3 mm width, collected 25 October 2010, at the Yacht Club of Paranaguá, Paranaguá Bay, on mussel, depth of 1-2 m, salinity 26 psu, temperature 20° C. Preserved in 4% FSW.

Paratype specimens: MZUSP 1531, one specimen without reproductive tissue, same data as holotype. MZUSP 1532, six specimens without reproductive tissue, same data as holotype. MZUSP 1534, three specimens without reproductive tissue, collected 23 October 2009, preserved two days after collection in 4% FSW.

Additional specimens: MZUSP 1533, one specimen without reproductive tissue, collected 21 August 2009, preserved two days after collection in 4% FSW. MZUSP 1535, three specimens without reproductive tissue, collected 23 October 2009, preserved two days after collection in 100% ethanol. MZUSP 1536, three specimens without reproductive tissue, collected 22 February 2010, preserved two days after collection in 4% FSW. MZUSP 1537, six specimens without reproductive tissue, collected 23 August 2010, preserved two days after collection in 4% FSW. MZUSP 1909, transverse histological sections of specimen collected 23 October 2009. MZUSP 1910, longitudinal histological sections of specimen collected 23 October 2009. MZUSP 1911, transverse histological sections of specimen collected 22 February 2010. MZUSP 1912, longitudinal histological sections of specimen collected 22 February 2010. MZUSP 1913, transverse histological sections of specimen collected 24 May 2010. MZUSP 1914, longitudinal histological sections of specimen collected 24 May 2010. AMNH 6121, six specimens without reproductive tissue, collected 24 May 2010, preserved one week after collection in 4% FSW. AMNH 6122, seven specimens without reproductive tissue, collected 24 May 2010, preserved one week after collection in 4% FSW. AMNH 6123, eleven specimens without reproductive tissue, collected 21 August 2010, preserved three days after collection in 4% FSW. AMNH 6124, eleven specimens without reproductive tissue, collected 21 August 2010, preserved three days after collection in 4% FSW. AMNH 6125, longitudinal histological sections of specimen collected 22 February 2010. AMNH 6126, longitudinal histological sections of specimen collected 21 August 2010. AMNH 6127, transverse histological sections of specimen collected 24 May 2010. AMNH 6128, transverse histological sections of specimen collected 21 August 2010.

Comparative material: Diadumene cincta MNRJ 3326, 8 specimens, collected 21 November 1981, Ouwerkerk, Province of Zeeland, The Netherlands, preserved in formaldehyde solution, leg. det. M.S.S. Lavayele. Diadumene kameruniensis RMNH. COEL 19755, 2 specimens, collection date unknown, Nigeria, Port Harcourt, preserved in formaldehyde solution. Diadumene kameruniensis RMNH. COEL 32120, data unknown, preserved in ethanol, det. Carlgren. Diadumene leucolena RMNH. COEL 11472, 3 specimens, collected 20 August 1973, Curaçao, Spaanse water, leg. det. J.C. den Hartog. Diadumene lineata RMNH. COEL 23784, 7 specimens, collected 13 October 1990, Veerse Meer, The Netherlands, preserved in formaldehyde solution, leg. M. Faase, det. J.C. den Hartog (1995).

Type locality. Yacht Club of Paranaguá, Paranaguá Bay, Paraná state, southern Brazil (25°30'53"S, 48°29'58"W).

Etymology. The specific name paranaensis refers to the state of Paraná, in Brazil, the type locality of the species.

Diagnosis. Clonal species of Diadumene ; polyp with cinclides arranged in longitudinal rows, macrobasic pamastigophores in the tentacles, and microbasic p-amastigophores in the acontia.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Diadumene paranaensis n. sp. in vivo. A: Expanded specimen, typical color of the species. B: Contracted specimens, showing color variation. C: Recently collected live specimen; arrow indicates ribbed lips. D: Column of a live specimen, highlighting the capitulum and scapus (indicated by dashed line); arrows indicate longitudinal rows of cinclides. E: Recently collected live specimen; arrow indicates catch tentacle. F: Living specimen kept in laboratory for one week with expanded catch tentacle. Scale: 5 mm.

FIGURE 3. Histological sections of Diadumene paranaensis n. sp. A: Longitudinal section (oral region to the right). Scale: 2 mm. B: Transverse section of the actinopharynx region; specimen with two cycles of imperfect mesenteries; arrow indicates imperfect mesenteries of the third cycle. Scale: 2 mm. C: Transverse section of the actinopharynx region; detail of the retractor and parietobasilar muscles. Scale: 0.3 mm. D: Basilar muscle in a longitudinal section. Scale: 0.2 mm. E: Detail of sphincter in a longitudinal section. Scale: 0.2 mm. F: Transverse section of a tentacle. Scale: 0.05 mm. Aph – actinopharynx; T – tentacles.

FIGURE 4. Representative undischarged cnidae of Diadumene paranaensis n. sp. from each region of the body. Dashed line along upper edge is the scale. Letters on left and right sides refer to the different types of cnidae, as follows: a = Macrobasic pamastigophore; b = Atrich; c = Holotrich; d, g, j, k, m, n, o, r = Microbasic p-amastigophore; e, h, i, l, p, t = Basitrich; f = Spirocyst; q, s = Microbasic p-mastigophore. Difference between atrichs and holotrichs is based on England (1991).