Dacryopinax lowyi S. Sierra & Cifuentes (2005: 244)

Castro-Santiuste, Sandra, Sierra, Sigfrido, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura, Cifuentes, Joaquín, Evans, Thomas, Martínez-González, César Ramiro, Sizzo, Hernán Alvarado- & Luna-Vega, Isolda, 2020, Dacryopinax (Fungi: Dacrymycetales) in Mexico, Phytotaxa 446 (1), pp. 6-22 : 12-13

Dacryopinax lowyi S. Sierra & Cifuentes (2005: 244) . Figs. 1b and 3

Basidiome up to 35 mm long, pileate-stipitate, gelatinous-cartilaginous, reddish gold (6C7) when young, with grayish orange tones (6B4), apricot (5B6), raw sienna (6D7), to brick red (7D6) when mature; with age becoming brownish orange (7C5). Pileus 2–35 mm in diameter, spathulate to cupulate, mature specimens with lobulate margin; sterile side velutinous under magnifying lens. Stipe 2–25 × 3–10 mm, cylindrical, eccentric, velutinous under magnifying lens. Hymenium unilateral on the internal side of the cup, smooth, occasionally papillate.

Basidiospores 13–17 × 5.6–7.5 µm, Q = 2.2–2.7, ellipsoid to oblong or obovoid, some lacrymoid or phaseoliform, aseptate to transversally triseptate, with thin septum, hyaline to yellowish, guttulate, smooth, thin-walled; germination by conidia of 2–3 × 1.4–2 µm, subglobose. Probasidia 53–77 (–82.5) × 2.5–4.5 µm, cylindrical, hyaline to yellowish, guttulate. Metabasidia 58–76 (–84) × 3–5 µm, cylindrical, hyaline, guttulate; sterigmata 19–35 × 2–4.5 µm, cylindrical, with attenuate apex, becoming bifurcate, hyaline, guttulate. Elements from the sub-abhymenium (bulbous hyphae) 25–42 × 15–25 µm, globose to subglobose forming chains, hyaline to yellowish, thick-walled, purple in phloxine. Marginal hyphae (hairs) from abhymenium and stipe up to 100 × 6 µm, cylindrical, thick-walled; content purple in phloxine.

Specimens examined:— MEXICO. Mexico City: Delegation Milpa Alta , 4.5 km NW of Tlaloc volcano, 3156 m, 19°07’22’’ N, 99°03’31’’ W, 26 August 2015, S. Castro-Santiuste 295 ( FCME 27543 !) ; highest elevation of El Tulmiac , 19°08’11’’ N, 99°06’58’’ W, 19 June 2015, A. Gutiérrez-Sánchez 122 ( FCME 27544 !) ; El Tulmiac , 19°07’44’’ N, 99°07’02’’ W, 8 August 2013, D. Guzmán-Ramírez 9–10 (FCME 27546! – 27617!) ; Manitas Pintadas , 19°08’45’’ N, 99°04’59’’ W, 9 September 2015, A. Gutiérrez-Sánchez 109 ( FCME 27545 !) ; 2 km NW of Ocusacayo volcano, 19°09’16’’ N, 99°04’49’’ W, 19 September 2008, S. Sierra 2008–33 ( FCME 27547 !) ; Atlimeya, slopes of Tlaloc volcano, 16°06’58’’ N, 99°03’18’’ W, 14 August 2009, S. Sierra 2009–8 ( FCME 27548 !) ; 6 September 2012, S. Sierra 2012–16 ( FCME 27549 !) ; Delegation Tlalpan, km 32 highway Mexico City-Cuernavaca , near the Morelos state limit, 2900 m, 19°11’18’’ N, 99°9’52’’ W, 21 July 1968, G. Guzmán 6753 (ENCB!) ; Mezontepec, San Miguel Ajusco, 19°09’59’’ N, 99°16’03’’ W, 28 September 2016, A. Gutiérrez-Sánchez 232 ( FCME 27550 !). State of Mexico: Municipality of Amanalco de Becerra , km 39 highway Toluca-Amanalco-Valle de Bravo, settlement of Agua Bendita , 2750 m, 19°15’50’’ N, 99°56’25’’ W, 7 June 1990, S. Sierra 14 ( FCME 3184 !). Municipality of Amecameca , km 14 highway Amecameca-Tlamacas, near Barranca de Ameyalco , 19°04’00’’ N, 98°41’23’’ W, 15 July 1993, S. Sierra 165 ( FCME 20406 !) ; Municipality of Ixtapaluca, Zoquiapan Station , 19°17’18’’ N, 98°41’08’’ W, 26 September 2015, A. Gutiérrez-Sánchez 100 & 107 (FCME 27551, 27618!) ; 24 September 2016, S. Sierra 16–63 ( FCME 27552 !) ; Municipality of Jalatlaco, km 11 highway Jalatlaco-Ajusco , 19°11’21’’ N, 99°20’28’’ W, 3 August 1988, L. Pérez-Ramírez 901 ( FCME 4562 !) ; Municipality of Ocuilan, Lagunas de Zempoala , 3 km W of Sta. Martha, 3100 m, 19°3’45’’ N, 99°23’50’’ W, 18 September 1977, C. Flores s/n (ENCB!) ; Laguna Quila , 2490 m, 19°2’54’’ N, 99°19’3’’ W, 26 September 1996, S. Sierra 625 ( FCME 20407 !) ; Municipality of Salazar, Cerro Cabezas , 3100 m, 19°18’10’’ N, 99°21’4’’ W, 9 September 1962, M. Ruiz-Oronoz s/n (LSUM!) ; Municipality of Temascaltepec, km 54 highway Toluca-Temascaltepec, deviation towards El Polvorín , 2200 m, 19°5’43’’ N, 99°58’26’’ W, 23 July 1988, A. Pompa-González 44 ( FCME 14317 !) ; highway Toluca-Temascaltepec, deviation towards La Peñuela, 3000 m, 19°10’34’’ N, 99°51’3’’ W, 23 July 1982, G. Guzmán 21680 (ENCB!). Michoacán: Municipality of Angangueo , behind the station of the Reserva Especial de la Biósfera Mariposa Monarca, 18°39’46’’ N, 100°16’03’’ W, 21 July 2000, S. Sierra 773 (holotype, FCME 17489 !) ; Llano de Las Papas , 19°34’37’’ N, 100°15’53’’ W, 15 July 1999, S. Sierra 725 & 728 (FCME! 17025, 17020!) ; 4August 1999, S. Sierra 733 ( FCME 17014 !) ; Llano Villalobos , 19°40’10’’ N, 100°16’24’’ W, 12 September 1998, E. Pellicer- González 81 ( FCME 15079 !) ; 26 September 1998, S. Sierra 698 ( FCME 15030 !) ; Municipality of Ciudad Hidalgo, km 186 highway Toluca-Morelia , 19°45’38’’ N, 100°47’40’’ W, 29 July 1983, E. Paez Aguirre s/n ( FCME 11569 !) ; Municipality of Zinapécuaro, Zona de Protección Forestal Los Azufres, Laguna Larga, 19°47’60’’ N, 100°41’08’’ W, 3 July 1987, C. Núñez-Mariel s/n ( FCME 13863 !). Morelos: Municipality of Huitzilac, Parque Nacional Lagunas de Zempoala , near the Ojotongo lagoon, 3000 m, 19°3’9’’ N, 99°18’41’’ W, 28 June 1967, G. Guzmán 5728 (ENCB!) ; Tres Marías, at the edge of the highway, in a small cedar forest, 2750 m, 19°2’36’’ N, 99°14’5’’ W, 7 August 1968, G. Guzmán 6901 (ENCB!). Tlaxcala: Municipality of Tlaxco, Parque Recreativo El Rodeo , cerro El Peñón , 2800 m, 19°39’56’’ N, 98°12’44’’ W, 14 August 1992, S. Sierra 96 ( FCME 4847 !) .

Habit, habitat, and distribution:—Gregarious to fasciculate, on decaying wood, in Abies, Abies-Pinus , and Cedrus forests, at an elevation higher than 3000 m, from July to September. Known from Mexico City, Michoacán, Morelos, State of Mexico, and Tlaxcala.

Remarks:—This species shares the presence of vesicles in the sub-abhymenium with D. primogenitus and D. yungensis , differing in the size of the basidiospores ( D. primogenitus 8.5–10 × 3–3.5 µm, D. yungensis 10–13 × 5–6 µm) and the length of basidia (23–49 µm in D. primogenitus ; 28–46 µm in D. yungensis ). The last two species mentioned have been collected in angiosperm forests (Lowy 1961, Pérez-Silva & Esqueda-Valle 1992; McLaughlin et al. 2016), whereas D. lowyi has only been reported in coniferous forests ( Abies , Pinus , and Juniperus ) ( Sierra & Cifuentes 2005). This latter species presents a limited distribution within Mexico, commonly found only in the Trans- Mexican Volcanic Belt, which is an area of great complexity, both environmentally as well as in its origins, containing over 30 different types of climate, and predominantly conifer forests ( Espinosa & Ocegueda 2007).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Geographic records of some species of Dacryopinax known in Mexico, black dots. a D. elegans, b D. lowyi, c D. martinii, and d D. spathularia.

FIGURE 3. Dacryopinax lowyi. a–e Fresh basidiomes (photos by Sierra). d Velutinous stipe. f Aseptate, to triseptate basidiospores (photos by Sierra). g Zone of spherical cells at the base of the abhymenial marginal hyphae (photo by Sierra). h Uniseptate to triseptate basidiospores (SEM) (photos by Castro-Santiuste). i Conidia (SEM) (photo by Castro-Santiuste).