Csiroleon tumidipalpus New, 1985

Machado, Renato Jose Pires & Oswald, John David, 2020, Morphological phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the former antlion subtribe Periclystina (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae), Zootaxa 4796 (1), pp. 1-322 : 41-45

Csiroleon tumidipalpus New, 1985

( Figs. 5 , 10–11 )

Csiroleon tumidipalpus New 1985b:62 (OD); New 1996:76 (cat); Stange 2004:101 (cat); Oswald 2018 (cat); Machado et al. 2019 (tree).

Diagnosis. Wings with prominent dark marks; thorax with a dark, continuous sagittal line; mesonotum with a line of long and flattened setae.

Description. Lengths: forewing: 16–19 mm; hind wing: 15–18 mm.

Head ( Figs. 10 a–c): Labrum pale, with a line of elongate setae. Clypeus pale, set with pale elongate setae. Frons with area between antennae and ventral area pale, remaining areas black; black area with ventral margin excavated medially; beset with short white setae. Gena pale. Vertex raised; mostly pale, except for a transverse medial black line connected to a medial posterior spot, in dorsal view; set with short black setae. Ocular setae elongate and white. Antennae clubbed; short, slightly longer than pronotum; distance between antennae about the same size of scape width; all segments with anterior surface pale (except for apical ones with irregular dark brown marks), and posterior surface dark brown with distal margin pale; torular membrane yellow; flagellomeres almost as long as wide at base, apical ones much wider than long; flagellum set with short black setae, scape and pedicel set with short white setae. Mandibles pale with tip dark brown. Maxillary Palpus short and pale. Labial Palpus extremely elongate, basal segment short and pale, second segment about as long as profemur, mostly pale with dorsal margin dark brown; apical palpomere about as long as half of profemur length, narrow basally but rounded and broad apically, mostly brown, with basal ventral margin pale, palpimacula opening a long slit extending around the apex.

Thorax ( Figs. 10 b–c): Pronotum about as long as wide; posterior margin as wide as anterior; subapical furrow present; mostly pale with some dark brown areas; a broad sagittal line, lateral margins at posterior half, four irregular marks (two at posterior margin and two at anterior margin), in some specimens these marks are linked by a sinuous longitudinal line; set with small black setae, some long black setae and few long white setae on margins. Pterothoracic tergites mostly dark brown, with two longitudinal pale lines around midline, which extend from anterior half of mesoprescutum to posterior margin of metascutellum, pale lines enclose a thin longitudinal dark line at mesoscutum; set with short black and white setae; anterior margin of mesoscutum bearing few elongate, flattened, black setae. Pterothoracic pleura sclerites dark brown dorsally, pale ventrally; covered with long white setae. Miller’s organ absent.

Wings ( Fig. 10d ): Fairly broad with tip acute; Banksian lines absent; veins mostly dark brown, but some veins intercalated with white spots, beset with short black setae. Male pilula axillaris present. Forewing membrane mostly hyaline; dark marks as follows: at subcostal area, gradate crossveins, tip of prefork area, some brown infuscation at inferior margin, apex, and around some crossveins; pterostigma brown; CuA fork located near RP origin; three presectoral crossveins; subcostal veinlets mostly simple, few apical ones forked; posterior and prefork areas about the same size. Hind wing membrane colour pattern similar to forewing, except for infuscated brown areas absent; MP fork located near RP origin; subcostal veinlets simple; one presectoral crossvein.

Legs ( Figs. 10 a–b): All pairs of legs, femur short (<2x length of coxa); tibia shorter than femur and about same size of tarsi; tibial spurs long (reaching T1 apex); T2, T3 and T4 about the same size, T1> 2x length of T2, T5 longer and broader than T1; claws about as long as T5 and capable of closing against T5; coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia covered with many short white setae and some long white setae, mainly on coxa and femur; femur, tibia and tarsi set with short black setae and some long ones at tibia; T5 ventrally with numerous thick, long, black setae. Proleg sense hair longer than femur length; tibia with antennal cleaning setae in most of ventral surface; coxa mostly pale with scattered brown marks at external surface; trochanter pale; femur slightly broader than in the other legs, mostly pale, but external surface slightly darker, tibia pale with two small dark marks medially and tip dark; tarsi with T2–T4 dark brown dorsally, T1 and T5 pale. Mesoleg similar to proleg, except for coxa entirely pale; femoral sense hair longer than femur length. Metaleg similar to other legs except T1 slightly longer; colour very similar to other legs, except tibia mostly pale with tip dark brown, and a dorsal brown mark medially.

Abdomen: Sternites mostly pale with dark brown scattered marks mainly at lateral margins. Tergites mostly dark brown with two longitudinal pale lines around midline and some other small irregular pale marks. In some darker specimens the abdomens can be almost entirely dark brown. Covered with short black setae.

Male Terminalia ( Figs. 11 a–c): Ectoproct posterior margin rounded in lateral view; set with elongate black setae, mainly at ventral area. 9 th sternite short, posterior margin with a small medial elongation in ventral view; covered with long black setae. Gonarcus thin, a transverse bar with a small curve medially in dorsal view. Mediuncus membranous. Paramere broad and elongate in lateral view, ventral margin and apex more sclerotized. gin

Female Terminalia ( Figs. 11 d–e): Ectoproct posterior margin rounded, set with thin elongate setae and some cavisetae ventrally. Lateral gonapophyses rounded, smaller than ectoproct, beset with cavisetae. 7 th sternite long, with distal border straight in ventral view; covered with short setae. Pregenital plate weakly sclerotized, very small, triangular in ventral view. Posterior gonapophyses stout, beset with long black setae. 9 th tergite membranous digitiform process absent. Anterior gonapophyses absent. Ventral membrane covered with short setae medially.

Distribution ( Fig. 5 ). Australia: NSW*, NT, QLD*, SA*, WA. Known from sparse records across mainland Australia.

Adult activity period. Records for August to April.

Biology. Unknown, larva unknown.

Name-bearing type. Csiroleon tumidipalpus : Holotype (by original designation), female, ANIC, examined. Type locality: Australia, Northern Territory, 8 km NNW Elliot (town), 17º29'S 133º30'E. From original description: “ Holotype, ♀, Northern Territory, 17 o 29’S., 133 o 30’E., 8 km NW. by N. Elliott, 14.x.1972, M. S. Upton ( ANIC)”. Condition: good.

Additional material examined (16♂, 30♀). AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: Culgoa National Park : i.2010 (2♀, QMBA) ; Northern Territory: Barkly Highway: 75 km ESE of junction with Tablelands Highway , 4.i.1987, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (1♀, AMSA) ; Devil’s Marbles : x.1960 (2♀, FSCA) ; Elliott : 8 km, NW, 17 o 29’S., 133 o 30’E., 14.x.1972, M.S. Upton (3♀, ANIC) ; Three Ways : 160 km E, 7.x.1972, E.F. Riek (1♂ PT, ANIC) ; Queensland: Cunnamulla : i.1941 (1♂, QMBA) ; Dynevor Lakes : 88 km W Eulo, 28 o 05’S– 144 o 12’E, 25.x.1991, G. Daniels, mv lamp (1♂, 1♀, QMBA) ; South Australia: Musgrave Range : 21 mi Bore, 9.ii.1966 (1♀, SAMA) ; Western Australia: 23 km WSW of Barradale , 22 o 56’S, 114 o 45’E, 30.iii.1971, E. F. Riek (2♀, 1♀ PT, 1♂ PT, ANIC) ; 70 air km WWNW of Gascoyne Junction , 24.87559 oS– 114.55150 oE, 21.xii.2012, M.V., Oswald, Diehl & Machado, Oswald #613 (3♂, 4♀, TAMU) ; Great Central Road: track W off, 6 km air NNNE Laverton , 28.58435 oS– 122.41038 oE ± 100m, 470m, 27.xii.2012, M.V., Oswald, Diehl & Machado, Oswald #618 (1♀, TAMU) ; Landrigan Cliffs : ix.1953 (3♂, 2♀, SAMA) ; Liveringa Station : viii.1953 (1♀, SAMA) ; ix.1953 (1♂, SAMA) ; 5 km SE of Millstream , 21 o 37’S, 117 o 06’E, 8.xi.1970, Upton & Feehan (1♀, 1♂, ANIC) ; Minilya Station : iv.1953 (2♀, MVM) ; Mural Crescent: Gill Pinnacle , xi.1956 (1♂, SAMA) ; ix.1963 (5♀, SAMA) ; x.1963 (1♀, SAMA) ; 66 km NE of Warburton , 26 o 03’S, 127 o 14’E, 15.xi.1977, M.S. Upton (1♂, ANIC) ; 20 km ESE of Wittenoon , 11.xi.1970, M.S. Upton (1♂, FSCA, 1♂ PT, ANIC) .

Comments. See Comments for Csiroleon fasciatus sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Distribution of Anomaloplectron and Csiroleon species.

FIGURE 10. Csiroleon tumidipalpus: a) head, anterior; b) head and thorax, lateral; c) head and thorax, dorsal; d) wings, dorsal.

FIGURE 11. Csiroleon tumidipalpus: male: a) terminalia, lateral; b) genitalia, lateral; c) genitalia, posterior; female: d) terminalia, lateral; e) terminalia, ventral. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.