Coprinopsis cinerea (Schaeff.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo

Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Chikowski, Renata Dos Santos, Miller, Andrew Nicholas & Maia, Leonor Costa, 2016, Coprophilous Agaricales (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) from Brazil, Phytotaxa 266 (1), pp. 1-14 : 7

5. Coprinopsis cinerea (Schaeff.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo , Taxon 50(1): 227 (2001)

( Figure 3 , a–f)

Closed pileus initially ellipsoid to subcylindrical, 15–17 × 12–14 mm, covered in all or part of its length by fibrillose velarremnants. Expanded pileus initially conical, becoming more convex and finally flattened, with revolute margin, 25–28 mm in diameter, brown-gray to dark gray. Lamellae initially white, becoming dark gray to black, up to 1.5 mm thick, deliquescent. Lamellulae present, similar in morphology. Stipe central, cylindrical to clavate, hollow, floccosefibrillose, glabrous, whitish, 50–80 mm long, 2.5–5 mm in diameter. Ring absent. Volva absent. Pileipellis hyphal, composed of filamentous elements giving the pileus its fibrillose texture and gray to silver coloration in some parts, especially at the center. Veil composed of filamentous elements, forming chains of cells constricted at the each septum, up to 190 μm in diameter, usually with subglobose terminal cells. Cheilocystidia 37.5–52.5 × 17.5–25 μm, subglobose to ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth. Pleurocystidia utriform to obclavate, 45–100 × 17.5–22.5 μm, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth. Clamp connections present. Basidia 4-spored, club-shaped, surrounded by hyphidial elements. Basidiospores ovoid to ellipsoid in frontal view, somewhat cylindrical in side view, dark reddish-brown to black, 8.4–10.8 × 6–7.2 μm, with a central germ pore.

Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco ( IPA), Serra Talhada , on horse dung, 04 Jul 2011, R.F. R. Melo ( URM86798 ) ; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco ( UFRPE), Recife , on goat dung, 08 Feb 2013, R.F. R. Melo ( URM86799 a!, 86799b!) .

Distribution: —Worldwide.

Notes: —Although underrepresented on herbivore dung in Recife, this is a common worldwide species being recorded not only on dung but on other substrates. Coprinopsis cinerea has velar remnants with filamentous elements, smooth, septate, well differentiated terminal cells (Section Lanatuli J. Lange sensu Uljé, 2003 ), and is distinguished by the basidiospore measurements (8.4–10.8 × 6–7.2 μm).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Coprinopsis cinerea a. Habit of basidiomata on dung. b. Basidiomata. c. Lamellae and lamellulae. d. Elongated velar element. e. Cheilocystidia. f. Basidiospores. Coprinopsis cothurnata g. Habit of a basidioma on dung. h. Basidiomata. i. Globular velar elements. j. Cheilocystidia. k. Basidiospores. Scale bars: a, g= 100 mm. b, c, h=5 mm. d= 75 μm. e= 7,5 μm. f, k= 5 μm. i= 30 μm. j=10 μm. Figure: R.F.R. Melo.