Jurakempynus, Wang & Liu & Ren & Shih, 2011

Wang, Yongjie, Liu, Zhiqi, Ren, Dong & Shih, Chungkun, 2011, New Middle Jurassic Kempynin Osmylid Lacewings from China, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 56 (4), pp. 865-869 : 865-866

Subfamily Kempyninae Krüger, 1913

Included genera: Australysmus , Clydosmylus , Euosmylus , Kempynus (extant genera), Euporismites (fossil, Palaeocene, Australia), Jurakempynus gen. nov. (fossil, Middle Jurassic, China).

Emended diagnosis.—Forewing elongated, outer margin occasionally with some modifications in some genera ( Kempynus and Euosmylus ); membrane commonly with some large fuscous spots exclusive of Australysmus (possessing fragmentary spots); costal cross−veins with many distal forked branches exclusive of Euosmylus ; single cross−vein sc−r1 present at the wing base; cross−veins r1−rs numerous; Rs branches numerous, slightly sinuous close to the apex; cross−veins in radial area numerous, arranged irregularly, forming one row of gradate series at most; space between MP and Cu distinctly broadened in some genera ( Kempynus and Clydosmylus ). Hindwing: costal cross−veins generally simple except for Australysmus ; base of MA well defined, sinuous; MP space extremely expanded exclusive of Euosmylus , forming 2–3 rows of cells ( Kempynus , Clydosmylus , and Jurakempynus gen. nov.); base of MP 2 with an additional vein ( Kempynus and Jurakempynus gen. nov.), which is similar to the Spilosmylinae that MP 2 with a short additional vein at base ( Tjeder 1957); MP 2 forming many forks in distal half of forewing.

Remarks.—The subfamily Kempyninae was considered as a primitive member of Osmylidae ( Kimmins 1940; New 1983), sharing many characters with other subfamilies ( Osmylinae and Stenosmylinae ). It is greatly similar to the subfamily Osmylinae in appearance, though the extant species of the both subfamilies are distinctly isolated in distribution i.e., Osmylinae belongs to an exclusively “northern group”, occurring in Europe and Asia. The two subfamilies share the following characters: dichotomic costal cross−veins in forewing; one row of gradate series at most species (also present in Parosmylus (Needham, 1909) ; proximal MP fork in forewing; well−developed base of MA in hindwing. However, Kempyninae also possessed some features that can conveniently separate the two subfamilies: base of MP 2 in hindwing with an additional vein in some genera of Kempyninae , while Osmylinae without the additional vein; MP space extremely expanded in hindwing, forming 2–3 rows of cells, while the space generally slightly expanded in Osmylinae , and only forming single row of cells; MP 2 in hindwing branching complicatedly, while MP 2 in Osmylinae usually simple. Kempyninae was allied to Stenosmylinae ( New 1983), sharing with some characteristics: no more than one row of gradate series and MP 2 forked distally in hindwing. However, Kempyninae can be differentiated from Stenosmylinae by following characters of wing: costal cross−veins forked distally in forewing, while Stenosmylinae commonly have simple cross−veins; MP forks close to wing base in forewing, while MP forks in Stenosmylinae beyond the half of wing; MA with a sinuous additional vein at base in hindwing, while Stenosmylinae generally without the additional vein.