Chibchea mayna, HUBER, 2000
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1206/0003-0090(2000)254<0001:NWPSAP>2.0.CO;2 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ACD276-8FF0-FF44-FCA1-FB0F430B3BA2 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Chibchea mayna |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Chibchea mayna View in CoL , new species Figures 631–639 View Figs
‘‘Ecuadorian pholcid, I.D. #3’’: Huber, 1999: figs. 14–16.
TYPES: Male holotype, 1♀ paratype from Cuenca , Dept. Azuay, Ecuador ; Apr. 3, 1942 (‘‘DLF, HEF’’), in CAS .
ETYMOLOGY: The species name is a noun in apposition honoring the Mayna people in Ecuador and Peru. They aggressively fought outsiders during the 1930s gold rush, but are now rapidly being acculturated.
DIAGNOSIS: Easily distinguished from congeners by the long apophyses on the male cheliceral fangs (fig. 631). Also distinguished by the relatively complicated tip of the procursus (figs. 635–636), the conspicuous prolateral apophysis on the bulb (fig. 632), and the wide epigynum with lateral pockets (figs. 637–639).
MALE (holotype): Total length 2.5, carapace width 1.2; leg 1: 14.1 (3.6+0.4+3.7 +5.2+1.2), tibia 2: 2.3, tibia 3: 2.0, tibia 4: 2.8; tibia 1 l/d: 40. Habitus and prosoma shape as in C. ika (cf. figs. 613–616); distance PME-ALE about 110% of PME diameter. Carapace brown with darker median mark, ocular area and clypeus brown with darker bands laterally (fig. 631); chelicerae brown, basal segment unmodified, fangs with long apophyses directed laterally (fig. 631). Palps in general very similar to C. ika , but without retrolateral coxal apophysis; procursus and bulb tips distinctive (figs. 632–636). Legs brown with faint blackish rings on femora (distally) and tibiae (distally), almost all hairs missing; tarsus 1 with ~ 20 pseudosegments. Opisthosoma dark greenish-gray with blackish spots dorsally.
VARIATION: The male from Loja is much lighter (as usual in more recently molted pholcids), and has a tibia 1 length of 4.0.
FEMALE (paratype): Total length 1.9, carapace width 0.8; leg 1 missing. In general very similar to male. Very wide brown epigynum with pair of cuticular pockets on lat- eral extremes (figs. 637–639; see Notes below).
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from two localities in southern Ecuador. The MUSM has three possibly conspecific males from northern Peru (Piura: Ayabaca), but these are very poorly preserved.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: ECUADOR: Azuay: Cuenca : types above, with 2 juveniles ; Loja: Loja, Mar. 26, 1965 (L. Peña), 13 in MCZ .
NOTES: The distances between the tips of the male cheliceral fangs (0.8 mm) and between the pockets in the female epigynum (0.7 mm), together with what is known about copulation in pholcids (review in Huber and Eberhard, 1997), suggest that the male apophyses are inserted into the pockets during copulation.
One of the juveniles accompanying the types is a penultimate male, and it seems remarkable that the palps are swollen as usual, but the cheliceral fangs show no sign of the developing apophyses.
Chibchea merida , new species Figures 640–651 View Figs View Figs View Figs
TYPE: Male holotype from ‘‘coffee forest’’ at Univ. Los Andes, Mérida, Dept. Mérida, Venezuela ; June 22–27, 1989 (S. & J. Peck), in AMNH .
ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Venezuelan state Mérida. The specific name is a noun in apposition.
DIAGNOSIS: Close relative of C. tunebo ,
distinguished by the presence of conspicuous frontal apophyses on the male chelicerae (fig. 648).
MALE (holotype): Total length 2.5, carapace width 0.9; leg 1: 12.7 (2.9+0.4+3.1 +5.3+1.0), tibia 2: 2.1, tibia 3: 1.8, tibia 4: 2.5; tibia 1 l/d: 33. Habitus as in fig. 640; distance PME-ALE about 70% of PME diameter. Prosoma with moderately deep thoracic groove; eight eyes on slightly elevated ocular area (figs. 640–642); carapace light brown, darker laterally and medially, clypeus with pair of darker brown bands (fig. 642); sternum light brown. Chelicerae light brown, with pair of conspicuous apophyses and another pair of hardly visible apophyses just in front of cheliceral laminae; long hairs proximally and short, spinelike hairs distally (fig. 648); fangs unmodified. Palps (figs. 643– 644) almost identical to C. tunebo , procursus simple (fig. 649), bulbal apophysis with dor- sal hairlike projections (figs. 650–651). Legs light brown, without rings; without spines, without curved and vertical hairs; tarsus 1 with ~ 20 pseudosegments (difficult to count!). Opisthosoma tapering into terminal spinnerets (fig. 640); greenish-gray, darker dorsally. Genital plate large, brown, trapezoidal; dark band between genital plate and spinnerets, tapering toward spinnerets.
VARIATION: The two other males examined had a monochromous ochre prosoma, distinct dark spots on the opisthosoma dorsally, and were slightly smaller (tibia 1 in both: 2.7).
FEMALE: Very similar to male; tibia 1 in only known specimen: 2.2. Epigynum very simple plate (figs. 645, 647), light brown. Internally, pore plates well visible, resembling those of type species (cf. fig. 624), but pores visible only frontally (fig. 646).
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Mérida.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: VENEZUELA: Mérida: Univ. Los Andes: type above ; Andrés Bello, Quebrada Eusebio , 2200 m elev., Jan. 28, 1984 (C. Sobrevila), 13 in USNM ; Cueva del Pirata nr. Azulita (8°40'N, 71°26'W), Jan. 24, 1984 (J. Coddington), 13 1♀ in USNM GoogleMaps .
Chibchea tunebo , new species Figures 652–655 View Figs
TYPE: Male holotype from ‘‘2nd forest road at Camp Siberia ,’’ Pregonero, Dept. Tachira, Venezuela ; 1280 m elev., July 10– 13, 1989 (S. & J. Peck), in AMNH .
ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in apposition honoring the Tunebo Indians (see Priscula tunebo ).
DIAGNOSIS: Close relative of C. merida , distinguished by the presence of a deep depression frontally on the male chelicerae (fig. 652; instead of a pair of conspicuous apoph- yses as in C. merida ), and the longer legs (femur 1 in male holotypes: 5.0 versus 2.9).
MALE (holotype): Total length 2.3, carapace width 0.9; femur 1: 5.0 (other segments missing), tibia 2: 3.5, tibia 3: 2.8, tibia 4: 3.9. Habitus and coloration almost identical to C. merida (cf. figs. 640–642); distance PME- ALE about 60% of PME diameter. Chelicerae only with inconspicuous apophyses in front of cheliceral laminae, pair of deep invaginations and modified hairs (long thick hairs covering invagination and short spinelike hairs more distally: fig. 652); fangs unmodified. Palps almost identical to C. merida , procursus simple (fig. 653), bulbal apophysis with transparent, fringed lamina dorsally (figs. 654–655). Legs light brown, without rings; without spines, without curved and vertical hairs. Opisthosoma slightly shrunken, but apparently as in C. merida ; large black spots dorsally, blackish band ventrally.
FEMALE: Unknown.
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: VENEZUELA: Tachira: type above.
Chibchea salta , new species
Figures 656–664 View Figs
TYPES: Male holotype, 313 7♀ paratypes from 22 km N La Caldera , Salta, Argentina ; 1550 m elev., ‘‘ El Ucumar,’’ subtropical humid forest, malaise, Dec. 2–30, 1987 (S. & J. Peck), in AMNH .
ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Argentinean state Salta. The specific name is a noun in apposition.
DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from congeners by the relatively complex apophyses on the procursus tip (one of them T-shaped; figs. 659–660).
MALE (holotype): Total length 3.6, carapace width 1.4; leg 1: 14.6 (3.7+0.5+4.2 +4.7+1.5), tibia 2: 3.1, tibia 3: 2.6, tibia 4: 3.6; tibia 1 l/d: 28. Prosoma shape as in C. mapuche (cf. figs. 700–701); distance PME- ALE about 90% of PME diameter. Carapace, clypeus, and sternum ochre-brown, ocular area with darker brown margins; chelicerae brown, basal segments unmodified except proximal transverse ridge, fangs with small, semitransparent projections (fig. 656). Palps with distinct narrow coxal apophysis, femur proximally with large characteristic projection, procursus tip with T-shaped apophysis, bulb with simple spinelike apophysis distally (figs. 657–660); tarsal organ exposed. Legs brown, with dark rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); curved hairs on legs 1–3; without spines and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 30%; tarsus 1 with ~ 17 pseudosegments. Opisthosoma shape as in C. mapuche (cf. fig. 699), but slightly more rounded posteriorly, grayish with large blackish spots dorsally and posteriorly, genital plate brown, wide and short; gonopore without epiandrous spigots; ALS with only one piriform gland spigot each.
FEMALE (paratypes): Total length 2.5–3.2, tibia 1 (N = 5) 3.1–3.5 (x¯ = 3.3). In general very similar to male. Epigynum simple flat plate, brown (figs. 661, 663), in some females with greenish marks; internal genitalia with pair of elongated transverse pore plates (figs. 662, 664).
VARIATION: Tibia 1 in 19 male paratypes: 3.5–4.3 (x¯ = 3.8). The external appearance (pigmentation) of the epigynum is quite variable (figs. 661, 663), but internally there seems to be very little variation (figs. 662, 664).
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Salta Province, Argentina.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: ARGENTINA: Salta: 22 km N La Caldera : types above ; 17 km N Caldera , 1550 m, Alto (?) de la Sierra, subtropical humid forest, malaise, Dec. 2–30, 1987 (S. & J. Peck), ~ 803 7♀ in AMNH .
Chibchea aberrans (Chamberlin, 1916) , new combination Figures 665–668 View Figs
Litoporus aberrans Chamberlin, 1916: 226–227 , pl. 14: figs. 8–9, pl. 15: figs. 1–3.
TYPE: Male holotype from Urubamba , Dept. Cuzco, Peru ; 9500 ft elev., July 1911 (Yale Peruvian Expedition), in MCZ (examined) .
DIAGNOSIS: Closely related to C. araona ; distinguished by the more slender procursus and the shapes of its distal structures (compare figs. 667–668 with 669–670).
MALE (holotype): Total length 3.4, carapace width 1.5; leg 1: 18.3 (5.2+0.6 +5.2+6.0+1.3), tibia 2: 3.5, tibia 3: 2.8, tibia 4: 4.2; tibia 1 l/d: 33. Prosoma shape as in C. mapuche (cf. figs. 700–701); carapace ochre with wide brown median band and lateral bands, clypeus with light brown band, sternum ochre, slightly darker toward middle. Chelicerae brown, basal segments unmodified, except proximal transverse ridge (fig. 665), fangs with tiny projections (fig. 666). Palps in general as in C. salta (including distinctive apophyses on coxa and femur, and tiny trochanter apophysis, cf. fig. 658), but procursus simpler (figs. 667–668). Legs ochre to light brown, slightly darker brown rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); curved hairs on legs 1–3 (femora, tibiae, and metatarsi); apparently without spines and vertical hairs (many hairs missing). Opisthosoma shape as in C. mapuche (cf. fig. 699), but slightly more rounded posteriorly, ochre-gray with blackish spots dorsally and posteriorly, genital plate brown.
VARIATION: The second specimen seen was considerably smaller (carapace width 1.0, tibia 1: 2.7) but had apparently indistinguishable genitalia.
FEMALE: Unknown.
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Cuzco, Peru.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: PERU: Cuzco: Urubamba : type above ; Road Cuzco to Shintuya, near Huancarane , ‘‘1 st truck breakdown,’’ Sept. 23, 1987 (J. Coddington), 13 in USNM .
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