Chamaesium spatuliferum (W. W. Sm.) Norman (1938: 231)

Guo, Xian-Lin, Tan, Jin-Bo, Hu, Hao-Yu, Yu, Huan-Xi & He, Xing-Jin, 2017, Morphological and micromorphological data support the independent specific status of Chamaesium spatuliferum (Apioideae, Apiaceae) from China, Phytotaxa 314 (1), pp. 81-88 : 82-83

Chamaesium spatuliferum (W. W. Sm.) Norman (1938: 231)

Basionym: Trachydium spatuliferum Smith (1914: 210)

Type: — CHINA. Yunnan: Lijiang, open stony pasture on the eastern flank of the Lijiang Range , 11000– 2000 ft, G. Forrest 6019 (holotype: E00000262 !, Fig. 1A ; isotype: K001091335 !, Fig. 1B ) .

Heterotypic synonym:— Chamaesium spatuliferum var. minus Shan & Liou (1979:124) . Holotype:— CHINA. Sichuan, Garzê Xian, Anomous Kan-17-222.

Description:—Plants 5–20 cm. Taproot stout, 5–23 cm. Stem shortened or erect, plants usually acaulous. Petioles of basal leaves, 1.5–5 cm, sheaths long, broad; blades oblong, pinnate; pinnae sessile, 3–6 pairs, remote; ultimate segments oblong-ovate to suborbicular, 5–10 × 3–8 mm, base subtruncate or rounded, margin entire or shallowly 1–3- toothed toward the apex, or sometimes 3–4-crenate; terminal pinnae obovate or orbicular, base cuneate, margin entire, apex more deeply 3-lobed. Leaves reduced upwards. Umbels usually sessile, 5–17 cm across; bracts 4–5, pinnate, leaf-like, glabrous; rays 9–18, 2–8 cm, unequal, ribbed; bracteoles 3–7, linear, oblanceolate or long-obovate, entire, 3–5-lobed to pinnatisect, nearly equal to much longer than flowers. Calyx teeth minute, hidden under the spreading stylopodium. Petals obovate or orbicular, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm, white or greenish, apex obtuse. Fruit bilateral compressed, oblong-ellipsoid ca. 3.5 × 2 mm, ribs prominent.

Distribution and habitat:—The species is endemic to China, occurring in northwest Yunnan, west Sichuan, south Gansu, Qinghai and north Xizang. It grows on grassy slopes at altitudes of 3200–4500 m.

Notes:—According to the original descriptions of Smith (1914: 210), Chamaesium spatuliferum was considered to be affinity with C. delavayi ( Franchet 1894: 110) Shan & Liou (1979: 130) but differs by having more diversity in bracteoles. It also resemble C. paradoxum Wolff (1925: 275) , however, our field observations reveal that these two species are quite different from each other C. paradoxum only is confined to the areas near Kangding, Jiulong and Dawu counties, W. Sichuan. C. spatuliferum is widely distributed in northwest Yunnan, west Sichuan, south Gansu, south Qinghai and north Xizang. The plants of C. paradoxum usually possess entire, ovate to ovate-lanceolate segments and linear, entire, relatively shorter bracteoles. After conducting fieldwork, it is convinced that Chamaesium spatuliferum var. minus described from Garzê Xian is conspecific with C. spatuliferum . Firstly, shape of leaf segment and bracteoles of the variety was in accordance with Smith’descriptions (1914: 210) (segmenta utrinque 3–4, lata, ovate vel suborbicularia, apice basique suborbicularia, and margine paucies serrate vel subintegra. Involucelli phyla 4-6, variabililia). Additionally, ongoing phylogenetic analysis of this genus also supports to treat these two taxa as the different species (unpubl. data).

Additional specimens examined: China. Gansu: Luqu Xian, Gahai , 3450 m, 3 July 1998, G. S. Chen et al. 1037 ( HNWP) ; Luqu Xian, Gahai , 3400 m, 15 August 2016, X. L. Guo & H. X. Yu gxl201608250101 ( SZ) . Qinghai: Without specific location, 13 July 1970, S. W. Liu & D. S. Luo 1314 ( HNWP) ; Baima Xian , baozanggou, 4 August 1983, W. Y. Wang et al. 27300 ( HNWP) ; Baima Xian, Makehe , 4600 m, 30 July 2016, X. L. Guo, H. X. Yu & D. F. Xie gxl201607300101 ( SZ) ; Chindu Xian, Maokuiying , 4100 m, 19 July 1997, S. W. Liu 2383 ( HNWP) ; Chindu Xian, Qingshuihe , 4300 m, 1 August 1983, X. J. Gou 83-56 ( HNWP) ; Chindu Xian, Zhenqin , 4170 m, 21 July 2004, Y. H. Wu 29198, 29205 ( HNWP) ; Darlag Xian, Deang , 21 July 1998, G. S. Chen, S. L. Chen & Z. W. Huang 1647 ( HNWP) ; Darlag Xian, Mt. Niuda , 4200–4600 m, 14 August 1993, H. B. Garrette 1208 ( HNWP) ; Darlag Xian, Jimai , 4200– 4600 m, 14 August 1993, 1208 ( PE) ; Darlag Xian, Huleanma , 4000 m, 12 August 1993, H. B. Garrette 1212 ( HNWP) ; Darlag Xian, Huleanma , 4100 m, 11 August 1993, H. B. Garrette 1130 ( HNWP) ; Darlag Xian, Manzhangxiang , B. Bartholomew et al. 1174 ( PE) ; Henan Mengguzu Zizhixian, Duohemao , 2 July 1972, B. Z. Guo 9947 ( HNWP) ; Henan Mengguzu Zizhixian, Mt. Ami , 4500 m, B. Z. Guo 9793 ( HNWP) ; Jigzhi Xian, Longkahu , 4000 m, 30 July 1971, Zangyao team 792 ( HNWP) ; Jigzhi Xian, Suohurima , 3820 m, 12 July 1971, Guoluo team 294 ( HNWP) ; Jigzhi Xian, Suohurima , 3800 m, 10 July 1977, Zangyao team 438 ( HNWP) ; Madoi Xian , 4600 m, 27 July 1980, Y. H. Wu 1130 ( HNWP) ; Madoi Xian , 4600 m, 27 July 1980, Y. H. Wu 1095 ( HNWP) ; Madoi Xian, Duoyongpan , 4400 m. 26 July 1978, Y. H. Wu 472 ( HNWP) ; Madoi Xian, Qingshuihe , 27 July 1998, G. S. Chen 1885 ( HNWP) ; Maqên Xian, Dawu , 3300 m, 29 July 2016, X. L. Guo, H. X. Yu & D. F. Xie gxl201607290101 ( SZ) ; Maqên Xian, Ritonggou , 3900 m, 21 July 1974, Maqên team 363 ( HNWP) ; Maqên Xian, Changmahe , 23 July 1998, G. S. Chen, S. L. Chen & Z. Wei 1738 ( HNWP) ; Maqên Xian, Anigou , 8 July 1981, Qucheng team 123 ( HNWP) ; Maqên Xian, Gamagou , 4250 m, 7 July 1981, Qucheng team 123 ( HNWP) ; Maqên Xian, Dawuhema , 4100 m, 2 August 1993, H. B. Garrette 703 ( HNWP) ; Maqên Xian, Langri , 3850 m, 28 July 1995, H. B. Garrette 431( HNWP) ; Maqên Xian, Xihalong , 26 July 1993, B. Bartholomew et al. 369 ( PE) ; Maqu Xian, Heihe , 5 July 1998, G. S. Chen 1145 ( HNWP) ; Tongren Xian, Tangkegou , 3400 m, 13 July 1970, S. W. Liu & D. S. Luo 1314 ( HNWP) ; Yushu Xian , 8 July 1971, B. Z. Guo & W. Y. Wang 8457 ( HNWP) ; Yushu Xian, Xihema , 4100 m, 23 July 1964, 00579 ( HNWP) ; Yushu Xian, Nalongduo , 23 July 1964, Anonymous 579 ( PE) ; Yushu Xian, Baitangshan , 20 August 1916, T. N. Ho et al., 2151 ( PE) ; Yushu Xian, Machang , 20 August 1996, B. Bartholomew et al. 2117 ( PE) ; Zadoi Xian, Aduoqiyong , 4200 m, 27 August 1965, S. W. Liu 542 ( NWFC) ; Zadoi Xian, Aduopuke , 6 August 2005, Y. H. Wu 35937, 35557 ( HNWP) ; Zadoi Xian, Jiesangshan , 4800 m, 26 July 1965, S. W. Liu 00230 ( NWFC) ; ZadoiXian, Elihai , 13 July 1935, Z. W. Yao 845 ( NAS) ; Zadoi Xian, Danrong , 4900 m, 6 August 2005, Y. H. Wu 35706 ( HNWP) ; Zadoi Xian, Diqingcun , 4260 m, 24 July 2005, Y. H. Wu 35124 ( HNWP) ; Zaduo Xian, Mt. Gala , 4580 m, 25 July 2005, Y. H. Wu 35247, 25254 ( HNWP) ; Zaduo Xian, Mt. Gala , 4020 m, 29 July 2005, Y. H. Wu 35448, ( HNWP) ; Zadoi Xian, Mt. Wala , 4200 m, 23 July 2005, Y. H. Wu 34945 ( HNWP) ; Zadoi Xian, Mt. Longdengshan , 4585 m, Y. H. Wu 34189 ( HNWP) ; ZhidoiXian, Duocaihe , 4500 m, 26 August 1966, L. H. Zhou 369 ( HNWP) . Sichuan: Dichu Xian, Mt. Duolima , 11 July 1974, anoymous 7414 ( NAS) ; Garzê Xian, Donggunibagou , 4100 m, 13 June 1974, Q. S. Zhao, Y. H. Guo & M. Z. Tan 111132 ( NWFC) ; Garzê Xian, Donggunibagou , 4120 m, 28 September 2015, X. L. Guo gxl201509280101 ( SZ) ; Garzê Xian, Mt. Moda , 4600 m, 9 September 1964, Kun-Jun Fu 16552 ( NWFC) ; Garzê Xian, Xise , 3800 m, 27 July 2004, Y. H. Wu 30181 ( HNWP) ; Garzê Xian, Datangba , 30 August 1982, Z. X. Tang, X. W. Tian & Q. G. Sun ( PE) ; Dêgê Xian, Niuchang , 2 August 1976, J. S. Yan 8351 ( KUN) ; Zamtang Xian, Erlinchang , 3350 m, 1 August 2004, Y. H. Wu 31440 ( HNWP) ; Sêrtar Xian, Nianlongsi , 26 July 1974, Z. L. Yu 06603 ( NAS) ; Sêrtar Xian, Nianlongsi , 30 July 2004, Y. H. Wu 30642 A ( HNWP) ; Sêrtar Xian, Zhaqiong , 3987 m, 21 September 2015, X. L. Guo gxl201509210101 ( SZ) ; Sêrtar Xian , Z. G. Liu 7572 ( CDBI, NAS) ; Sêrtar Xian, Jumuxiang , 4620 m, 25 July 2004, Y. H. Wu 29943 ( HNWP) . Xizang: Basoi Xian, Bangda , 15 August 1977, Xizang team 2136 ( PE) ; Biru Xian, Nujianggongshe , 3800 m, 12 September 1976, D. D. Tao 11336 ( KUN) ; Zayü Xian, Demula 23 August 1973, J. W. Zhang 1248 ( PE) ; Nyainrong Xian , 4370 m, 16 July 1975, S. K. Tao & Z. Y. Wu 762 ( KUN) ; Nagqu Xian, Kongma , 3400 m, 12 August 1976, D. D. Tao 10857 ( PE) ; Nagqu Xian, Kongma , 4603 m, 27 August 2015, X. L. Guo & H. X. Yu gxl201508270101 ( SZ) ; Sog Xian, Gaqingpu , 4260 m, 30 August 2015, X. L. Guo & H. X. Yu gxl201508300101 ( SZ) . Yunnan: Dêqên Xian, Mt. Baima , 24 September 1984, Z. H. Pan 84-130 ( NAS) ; Dêqên Xian, Mt Baima , 4300 m, 1 July 1981, Qingzang team 2704 ( CDBI, PE) ; Dêqên Xian, Mt. Baima , 4121 m. 31 August 2016, X. L. Guo gxl201608310101 ( SZ) ; Dêqên Xian, Yuzhu , 6 July 1937, D. J. Yu 8789 ( KUN) ; Dêqên Xian, Huafengping , 3700 m, August 1935, Q. W. Wang 68801 ( KUN) ; Dêqên Xian, Peiping, Hi-Ma La , 3400 m, August. 1935, C. W. Wang 65566, 65584 ( NWFC) ; Shangri-la Xian, Sianrencung , 17 July 1937, T. T. YU 12239 ( NAS) ; Shangri-la Xian, Mt. Zhuaci , 3600 m, 18 July 1938, D. J. Yu 12239 ( KUN) ; Yulong Xian , July 1935, C. W. Wang 71070, 71020 ( IBSC) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Types of Chamaesium spatuliferum. A. holotype; B. isotype.