Chamaesium mallaeanum Farille & Malla (1985: 537)

Guo, Xian Lin, Wang, Chang Bao, Wen, Jun, Zhou, Songdong & He, Xing Jin, 2018, Phylogeny of Chinese Chamaesium (Apiaceae: Apioideae) inferred from ITS, cpDNA and morphological characters, Phytotaxa 376 (1), pp. 1-16 : 10

Chamaesium mallaeanum Farille & Malla (1985: 537)

≡ Dolpojestella mallaeanum (Farille & S.B.Malla) Farille & Lachard (2002: 370) ( Fig. 5 )

Type: Nepal. Annapurna Massif , North Slope of Namun Pass (Langtang himal), 3800 m, 24 September 1981, M.A.Farille 81537 (holotype: KATH!; isotype: E00000248!) .

Notes: — Chamaesium mallaeanum usually possess fruits with undulate wings. It worth noting that Farille & Lachard (1985, 2002) transferred it to Dolpojestella Farille & Lachard (2002: 370) , based on its special characters of fruits and stylopodium. There are some reasons to support C. mallaeanum as a member of Chamaesium . Firstly, C. mallaeanum also have 1-pinnate leaf blade, and fruit with developed secondary ribs, which are sufficient to distinguish from other species of Apiaceae . Secondly, the fruit Characteristics of Chamaesium were diverse, C. thalictrifolium have fruits with obscure ribs when mature ( Fig.7E ) and C. viridiflorum have obvious smaller fruits than the fruits of other species ( Fig. 8E ). Finally, phylogenetic analysis of this genus also supports to treat C. mallaeanum as a member of Chamaesium based on its reasonable difference ( Fig. 1–2 ).

Distribution in China: — Xizang. ( Fig. 3 )

Distribution outside China: —Nepal.

Habitat:— Chamaesium mallaeanum grows in dwarf rhododendron scrub or grassland at an elevation of ca. 3700 m.

Specimens examined: — CHINA. Xizang: Nyalam Xian, 3700 m, 1 September 2015, X.L.Guo & H.X.Yu GXL15090101 (SZ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree of Chamaesium and its related genus inferred from ITS(B) and plastid rpl16+rps16+trnT-trnL(A) using a GTR+G nucleotide substitution model. Values on the branches indicate its support (Bayesian posterior probability/ parsimony bootstrap). Short line denotes no support value. The tree is rooted with Bupleurum. The names of the clades identified are those of Zhou et al. (2008, 2009) and Downie et al. (2010).

FIGURE 2. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree of Chamaesium and its related genus inferred from combined ITS and plastid rpl16+rps16+trnT-trnL using a GTR+G nucleotide substitution model. Values on the branches indicate its support (Bayesian posterior probability/ parsimony bootstrap). The tree is rooted with Bupleurum. The names of the clades identified are those of Zhou et al. (2008, 2009) and Downie et al. (2010).

FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Chamaesium in China.

FIGURE 5. Chamaesium mallaeanum.A. cross section of mericarp; B. blade of basal leaves; C. habit; D.fruiting umbellet with bracteoles; E. dorsal view of mericarp. [A, D and E from GXL1509010101; B from GXL1509010102, C from GXL1509010103].

FIGURE 7. Chamaesium thalictrifolium. A. cross section of mericarp; B. segments of basal leaf; C. habit; D. fruiting umbel with bracts; E. dorsal view of mericarp. [A, B, D and E from GXL1509180101; C from GXL1509180102].

FIGURE 8. Chamaesium viridiflorum. A. cross section of mericarp; B. segment of basal leaf; C. habit; D. flowering umbellet with bracteoles; E. dorsal view of mericarps. [A, B, D, E from GXL1507150101; C from GXL1507150102].