Cephalosyne capitata Ponomarenko, 1969

Yan, Evgeny V., Beutel, Rolf G. & Ponomarenko, Alexander G., 2017, Ademosynidae (Insecta: Coleoptera): A new concept for a coleopteran key taxon and its phylogenetic affinities to the extant suborders, Palaeontologia Electronica 5 (8), pp. 1-22 : 12-13

Cephalosyne capitata Ponomarenko, 1969 C. capitata : Ponomarenko, 1969, p. 134

Figure 3 .8, Figure 4.7

Material. Holotype: PIN 2240 /302, beetle without legs; Eastern Asia , Dzhailyaucho, Lower Triassic . Paratypes: PIN 2069 /1342, 2240/130, 2240/130, 2240/273, 2555/1732 from the same locality .

PIN 2069/1342, 2240/130, 2240/130, 2240/ 273, 2555/1732 from the same locality.

Revised description. At least anterior margin of pronotum with a fine bead. Prosternal intercoxal process with thickened outer margin, 1.5 times longer than prosternum in front of it. Space between mesocoxae slightly narrower than mesocoxal length. Metaventrite 1.5 times wider than long at posterior margin. Mesanepisterna with longitudinal ridges. Ventral side covered with rather large, dense tubercles, dorsal side with smaller sparse tubercles. See measurements in Table 1.

Differs from other species by narrow acute prosternal intercoxal process and short, broad intercoxal process of metaventrite.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Genera of Ademosynidae family, habitual photos. 1, Gnathosyne akkolkensis Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype, PIN 2496/7 counterpart. 2, Ademosyne kirgizica Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 2096/1369. 3, 4, A. kirgizica Ponomarenko, 1969 paratype PIN 2555/1696 print and counterprint. 5, A. bacca Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 2240/310. 6, A. bacca Ponomarenko, 1969, paratype PIN 2240/294. 7, A. ellyptica Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 2240/224. 8, Cephalosyne capitata Ponomarenko, 1969 holotype PIN 2240/302. Scale bars equal 1 mm.

FIGURE 4. Genera of Ademosynidae family, line drawings. 1, Gnathosyne akkolkensis Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype, PIN 2496/7 counterpart. 2, Ademosyne kirgizica Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 2096/1369. 3 A. kirgizica Ponomarenko, 1969, paratype PIN 2555/1696 print and counterprint. 4, A. bacca Ponomarenko, 1969 holotype PIN 2240/310. 5, A. bacca Ponomarenko, 1969, paratype PIN 2240/294. 6, A. ellyptica Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 2240/224. 7, Cephalosyne capitata Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 2240/302. Scale bars: 1 mm. Label abbreviations: c.e – compound eye; crd – cardo; cx.r – coxal rests; cx1, 2 – pro- and mesocoxae; ep – epipleura; epm2 – mesepimeron; fm1 – profemur; gul – gular plate (gula); i.p1 – prosternal intercoxal process; l.d – pronotal longitudinal depression; l.i – lateral incixions of submentum; l.r – longitudinal ridge; md – mandibles; msc – mesoscutum; mt – mentum; ms.p – mesosternal pit; o.f – occipital foramen; par – parietal; pd – pedicellus; pl1 – propleurite; p.mt – prementum; p.t.p. – posterior tentorial pit; sc – scapus; scl – scutellum; sct – mesoscutum; s.g – gular suture; s.l2 – longitudinal suture of mesoventrite; s.l3 – longitudinal suture of metaventrite; smt – submentum; s.pc – paracoxal suture.

FIGURE 5. Petrosyne Ponomarenko, 1969 and ademosynid beetles re-assigned to Polyphaga suborder, photos and line drawings. 1, 2 Petrosyne liassica Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 166/39. 3, 4 Ranis collevus Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 371/1755 and line drawing. 5, 6, R. ovalis Ponomarenko, 1969, holotype PIN 2066/2642. Scale bars equal 1 mm. Label abbreviations: cx.r – coxal rests; msc – mesoscutum; tb1 – protibia.

FIGURE 6. Comparative morphology of †Ademosynidae, polyphagan beetles and stem group Coleoptera. 1, 2, Stenocyphon sasaji Lawrence, 2001. 3, 4, Epiphanis cornutus (Eschscholtz, 1829). 5, 6, Dolichosyne sulcata Ponomarenko, 1969. 7, 8 Gnathosyne akkolkensis Ponomarenko, 1969. 9, 10, Archosyne permiana Ponomarenko et al., 2014. 11, 12, Tecticupes heckeri Rohdendorf, 1961 (†Taldycupedidae). 13, 14, Permocupes sojanensis Ponomarenko, 1963 (†Permocupedidae). Scale bars equal 1mm. Label abbreviations: mb.c – membranous connection.

FIGURE 7. Strict consensus tree of 71 minimum length trees (NONA, ratchet, 1000 replicates, all characters unweighted and unordered), 91 steps, consistency index 0.43. Monopyhyly of †Ademosynidae supported by two unambiguous apomorphies: anterior pronotal margin convex and overlapping posterior part of head (18.1), anterolateral pronotal angles absent (19.1). Systematic position of †Ademosynidae and Archosyne ambiguous.