Campylocentrum steyermarkii Foldats (1968: 316)

Pessoa, Edlley & Alves, Marccus, 2018, Taxonomical revision of Campylocentrum sect. Campylocentrum (Orchidaceae, Vandeae, Angraecinae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 362 (1), pp. 1-20 : 15-16

9. Campylocentrum steyermarkii Foldats (1968: 316) .

Type: — VENEZUELA. Táchira: El Piñal, Río Frío, 27–30 August 1966, J.A. Steyermark & M. Rabe 96715 (holotype: VEN, photograph!). ( Fig. 7A–D , Fig. 6 )

Erect or pendent herbs. Roots 1.0–2.0 mm diameter, dorso-ventrally flattened. Stem 0.2–0.8 cm long. Leaves 1.0–2.5 × 0.2–0.7 cm, oblong-elliptical to oblanceolate, sub-falcate, lobes acute. Inflorescences 1.5–2.3 cm long, lax, peduncle 0.7–0.8 cm long, minutely papillose; rachis 0.8–1.5 cm long, minutely papillose; floral bracts 0.8–1.5 × 0.3–0.5 mm, deltoid, margin entire to minutely denticulate, the apex acute. Flowers 10–16 (per inflorescence), pale green, pedicellate ovary 1–1.5 mm long, minutely papillose; dorsal sepal 1.5–2.0 × 0.5–0.8 mm, oblong, glabrous, 1-nerved, the apex acute; lateral sepals 2.0–2.1 × 0.5–0.7 mm, oblong, subfalcate, glabrous, 1-nerved, the apex acute; petals 1.2–1.5 × 0.3–0.6 mm, elliptical-lanceolate, 1-nerved, glabrous, the apex acute; lip 1.5–1.8 × 1.0– 1.2 mm, entire, ovate, glabrous, 5-nerved, margin entire, the apex acute, producing a spur at base, spur 0.7–1.2 mm long, 0.5–0.7 mm diameter, ovoid, inflexed, pale green, glabrous, the apex rounded; gynostemium 0.4–0.8 mm long, anther cap apex 2-lobed. Capsules 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–2.0 mm, glabrous to minutely papillose, pedicel 0.3–0.5 mm long.

Distribution and Habitat:— South America ( Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela), in Brazil (state of Amazonas) it grows in lowland forest of the Amazon basin.

Conservation status:— Due to the few specimens known, it is not possible to classify this species under any IUCN status. Data Deficient (DD).

Nomenclatural notes:— It was treated as a synonym of C. hondurense by Carnevali & Ramírez (1993). The authors argued that it was described based on a specimen with young buds and not fully developed spurs. However, specimens with fully developed flowers from Brazil (J. Ribeiro et al. 1642) and Peru (G. Haxaire 873) were analyzed and both had kept the spur morphology as described to C. steyermarkii . It confirmed the spur as a diagnostic character to distinguish C. steyermarkii .

Similar species:— Campylocentrum steyermarkii is similar to C. hondurense based on its entire lip. Although similar on vegetative and majority of the flower features, these species are easily distinguished by the spur morphology as cited above. Campylocentrum steyermarkii has an ovoid and inflexed spur, rounded at apex, while in C. hondurense it is ellipsoid, sigmoid and attenuate at the apex. (Table 1)

Additional specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, Reserva Ducke, 17 Jun 1995, Ribeiro et al. 1642 (INPA, K). PERU. Loreto: Maynas, Rio Yubineto, 4 Feb 1978, Haxaire 873 (P).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Distribution map of Campylocentrum micranthum, (black square); C. serranum (white circle), C. steyermarkii (white triangle) and C. ulaei (black circle).

FIGURE 7. A–D. Campylocentrum steyermarkii. A. Habit. B. Flower. C. Lip and spur in profile. D. Dissected perianth. E–H. C. ulaei. E. Habit. F. Flower G. Spur in profile. H. Dissected perianth. [A–D drawn from Ribeiro et al. 1642 (K). E–H. drawn from Brade 10000 (HB)].