Campylocentrum huebneri Mansfeld (1928: 382)

Pessoa, Edlley & Alves, Marccus, 2018, Taxonomical revision of Campylocentrum sect. Campylocentrum (Orchidaceae, Vandeae, Angraecinae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 362 (1), pp. 1-20 : 8-10

4. Campylocentrum huebneri Mansfeld (1928: 382) .

Type: — BRAZIL. Amazonas: sine loco acurato, s.d., G. Huebner 194 [holotype: B, destroyed, neotype here designated: BRAZIL.

Amazonas, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Rio Iamirim, 17 July 1999, J.B. Silva 835 (neotype: MG!). ( Fig. 3 A-E, Fig. 4 ) Campylocentrum uroplectrum Pabst (1955: 135) . Type: — BRAZIL. Amazonas: Codajás, Rio Capitarí, 10 November 1950, A. Fróes 26591

(holotype: IAN!, isotype: HB!, AMES, photograph!).

Pendent herbs. Roots 1.5–23.0 mm diameter, cylindrical. Stem 5–23 cm long. Leaves 3.5–9.0 × 1–2 cm, usually dark brown when dried, oblong to oblong-elliptical, lobes obtuse to rounded. Inflorescences 1.0– 2.5 cm long, congest, peduncle 0.2–0.5 cm long, glabrous; rachis 0.8–2.0 cm long, glabrous; floral bracts 0.7–1.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm, deltoid, margin minutely denticulate, the apex acute. Flowers 8–18 (per inflorescence), yellowish or pale orange, pedicellate ovary 1.8–2.2 mm long, glabrous or sparsely pilose; dorsal sepal 3.2–4.3 × 1.1–2.0 mm, oblong-lanceolate, 3-nerved, adaxially sparsely pilose, the apex obtuse to rounded; lateral sepals 3.5–5.0 × 1.1–2.0 mm, oblong-lanceolate, sub-falcate, 3-nerved, adaxially sparsely pilose, the apex acute, obtuse or rounded; petals 2.6–4.0 × 1–1.5 mm, oblong-elliptical, 3-nerved, glabrous to adaxially sparsely pilose, the apex acute to obtuse; lip 2.6–4.2 mm long, 3.0– 3.5 mm wide between the lateral lobes, 3-lobed, 7-nerved, margin entire, producing a spur at base, lateral lobes 1–3 × 0.8–1.0 mm, deltoid to oblong, the apex obtuse to rounded, mid-lobe 1.8–2.1 × 1.0– 1.1 mm, deltoid, the apex acute, spur 12–19 mm long, 1.2–1.5 mm diameter, cylindrical, patent, yellowish or pale orange, sparsely pilose, the apex acute to obtuse; gynostemium 0.7–1.0 mm long, anther cap apex acute. Capsules 9.0–13.0 × 3.0–4.0 mm, glabrous to sparsely pilose, pedicel 0.8–1.0 mm long.

Distribution and Habitat:— South America ( Brazil and Venezuela), in Brazil (states of Acre, Amazonas, and Roraima). It is found in the Amazon basin in lowlands up to 200 m elevation, often in flooded forests locally called igapós or várzeas.

Conservation status:— Based on the wide distribution and low fragmentation of habitat, this species falls under the Least Concern (LC) category.

Nomenclatural notes:— The holotype of C. huebneri was destroyed in the WWII, and no isotypes were located as well as no illustrations.A neotype was chosen among the samples collected by G. Huebner in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.

Similar species:— Campylocentrum huebneri is part of the “ C. micranthum complex” ( Pessoa et al. 2015b), also represented in Brazil by C. kuntzei , C. mattogrossense , and C. micranthum . The species is easily distinguished by its longer patent spur (> 12 mm vs. up to 6 mm) and anther cap apex obtuse (vs. 2-lobed). The most similar species is endemic to Peru and Colombia, C. huebnerioides Bennett & Christenson (1998: 408) , which differs by a shorter and arched spur (Table 1).

Additional specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Acre: Parangaba, Rio Juruá-Mirim , 21 May 1971, Mass 13191 ( INPA) ; Amazonas: BR-174 sentido Boa Vista , Nov 1983, Hutchison 8758 ( UEC) ; São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Rio Iamirim , 17 Jul 1999, Silva 835 ( MG) ; Roraima: Caracaraí, Parque Nacional do Viruá, Rio Barauana , 26 Jun 2010, Pessoa et al. 355 ( INPA) ; ibid., 19 Sep 2011, Pessoa et al. 670 ( INPA, UFP) ; ibid., 21 Sep 2011, Pessoa et al. 701 ( INPA, UFP) . VENEZUELA. Amazonas: San Carlos de Rio Negro , 22 Sep 1975, Berry & Brunig 1487 ( MO) ; Atures, Río Coro-Coro , 23 Feb 1987, Liesner & Holst 21338 ( MO) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. A–E. Campylocentrum huebneri. A. Habit, B. Flower. C. spur in profile. D. Dissected perianth. E. Dissected perianth. F–J. C. kuntzei. F. Habit. G. Flower. H. pedicellate ovary, lip and spur in profile. I. Dissected perianth. H. Dissected perianth. K–O. C. mattogrossense. K. Habit. L. Flower. M. Flower. N. Pedicellate ovary, lip and spur in profile. O. Dissected perianth. [A–D. Pessoa et al. 670 (UFP). E. Liesner & Holst 21338 (MO); F–I. Drawn from Medeiros 374 (RB). J. Drawn from Esser 14519 (HEID).K–L and O. Drawn from Maciel 1476 (MG). M–N. Drawn from Villiers & Sarthou 6126 (P)].

FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Campylocentrum huebneri (black circle), C. kuntzei (black square) and C. mattogrossense (white triangle).