Campylocentrum hirtellum Cogniaux (1906: 521)

Pessoa, Edlley & Alves, Marccus, 2018, Taxonomical revision of Campylocentrum sect. Campylocentrum (Orchidaceae, Vandeae, Angraecinae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 362 (1), pp. 1-20 : 6-7

2. Campylocentrum hirtellum Cogniaux (1906: 521) .

Type: — BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Teresópolis, Serra dos Orgãos, 1886–1887, H. Schenck 2718 (holotype: B, destroyed, lectotype here designated: BR!). ( Fig. 1E–H , Fig. 2 )

Erect herbs. Roots 0.5–2.0 mm diameter, cylindrical to dorso-ventrally flattened. Stem 0.3–0.7 cm long. Leaves 0.5– 2.1 × 0.2–0.5 cm, oblanceolate, sub-falcate, lobes acute at apex. Inflorescences 1.5–5.0 cm long, lax, peduncle 0.5–1.0 cm long, hirtellous; rachis 1.0– 3.7 cm long, hirtellous; floral bracts 0.5–0.7 × 0.2–0.4 mm, deltoid, margin entire to minutely denticulate, the apex acute. Flowers 10–30 (per inflorescence), whitish, pedicellate ovary 0.8–1.0 mm long, densely hirtellous; dorsal sepal 2.2–3.0 × 0.7–1.0 mm, oblong-elliptical, adaxially sparsely pilose, 1-nerved, the apex obtuse; lateral sepals 2.5–3.2 × 0.5–0.8 mm, oblong, subfalcate, adaxially sparsely pilose, 1-nerved, the apex acute; petals 1.8–2.8 × 0.5–1.0 mm, oblong-elliptical, 1-nerved, glabrous, the apex acute; lip 2.2–2.8 mm long, 1–2 mm wide between the lateral lobes, 3-lobed, 7–9-nerved, margin entire, producing a spur at base, lateral lobes 0.8–1.0 × 0.3–0.5 mm, oblanceolate, the apex rounded, mid-lobe 1.3–1.8 × 0.3–0.7 mm, lanceolate, the apex acute, spur 1.6–2.5 mm long, 0.6–1.0 mm diameter, cylindrical-clavate, curved, glabrous, the apex rounded; gynostemium 0.5–0.7 mm long, anther cap apex 2-lobed. Capsules 4.0–6.0 × 1.5–2.0 mm, densely hirtellous, pedicel 1.0– 1.2 mm long.

Distribution and Habitat:— Endemic to Brazil (states of Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina). This rare species is only known from few specimens from the Atlantic Forest. The labels of the specimens do not provide additional information about the habitat of this species but possibly grows in the dense ombrophilous forest.

Conservation status:— Based on criterion B1a and B2a, this species is considered Endangered (EN).

Nomenclatural notes:— The type specimen collected by H. Schenck was destroyed in the WWII and the lectotype designed here is constituted by a capsule with persistent perianth deposited in BR. Although it was described as a leafless species (C. sect. Dendrophylopsis), the analysis of other collections confirmed the presence of small leaves which are caduceus in some specimens.

Similar species:— Campylocentrum hirtellum is distinguished from all other species of the section by its densely hirtellous pedicellate ovary and capsules. The most similar species is C. serranum , from which can be recognized also by the longer perianth (> 2.2 mm long vs. <1.6 mm long), lip 7–9-nerved (vs. 5-nerved) and spur twice longer than the pedicellate ovary (vs. slightly longer). Its small leaves (0.5–2.1 cm long) are often absent in dried specimens. (Table 1)

Additional specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: sine loco acurato, s.d., no col. ( R, SP) ; Cantagalo , 1844, Riedel s.n. ( W, P) ; Santa Catarina: Blumenau , Jun 1868, Muller 84 ( K) ; Ibirama, Horto Florestal , 2 Nov 1953, Reitz & Klein 1152 ( HB, HBR) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. A–D. Campylocentrum calostachyum. A. Habit. B. Flower. C. Dissected perianth,. D. Dissected perianth; E–H. C. hirtellum,. E. Habit. F. Flower G. pedicellate ovary, lip and spur in profile, H. Dissected perianth; I–L. C. hondurense, I. Habit, J. Flower, K. lip and spur in profile, L. Dissected perianth. [A–C, drawn from A. C. Brade 17235 (RB),; D. drawn from M.R. Miranda s.n. (UFP); E–H. drawn from Reitz & Klein 1152 (HBR); I–L. drawn from L.A.S. Santos et al. 2842 (UFP)].

FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Campylocentrum calostachyum (black circle), C. hirtellum (white triangle) and C. hondurense (black square).