Calligrapha fulvipes (Gistel, 1848)

Gómez-Zurita, Jesús, 2021, Systematic revision of Calligrapha s. str. Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae), Zootaxa 4953 (1), pp. 1-111 : 67-89

Calligrapha fulvipes (Gistel, 1848)

( Figs 11 , 12a–d , 13a–d )

Phyllis fulvipes Gistel, 1848a in Gistel & Bromme, Handbuch der Naturgeschichte, p. 403.

Phyllis fulvipes: Gistel, 1848b , Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs, p. 123.

Phyllis fulvipes: Gistel, 1851 , Naturgeschichte des Therreichs, Zweite Auflage, p. 123.

Calligrapha fulvipes Stål, 1859 , Öfvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Förh. 16, p. 323. syn. nov.

Calligrapha nupta Stål, 1859 . Öfvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Förh. 16, p. 323. syn. nov.

Calligrapha sponsa Stål, 1859 . Öfvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Förh. 16, p. 323. syn. nov.

Calligrapha bajula Stål, 1860 , Öfvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Förh. 17, p. 461. syn. nov.

Chrysomela nupta: Stål, 1865 , Mon. Chrysom. Amer., 3, p. 267.

Chrysomela sponsa: Stål, 1865 , Mon. Chrysom. Amer., 3, p. 267.

Chrysomela fulvipes: Stål, 1865 , Mon. Chrysom. Amer., 3, p. 268.

Chrysomela bajula: Stål, 1865 , Mon. Chrysom. Amer., 3, p. 269.

Calligrapha bajula: Gemminger & Harold, 1874 , Cat. Coleopt., 11, p. 3432.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Gemminger & Harold, 1874 , Cat. Coleopt., 11, p. 3433.

Calligrapha nupta: Gemminger & Harold, 1874 , Cat. Coleopt., 11, p. 3433.

Calligrapha sponsa: Gemminger & Harold, 1874 , Cat. Coleopt., 11, p. 3434.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Jacoby, 1882 , Biol. Centr.-Amer., 6, p. 205.

Calligrapha bajula: Jacoby, 1882 , Biol. Centr.-Amer., 6, p. 208.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Jacoby, 1891 , Biol. Centr.-Amer., 6, Suppl., p. 246.

Polyspila bajula: Weise, 1916 , Col. Cat., 68, p. 38.

Polyspila fulvipes: Weise, 1916 , Col. Cat., 68, p. 40.

Polyspila nupta: Weise, 1916 , Col. Cat., 68, p. 41.

Polyspila sponsa: Weise, 1916 , Col. Cat., 68, p. 43.

Calligrapha bajula: Blackwelder, 1946 , Checklist Col. Amer., 4, p. 674.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Blackwelder, 1946 , Checklist Col. Amer., 4, p. 674.

Calligrapha nupta: Blackwelder, 1946 , Checklist Col. Amer., 4, p. 674.

Calligrapha sponsa: Blackwelder, 1946 , Checklist Col. Amer., 4, p. 674.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Brown, 1946 , Can. Ent., 78, p. 49.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Blackwelder & Blackwelder, 1948 , Leng Cat. Col., suppl. 5, p. 42.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Monrós & Bechyné, 1956 , Ent. Arb. Mus. Frey, 7, p. 1128.

Calligrapha nupta: Bechyné & Springlová de Bechyné, 1965 , Rev. Fac. Agron. Maracay, 3, p. 74.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Bechyné & Springlová de Bechyné, 1965 , Rev. Fac. Agron. Maracay, 3, p. 75.

Calligrapha sponsa: Bechyné & Springlová de Bechyné, 1965 , Rev. Fac. Agron. Maracay, 3, p. 75.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Wilcox, 1972 , Bull. Univ. St. N. Y., 421, p. 8.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Maes & Staines, 1991 , Rev. Nic. Ent. 18, p. 13.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Flowers & Janzen, 1997 , Florida Entom. 80, p. 344.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Gómez-Zurita, Funk & Vogler, 2006 , Evolution, 60, p. 332.

Calligrapha bajula: Montelongo & Gómez-Zurita, 2014 , Zool. Scr., 43, p. 607.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Montelongo & Gómez-Zurita, 2014 , Zool. Scr., 43, p. 607.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Maes & Gómez-Zurita, 2016 , Rev. Nic. Ent., 76, p. 14.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Benítez-García et al., 2017 , Rev. Mex. Biodiv., 88, p. 339.

Calligrapha bajula: Merckx et al., 2018 , Biodiversity Inf., 13, p. 43.

Calligrapha fulvipes: Merckx et al., 2018 , Biodiversity Inf., 13, p. 43.

Calligrapha nupta: Merckx et al., 2018 , Biodiversity Inf., 13, p. 44.

Calligrapha sponsa: Merckx et al., 2018 , Biodiversity Inf., 13, p. 45.

In most old catalogues (e.g., Stål 1865; Weise, 1916; Blackwelder 1946), the name Calligrapha fulvipes is attributed to Stål (1859). However, Monrós and Bechyné (1956) and in part Bechyné & Springlová (1965) introduced some debate about the authority of this taxon, attributing it to Johannes Gistel instead. These works generated some confusion, since they mentioned just one publication and two different years for the species, the Systema Insectorum, published in 1837 ( Gistel 1837), and one source not mentioned from 1857 (perhaps a typo). In any case, as reminded by Bezděk (2020), the species was first published under Phyllis Gistel, 1848 in the pages of the Thierreich issues of the Handbuch der Naturgeschichte in 1848 ( Gistel & Bromme 1850). The name Calligrapha fulvipes (Gistel) would have to be considered as valid ( Monrós & Bechyné 1956), since it was explicitly published as a new species from Mexico and providing with a description, even if brief and generic, mostly mentioning color: a blue beetle with black venter, yellow elytra with black hieroglyphic markings and reddish legs, of the size of Chrysomela cerealis . Monrós & Bechyné (1956) went one step further to suggest that Stål actually described years later the same species as Gistel and under the same name, thus that Calligrapha fulvipes Stål, 1859 was both a synonym and an homonym of Phyllis fulvipes Gistel, 1848 . However, these authors did not reveal how they reached this conclusion and, in my opinion, the question still remains whether Gistel’s species is the same that was described by Stål years later.

The name Calligrapha fulvipes was used for a species of Mexican beetle that had been already in European collections for several years before the work of Gistel (e.g., Dejean 1837). This name and applied to the same species was certainly reutilized and validated by Stål, as he did with several of the names in his descriptions of Calligrapha (and other Chrysomelinae ). We know this to be the case because he based a good part of his studies on Chevrolat’s collection and using the names often proposed by Chevrolat himself, including: C. mexicana Stål , C. sponsa Stål , C. nupta Stål , C. diversa Stål , C. argus Stål , C. suboculata Stål , C. geographica Stål , C. picicollis Stål , C. pantherina Stål , C. malvae Stål , C. exclamationis Stål and, of course, C. fulvipes Stål. On the other hand, in the case of Gistel’s taxon, we cannot know which species it applied to, but we know he was aware that it was part of Calligrapha as used by contemporary authors, even though he rejected the name (“deren schlechter Genusname Calligraphapha [sic] wegfallen muss”; Gistel 1848b).

To solve this issue, it would be crucial examining Gistel’s types. Gistel’s collection or part of it was in principle donated in 1877, few years after his death, to the Bavarian collection of Zoology ( Horn et al. 1990; Scherer 1992). However, these specimens, let alone the types have to be considered as good as lost ( Monrós & Bechyné 1956; Scherer 1992), and I certainly have not seen specimens in this collection that I could relate to Gistel, particularly among the specimens of C. fulvipes sensu Stål , which are easy to recognize. By all means, Gistel’s taxon is valid but strictly speaking it is a nomen dubium. However, some of the precedents just discussed can help us give some context to the meaning of the name, despite the number of species of Mexican Calligrapha (and Zygospila) that fit Gistel’s description; these precedents being: (1) the previous existence of a name that Gistel knew and for a species that he probably knew as well; and (2) the certainty that Gistel used this name for a species congeneric with species under Calligrapha , including the one that almost certainly would be formally described later by Stål under C. fulvipes . Under these precedents, I would argue that it is unlikely that Gistel, a man described as pretentious and idiosynchratic ( Scherer 1992; Baker 1997), consciously proposed a new taxon homonymic with a known species, and it is possible that he recycled instead the known name of a known species to illustrate his new genus Phyllis Gistel. Otherwise , it would have been more practical to propose a new specific epithet as well to break entirely with the classification he disliked. On the other hand, Stål proposing a homonym with one of Gistel’s taxa is clearly possible, since at that time the work by Gistel was being actively ignored by his contemporary ( Gemminger & Harold 1868, p. vi: “Wir bemerken gleich hier, dass wir die Arbeiten aller Entomologen, mit alleineiger Ausnahme jener des Herrn Dr. Johannes Gistl aufgenommen haben, über den mit einer sonst seltenen Einstimmigkeit das gesammte wissenschaftliche Publikum sein Verdikt ausgesprochen hat.”). In summary, I am inclined to agree with Monrós & Bechyné (1956) that Calligrapha fulvipes Stål is both a homonym and a synonym of Phyllis fulvipes Gistel. Adopting this stance also has some practical advantages for nomenclature stability. If the two taxa were not synonyms, we would have the impossible task of figuring for Gistel’s name, a nomen dubium, what species of Calligrapha should be used to designate a neotype and receive Gistel’s name. Since most if not all species of Calligrapha are currently known and most were described after 1848, it would possibly imply downgrading to synonymy another well-established taxon. Moreover, because of homonymy, a new replacement name would have to be proposed for Stål’s species anyway. On the other hand, if the two taxa were accepted as synonyms, regardless of them being homonyms or not, the rule of priority would apply and Gistel’s authority take precedence, with Stål’s alternative becoming invalid and not requiring further nomenclature action. It is obvious that the most economic solution in term of taxonomic acts is clearly the second, and it is the one definitely favored here. As a neotype, I selected a charismatic Mexican specimen that undoubtlessly is conspecific with Stål’s taxon, the concept for this species used throughout the history of taxonomy of Calligrapha , and at the same time without the risk of being any of Stål’s syntypes for his C. fulvipes , which could destabilize the system. Specifically, I propose using the specimen selected by Jacoby (1882) to illustrate C. fulvipes in Biologia Centrali-Americana.

Neotype ( Fig. 12a ), by present designation: female, Toxpam [Tuxpan], Mexico, Sallé Coll., 629, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål apud Sallé, Sp. figured, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer., BMNH(E)1316971 ( NHM).

Description. Body elongate, elliptical, moderately convex and slightly depressed on dorsum. Head, pronotum, scutellum, coxae and ventral surfaces including coxae and most of abdominal ventrites brown with shiny purplish blue metallic reflections. Antennae, labrum, apex of clypeus, mandibles, mouth appendages and legs including trochanters rufous. Elytral markings, epipleura and apical abdominal ventrite brown with a hint of blue metallic sheen. Ground of elytra creamy yellow. Length: 7.6 mm; width: 5.1 mm.

Head small, half as wide as pronotum, deeply inserted into prothorax; frons weakly convex, with surface finely microreticulate and moderately strong punctures rather evenly distributed, stronger near eyes, with short, anteriorly appressed fine translucent setae; frontal suture fine, fused anteriorly to markedly impressed broad bisinuous frontoclypeal suture; supraocular furrow deep, short, not surpassing dorsal border of eye posteriorly. Eyes small, dorsoventrally elongate, about twice as long as wide, entire and finely faceted. Clypeus markedly transverse, twice as broad at apex as long at middle, depressed below level of frons, microreticulate and punctate like frons, with medially convergent pale yellow setae mainly at deflexed anterior margin. Labrum nearly as long as clypeus, with curved sides, round angles and apex emarginate at obtuse angle; surface smooth, with some anterior setigerous punctures and long, medially convergent pale yellow setae. Mandibles large, robust, largely surpassing length of labrum by more than twice its length; sides concave at base before strong curvature at middle; sides with strong, deep round punctures and long recumbent pale yellow setae. Last maxillary palpomere broader than long, parallel sided, obliquely truncate at apex; previous palpomere wider at apex than last palpomere and strongly narrowed and slightly elbowed at base; basl maxillary palpomere long, strongly widened apically. Antennae slender, relatively short, reaching humeri, slightly clavate beyond sixth antennomere; antennomeres 1–6 weakly clavate, smooth, with few scattered semierect long setae, and antennomeres 7–11 longer than wide, slightly enlarged toward apex, finely rugose, densely pubescent and with scattered long setae; scape large, twice as long as wide, convex anteriorly and widened in apical half, and slightly concave posteriorly; pedicel slightly less than half as long as scape, longer than wide and enlarged toward apex; third antennomere over 1.5x longer than pedicel, fourth antennomere about 1.3x as long as pedicel, and antennomeres 5–6 subequal, slightly longer than pedicel; seventh antennomere 0.8x as long as third, eighth and ninth about as long as fourth, with eight nearly 0.9x as wide at apex as long, and tenth slightly longer; eleventh antennomere nearly as long as scape, conical in apical half with blunt apex.

Pronotum transverse, nearly 1.9x as wide between posterior angles as long at middle; anterior border bisinuous, weakly convex behind vertex and slightly concave at sides, behind eyes and toward strongly produced anterior angles, finely margined, with margin thickened at sides; anterior angles large, acute, with blunt round apex bearing large trichobothrium at angle; sides weakly convergent at base and progressively curved toward anterior angles, with narrow explanate margin visible from above in basal 2/3 and concealed apically owing to lateral convexity of pronotum; posterior border bisinuous, with wide median lobe and weakly concave at sides toward posterior angles, unmargined; posterior angles obtuse, with large trichobothrium at angle externally; surface of pronotum microreticulate, with double punctation of relatively uniform minute punctures and heterogeneous moderately strong scattered punctation on disc, with punctures becoming stronger, larger, deeper and occasionally confluent toward sides; punctures near sides of basal border elongate, confluent with margin. Hypomera triangular, slightly convex on disc and transversally concave posteriorly, with surface smooth and shiny, unpunctured, with fine transverse irregular furrows near base; hypomeral suture weakly impressed, obliterated posteriorly, close to pronotal margin and progressively diverging toward base of anterior angles. Prosternum short, transverse, with areas in front of procoxae about as long as scape, anteriorly concave and finely margined, finely microreticulate, unpunctured in anterior half and with large shallow and confluent punctures in posterior half in front of procoxae with long pale yellow setae; prosternal process about 2.5x longer than anterior part of prosternum, narrower between procoxae and gradually expanded posteriorly toward weakly convex posterior border, markedly convex in sagittal plane, with smooth and glossy median carina and rugose with strong punctures and scattered long pale yellow setae at sides of carina. Mesepimera and mesanepisterna finely microreticulate, with large mostly shallow punctures and fine, short translucent setae. Mesoventrite short and transverse, with process about as wide as posterior end of prosternal process, smooth and with scattered fine pale yellow setae; anterior part of mesoventrite, in front of mesocoxae microreticulate, with large deep round punctures and short pale yellow setae. Metanepisterna microreticulate, with large, strong punctures basally, smaller and deeper in posterior narrow half. Metaventrite slightly longer than ensemble prosternum and mesoventrite, with subtrapezoidal and broadly margined anterior process and weakly concave posterior border between metacoxae; disc smooth and glossy, with finely impressed discrimen in posterior half, and sides finely microreticulate, with scattered fine punctures mainly around anterior angles; surface with scattered fine short pale yellow setae. Scutellum longer than wide at base, lancet-shaped with broad round apex; surface almost flat, slightly depressed on disc, microreticulate, unpunctured.

Elytra elongate, 0.75x as long as body, wider at base than base of pronotum, with round humeral angles, weakly indicated humeri, sides subparallel in basal 2/3 and regularly round at apex, with narrowly explanate margin invisible from above owing to lateral convexity of elytra; surface smooth, with scattered small shallow punctures, aligned near base of elytra, including scutellar row of some ten punctures, and premarginal line of punctures, only regular in posterior half of elytra; punctures around and within dark markings slightly stronger and deeper. Elytral markings ( Fig. 12a ) consisting of: (i) sutural stripe continuous from base of elytra, narrowly surrounding scutellum at base and gradually narrowing until sutural angle, neatly delimited by small punctures; (ii) subsutural stripe almost entirely confluent with sutural stripe except briefly at base, weakly divergent from sutural stripe for some four punctures; basal end of stripe posterior to apex of scutellum, gradually narrowing posteriorly, slightly enlarged at apical declivity of elytra, not reaching sutural angle, bounded by tight small punctures; (iii) small subrectangular spot confluent with base of elytron at inner declivity of humerus; (iv) humeral spot large, elongate, crescent-shaped and slightly curved toward suture, placed on humerus, distant from base of elytron; (v) humeral lunule long, curved toward suture at middle, completely fused externally with humeral spot, removed from base of elytra; apex of lunule irregular and variously connected to surrounding spots, longer on right elytron of type due to connection of apical end with irregular spot medially on disc; humeral lunule and spot loosely surrounded by small deep punctures and with numerous larger, deeper confused punctures within marking; (vi) spot enclosed by humeral lunule relatively small, slightly longer than wide, with basal end at level with base of subsutural stripe and posterior to base of humeral marking, free and slightly closer to humeral marking than to subsutural stripe; (vii) arcuate band missing and at most apical spot recognizable as small round spot on fourth interval at apical declivity of elytron; (viii) subhumeral spot small, half as big as spot enclosed by humeral lunule, roundish, free, crossed by four punctures of premarginal line; (ix) midlateral spot slightly bigger than subhumeral spot, elliptic, longer than wide, crossed by five punctures of premarginal line, narowlly connected externally with dark fine margin of elytron; (x) large median roundish spot with irregular margin posteriorly on disc of elytron; (xi) apical spot small, irregular, at level with apical end of subsutural stripe, equidistant from sutural and apical margins; (xii) 7–10 additional small roundish spots around large round postmedian spot. Epipleura weakly slanted ventrally, scarcely visible in lateral view, broad at base, slightly narrowed and parallel in basal third and gradually narrowing posteriorly, disappearing at apical border except for fine margin at inner border; surface slightly alutaceous, unpunctured, glabrous.

Femora slender, slightly enlarged medially and longitudinally depressed ventrally; surface relatively smooth, with sparse small punctures and fine, appressed short pale yellow setae. Tibiae slightly shorter than corresponding femur, nearly straight, gradually enlarged apically, with fine longitudinal ventral carinae and gradually expanded furrow in apical half externally; surface with scattered slightly aciculate punctures and short appressed pale yellow setae in basal half, and dense punctation and pubescence in apical half ventrally. Tarsi slender, slightly shorter than coresponding tibia; first tarsomere longer than wide at apex; second tarsomere shorter and narrower, with narrow cylindrical base; third tarsomere about as long as second, slightly wider than first and weakly bilobed at apex; onychium as long as first tarsomere, slightly clavate, with sharp small tooth ventrally at apex and sharp, weakly divergent simple claws. First abdominal ventrite as long as metaventrite, with short broad anterior process between metacoxae; disc smooth and shiny, with scattered fine punctures and short, posteriorly recumbent fine whitish setae; sides impressed and slightly rugose; abdominal ventrites 2–4 progressively shorter, together slightly longer than first ventrite at middle, transversally convex, with sculpture similar to first ventrite; fifth abdominal ventrite about as long as second ventrite, rather regularly curved and finely margined at apex. Penis ( Fig. 13a ) elongate, relatively thick, with sides nearly parallel in ventral view, more strongly curved dorsally than ventrally in lateral view, with apical quarter tapering and flattening to apex dorsally; sides feebly converging following contour of gonopore apically, and expanded laterally as sharp teeth, curved backward; apical border sinuous at sides and with short median lobe; gonopore oval, covered posteriorly by short transverse dorsal flap, broadly round at angles and slightly emarginate at apex; distal end of flagellum expanded as apically flattened disc, half as wide as ostium, with large central orifice and membranous at periphery.

Material examined (1635 specimens).

Specimens similar to the type of C. fulvipes (Gistel) (1347) .

BELIZE

MCZ: (1) five specimens, Belize, B. Hond.; (2) one specimen, R[iver] Sarstoon, B. Honduras, Blancaneau, 1st. Jacoby Coll. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Belize, Columbia Forest, sweeping, 11.vi.1981, M.S. Collins, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. RBINS: (1) nine specimens, Br. Hond., Ventes, 1893, J.C. Stevens. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen [X0544984], Belize, Toledo, Ruinas Lubaantun, 6.viii.1988, D.B. Thomas leg.

BRAZIL

MCZ: (1) one specimen, Brasil, Jacoby 2nd Coll. NHM: (1) one specimen, Brasil, 137, 67-56. RBINS: (1) one specimen, Brasil, Coll. Camille Van Volxem. ZSM: (1) six specimens, Brasilien, fulvipes, Coll. Kraatz, Clavareau det., Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke 2.

2 This series includes an additional specimen, glued alongside the others, but belonging to C. pantherina Stål.

CAYENNE

ZSM: (1) one specimen, Cayenne, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke.

COLOMBIA

MCZ: (1) one specimen, Bogotá, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (2) one specimen, Cali, Colombia, ix–xii.1894, Rosenberg. MfN: (1) one specimen, Bogotá, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål. NHM : (1) one specimen, Colombia, Antioquia, Heliconia, Humareda 1, 1.x.1996. Col. Y. Vargas, Sp. Nº 41-009, Pres. by CABI BIOSCIENCE BMNH(E) 1998-162; (2) two specimens, Bogota, Sharp Coll. 1905-313; (3) one specimen, E. Coll. Laferté, 699, N. Grenada, nupta Stål Stål , 67-56; (4) one specimen, Nova Granada, Fry Coll. 1905.100. NMCZ: (1) one specimen, Caura (?), Colombia, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) eleven specimens, Colombie, Ibague, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense [two with: Calligrapha nupta Stål ]. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Medellín, Colombia, Hermano Daniel Coll.; (2) one specimen, Colombie, Gift of F.C. Bowditch, Gift Ex MCZ Dupl. Series; (3) one specimen, Colombia. ZSM: (1) three specimens, Umg. Cali, 1000 m, Valle de Cauca, 4.vii.1955, leg. Steinh., Kolumbia, Südamerika, 254, B. Springlová det. 1982 Calligrapha nupta Stål , coll. Steinhausen, Zool. Staatslg. München; (2) one specimen, Umg. Cali, 1000 m, Valle de Cauca, 6.x.1955, leg. Steinh., Kolumbia, Südamerika, 254, B. Springlová det. 1982 Calligrapha nupta Stål , coll. Steinhausen, Zool. Staatslg. München, 254, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.

COSTA RICA

EGRC: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Alajuela, nr. Cariblanco, waterfall on Rte. 9, 6.vi.1984, E.G. Riley, D. Ryder & D. LeDoux leg.; (2) one specimen, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, La Pacífica, nr. Cañas, 22–26.v.1984, E.G. Riley, D. Ryder & D. LeDoux leg.; (3) four specimens, Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 26.v-3.vi.1984, E.G. Riley, D. Ryder & D. LeDoux leg.; (4) one specimen, Costa Rica, San José, San José, 1100–1200 m, vii.1980, N.L.H. Krauss leg. FSCA: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Alajuela, 10 km W Atenas, 31.v.1980, J.E. Wappes leg.; (2) one specimen, Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, CATIE area, 8-11.vi.1980, J.E. Wappes leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål Det. E.G. Riley ‘80; (3) one specimen, Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 1500 m, 11–13.v.1996, E. Giesbert leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen, Costa Rica, Puntarenas, 4–6 km S Santa Elena, 4–7.vi.1980, J.E. Wappes leg. MCZ: (1) two specimens, Volc. de Miravalles, Underw., 95; (2) one specimen, Volc. de Miravalles, Costa R.; (3) three specimens, Bebedero, Costa Rica, Underwood, 94; (4) two specimens, Costa Rica; (5) one specimen, Costa Rica, V. Patten, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (6) two specimens, Costa R., Jacoby 2nd Coll. MfN: (1) one specimen, San Mateo, Costa Rica, 400, XI; (2) one specimen, 39598, Costa Rica, Frantz; (3) four specimens, 39599, Costa Rica, Frantz [3x of the series without data]. NHM: (1) one specimen, Pozo Azul, Costa Rica, C.E. Tottenham BM1969-77; (2) one specimen, Costa Rica, V. Patten, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (3) five specimens, Costa Rica, 92-48 [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ]; (4) one specimen, Costa Rica, 93-69, 395, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (5) four specimens, Costa Rica, 93-69, 395; (6) one specimen, 15320, C. Rica, Fry Coll. 1905.100; (7) one specimen, Costa Rica, 200, 67-56. NMCZ: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Punt. Pr., Monteverde area, June 4–6, 1980, J.E. Wappes; (2) one specimen, on Masdavallia sp., C.R., 21.viii.’35, E [illegible] A32140 , C.E. Prince Jr.; (3) one specimen, San Rafael, Costa Rica, 5.vii.81, Sida sp., A.B.S. King, 38; (4) one specimen, Las Mercedes, Costa Rica, 11.v.1922, Nevermann Collection 1940; (5) four specimens, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, Guayabillos, SW. Abhang Irazu, 2200 m; (6) one specimen, San Jose, C.R., 4.vii.1926, Nevermann Collection 1940; (7) three specimens, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 22.vii.28, Waldeck; (8) one specimen, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 15.viii.33, Hamburg farm, Reventazon Ebene, Limon; (9) one specimen, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 15.ii.35, Hamburg farm, Reventazon Ebene, Limon, fliegend gefangen; (10) one specimen, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 25.x.36, Hamburg farm, Reventazon Ebene, Limon; (11) one specimen, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 25.v.32, Hamburg farm, Reventazon Ebene, Limon, am Gebüsch; (12) six specimens, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 27.ii.33 [1x], 2.vii.33 [1x], 30.i.34 [1x], 2.vii.35 [2x, in copula an Gebüsch], 23.i.37 [1x, an Gebüsch], Hamburg Farm, Reventazon, Ebene Limon, gekätschert an grass und Gebüsch; (13) one specimen, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, iv.30, Sta. Barba[ra] de Heredia, C. Fernández leg.; (14) one specimen, Piedr. Negras, Costa Rica, Coll. Schild & Burgdorf; (15) one specimen, Poas, Costa Rica, 2600’, Collection Wm Schaus; (16) one specimen, Costa Rica, Puntarenas Prov., Monteverde, 1300–1400 m, Aug. 1980, N.L.H. Krauss; (17) one specimen, Las Mercedes, Costa Rica, 28.iii.1922, Nevermann Collection 1960; (18) one specimen, Costa Rica, Cartago, 5 mi SE Moravia, 1000 m, Chirrippo Indian Res., 13–14.v.1988, leg. M. Dickmann; (19) one specimen, Costa Rica, San Jose, San Pedro, 20.iii.1988, W.E. Steiner, J.M. Hill, J.M. Swearingen & J.M. Mitchell; (20) one specimen, Bataan [Batán], C.R., 16.vi.1951, O.L. Cartwright; (21) one specimen, San José, C.R., 1160 m, M. Valerio Coll.; (22) one specimen, Piedr. Negras, Costa Rica, Coll. Schild & Burgdorf; (23) one specimen, Las Loras, near Puntarenas, C.R., 9.ix.1905, Fredk. Knab; (24) one specimen, Port Limon, C.R., 28.ix.1905, Fredk. Knab collector; (25) one specimen, on Solanum nigrum , April 29, 1935, Sofia Ballou, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, C.R., #2698, C.H. Ballou; (26) one specimen, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Monteverde, 10–14.viii.1976, J.C. Solomon Coll., 462; (27) one specimen, San José, Costa Rica, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (28) one specimen, Costa Rica, Heredia, Santo Domingo, 22–23.vi.2001, C.L. & S.L. Staines, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (29) one specimen, Monte Verde Cloud Forest, Punta Arenas, Costa Rica, 15.v.1996, Bruna Nearns, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (30) one specimen, Costa Rica. NRM: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Limón, 15 km S Siquirres, Las Brisas, Nairi-Barbilla nr Río Dontas, 300–500 m, 21–28.viii.1996, Gustafsson, Pape & Viklund leg. OSAC: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Cañas, 12.vii.1966, A.R. Moldenke leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. OUMNH: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, V. Patton, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman, Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen [X0545943], Costa Rica, Alajuela, 10 km W Atenas, 31.v.1980, James E. Wappes leg.; (2) three specimens [X0534186, X0535207, X0535544], Costa Rica, Alajela, 10 km N San Pedro, 26.vii.1990, William F. Chamberlain leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen [X0544195], Costa Rica, Guanacaste, 7 mi W Arenal, 29.vii.1966, J.B. Karren leg.; (4) two specimens, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, 6 mi S & 6 mi W Cañas Taboga, 10º19’N 85º09’W, 5.vii.1968, H.A. Hespenheide leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. GómezZurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen [X0542507], Costa Rica, Heredia, 3 km S Puerto Viejo, Estación Biológica La Selva, 12.iv.1988, H.A. Hespenheide leg.; (6) one specimen [X0541407], Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 13.vii.1972, R.R. & M.E. Murray leg.; (7) one specimen [X0536302], Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, 6.i.1974, taken from vegetation, Carl Barfield leg.; (8) one specimen [X0550661], Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde area, 4–6.vi.1980, James E. Wappes leg.; (9) one specimen [X0536662], Costa Rica, San José, University of San José, 17.i.1974, Carl Barfield leg.; (10) nineteen specimens, Costa Rica, San José, Escazu, 7–14.ii.1988 [X0539386], 8–18.iii.1988 [X0547951], 1–8.iv.1988 [X0545303], 11–18.iv.1988 [X0540201], 19–24.iv.1988 [X0537069, X0538383, X0539210, X0541420, X0542102, X0545317, X0545501, X0546464, X0552461], 2–13.v.1988 [X0541101, X0549949], 1–5.vii.1988 [X0540172], 3–16.vii.1988 [X0538802], 13–16.vii.1988 [X0539001], 5.vi.1989 [X0549821], F.D. Parker leg. ZSM: (1) four specimens, San José, Costa Rica.

ECUADOR

EGRC: (1)four specimens, Ecuador, Pichincha, 12 km E Tinalandia, Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 11–17.v.1986, J.E. Eger leg.; (2) three specimens, Ecuador, Pichincha, E of Santo Domingo, 8–14.v.1988, Hanson & Bohart leg., Calligrapha sponsa St. det. Daccordi ‘94, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) two specimens, Ecuador, Los Ríos, Río Palenque, 17.vi.1974, J. Longino leg.; (2) one specimen, Ecuador, Pichincha, Tinalandia, 8–10.vii.1987, H.V. Weems leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) seven specimens, Ecuador, Pichincha, Tinalandia, 12 km E Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 2200–2500 ft, 11–17.v.1986, G.B. Edwards leg., [three with: forest field, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]. MCZ: (1) one specimen, Nanegal, Ecuador, 3–4000 feet, Ed. Whymper, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (2) four specimens, Paramba, 3500’, iii.1897 [2x], iv.1897 [1x], v.1897 [1x], dry season, Rosenberg. MfN: (1) one specimen, Zaruma, 18.x.05, Zool. Mus. Berlin. NHM: (1) two specimens, Equador, Paramba, 3500’, v.97, dry season, Rosenberg, Fry Coll. 1905.100; (2) two specimens, Ecuador, Loja, Dec. 1892, P. Doguin, 1915-209. NMCZ: (1) three specimens, Equateur, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) four specimens, Ecuador (Amer.), Los Ceibos, iv.1966, Guayas. NMNH: (1) three specimens, F.W. Rohwer, Zaruma, Ecuador, [one with: Dec ‘15; two with: 1915]; (2) one specimen, Ecuador, Pich., Sto. Domingo de los Colorados, 6.v.1975, P.J. Spangler, Ecuador Peace Corps, Smithsonian Institution Aquatic Insect Survey; (3) three specimens, Ecuador, road between Quito and Santo Domingo, vii.1964, Dr. Ch. Gregoire.

TAMUIC: (1) four specimens [X0545981, X0548327, X0550040, X0550122], Ecuador, Pichincha, 12 km E Tinalandia, Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 11–17.v.1986, Joseph E. Eger leg.; (2) one specimen [X0533589], Ecuador, Pichincha, E of Santo Domingo, 8–14.v.1988, P. Hanson & G. Bohart leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) two specimens, Ecuador, Pichincha, La Unión, 27.xii.1983, R. Haswell leg., ex Richard Haswell Colln., October 2008, TAMU Insect Collection, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) one specimen, Santa Inéz (Ecuad.), R. Haensch S., Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke; (2) one specimen, Ecuador occ., Prov. Bolivar, Umg. Balzapamba, 800 m, 29.xii.1975, leg. H. Mühle.

EL SALVADOR

EGRC: (1) one specimen, El Salvador, Ahuachapan, Apaneca, 4500 ft, 7–12.ix.2002, D. Marcua leg. FSCA: (1) sixty-five specimens, El Salvador, Los Chorros, 700 m, 18.ix.1971 [13x], 4.vi.1972 [51x], 11.xii.1972 [1x], S. & L. Steinhauser leg.; (2) one specimen, El Salvador, San Isidro, Cerro Verde, 1080 m, 19.vii.1970 ,365, S.H.L. Steinhauser leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen, El Salvador, San Isidro, Cerro Verde, 1000 m, 5.x.1971, S. & L. Steinhauser leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen, El Salvador, Santa Tecla-Comasagua road, 1200 m, 6.viii.1970, 383, S.H.L. Steinhauser leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) nine specimens, El Salvador, Santa Tecla, 900 m, 14.viii.1970 [1x], 17.vi.1972 [1x], 23.vi.1972 [3x], 24.vi.1972 [1x], 25.vi.1972 [1x], 9.vii.1972 [2x], S. & L. Steinhauser leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen, El Salvador, Tamanique, 1000 m, 8.vii.1972, S. & L. Steinhauser leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (7) two specimens, El Salvador, Volcán Picalmo, 3.viii.1975 [1x], 13.viii.1975 [1x], R. Olszack leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det.2011. MfN: (1)four specimens, Servicios Técnicos Cafetaler[i]a, El Salvador, C.A., [one with: XIII, 14-E[nero]-39]. NHM: (1) eight specimens, San Salvador, Cent. Amer. 1883, Sharp Coll. 1905-313. NMNH: (1) twenty-four specimens, San Salvador, Gift of F.C. Bowditch, Gift ex MCZ Dupl. Series, [ten with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003]; (2) one specimen, El Salvador, Santa Tecla, October 1959, N.L.H. Krauss, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003; (3) eight specimens, El Salvador, San Salvador, 13–14.vi.1958, O.L. Cartwright; (4) twenty-six specimens, El Salvador, Santa Tecla, 20.v.1954, P.A. Berry; (5) one specimen, El Salvador, Santa Tecla, 4.vi.1958, O.L. Cartwright; (6) nineteen specimens, El Salvador, 2 mi down from Cerro Verde summit, 20.viii.1972, G.F. & S. Hevel; (7) two specimens, El Salvador, San Salvador SW, June 1970, J. Maldonado C. Coll.; (8) two specimens, El Salvador, La Palma, 24.vi.1958, L.J. Bottimer; (9) one specimen, El Salvador, La Toma, 16.v.1958, Coll. O.L. Cartwright, in cow dung; (10) one specimen, El Salvador, nr. San Salvador, top of volcano, 19.iv.1959, P.A. Berry; (11) one specimen, San Salvador, 9–10.v.1958, O.L. Cartwright, at light; (12) four specimens, El Salvador, Santa Ana, 6.0 km W Hwy CA1, above Lago de Coatepeque, 853 m, 1.vi.1973, Erwin & Hevel Central American Expedition 1973; (13) two specimens, C. America, El Salvador, Alfredo Martínez Cuestas; (14) two specimens, nº 444-45-A, 2.vii.1953, S. Salvador, Salazar; (15) one specimen, nº 444-212, 15.vi.1953, Rosario, Cuscatlan, M.S.V.; (16) one specimen, El Salvador, La Unión, 16.vi.1954, P.A. Perry. RBINS: (1) forty specimens, El Salvador, El Boquerón (San Salvador), vii.1959, J. Bechyné. ZSM: (1) three specimens, Cerro Verde, 1500 m, El Salvador, Z. Am., 7.ix.1958, leg. Steinh., B. Springlová det. 1982 Calligrapha fulvipes Gistl, Coll. Steinhausen [two with: Zool. Staatslg. München]; (2) six specimens, Umg. San Salvador, 1500 m, Zentr. Am., 17.viii.1958 [4x], 6.ix.1958 [2x], leg. Steinh., B. Springlová det. 1982 Calligrapha fulvipes Gistl, coll. Steinhausen , Zool. Staatslg. München.

GUATEMALA

EGRC: (1) one specimen, Guatemala, Guatemala City, Las Hamacas Trailer Park, 5–8.viii.1979, E.G. Riley leg., Calligrapha fulvipes St. J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) nineteen specimens, Guatemala, Antigua, 17.viii.1986, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen, Guatemala, sac. Antigua, 1.vi.1993, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen, Guatemala, Baja Verapaz, Reserva Natural Ranchitos del Quetzal, 1680–1750 m, 10–15.vi.2007, J.B. Heppner leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen, Guatemala, Guatemala, road to El Salvador, 15.ii.1995, X. Leiva leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen, Guatemala, Guatemala, km 9 road to El Salvador, 2.v.1999, J. Hurtado leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (6) one specimen, Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala city, 13.vii.1986, J. Peraz leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (7) one specimen, Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala zona 15, 21.iv.1996, J. Rodas leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (8) one specimen, Guatemala, Retalhuleu, Finca Cerritos, 7.vii.1994, en naranja, E. Valdez, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (9) one specimen, Guatemala, Sacatepéquez, Antigua Guatemala, 1300 m.s.n.m., 20.iv.2000, S. Figueroa leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (10) one specimen, Guatemala, Santa Rosa, Pueblo Nuevo Viñas, iv.1997, P. Jiménez leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. MCZ: (1) one specimen, Panajachel, 5000 ft., Champion, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (2) two specimens, Capetillo, Guatemala, G.C. Champion [one with: 1st Jacoby Coll.]; (3) two specimens, [El] Zapote, Guatemala, G.C. Champion [one with: 1st Jacoby Coll.]; (4) three specimens, San Sebastián, Reu., Guat., 14.vi.1931, D.M. Bates, 591; (5) one specimen, nr. La Mesilla, Guatemala, 22.vii.1963, C. Porter; (6) three specimens, Guatemala; (7) eleven specimens, Guatem.; (8) one specimen, Gua., Chrysomela serpentina Rog. MfN: (1) one specimen, Purul[h]a, Vera Paz, Champion, 96388; (2) one specimen, Cubilhuitz, Vera Paz, Champion, 96389; (3) two specimens, Guatem., Kirschl. [1x without data]; (4) one specimen, Guatem.; (5) one specimen, 29781, Guatimala. MTJM: (1) two specimens, Guatemala, Suchitepequez, ca. 10 km N Patulul, Finca Los Tarrales, N 14º32.24’ W 91º09.40’, 1050 m, R.S. Zack leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. NHM: (1) one specimen, S. Geronimo, Guatemala, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen, San Juan [coffee plantation], Vera Paz, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (3) three specimens, Capetillo, Guatemala, G.C. Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (4) one specimen, Cerro Zunil [Volcán Santo Tomás], 4000 ft., Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (5) one specimen, Purula, Vera Paz, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (6) one specimen, Zapote, Guatemala, C. Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (7) one specimen, Cubilguitz [Cubilhuitz], Vera Paz, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (8) two specimens, Guatemala, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha bajula Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. [one with: 634]; (9) one specimen, Guatemala, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha bajula Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (10) one specimen, Guat. NHMB: (1) one hundred and seven specimens, Panzós, Guatemala [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Bechyné det. 1951]; (2) eight specimens, La Conquista, Guatemala; (3) one specimen, Coatepeque, Guatemala, 1200 m; (4) four specimens, Guatemala, Escuintla, viii.1879. NMCZ: (1) four specimens, Guatemala, Coll. Boucard, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) one specimen, Guatemala, Barbarena, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) seven specimens, Guat., 25, L. Thiel, S. Sebastian Retalhuleu; (2) one specimen, Escuintla, Guat., 26.v.1923, E.G. Smyth; (3) eight specimens, Finca El Ciprés [Finca Parraxé], 3000 ft., June 1926, Suchitepequez Province, Guatemala, Pres. by J.R. Slevin collector; (4) one specimen, Escuintla, Guat., 8.viii, Fredk. Knab Collector; (5) one specimen, Los Patos Riv., 14 mi up, 18–23.vi.1926, Suchitepequez Prov., Guatemala, Pres. by J.R. Slevin Collector; (6) one specimen, Coban, Guat., Alta Vera Paz, May 14, 1926, J.M. Aldrich Collector; (7) eleven specimens, Guatem., Gift of F.C. Bowditch, Gift ex MCZ Dupl. Series, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2003; (8) nineteen specimens, Yepocapa, Guatemala, June 1948, H.T. Dalmat Collector [one with: Finca El Recuerdo, S.P. Yepocapa, Dept. Chimaltenango, Rep. Guatemala, 9 de Junio de 1948, operadores Rubén Rodríguez y Francisco Tortile]; (9) three specimens, Yepocapa, Guatemala, April 1948, H.T. Dalmat Collector; (10) fourteen specimens, Yepocapa, Guatemala, May 1948, H.T. Dalmat Collector; (11) one specimen, Yepocapa, Guatemala, August 1949, H.T. Dalmat Collector; (12) two specimens, Guatemala, Yepocapa, Chimaltenango, 22.iv.48, H. Dalmat; (13) one specimen, Guatemala, Yepocapa, Chimaltenango, 1.iv.48, JMR y JA; (14) three specimens, Escuintla, Guat., 8.viii, Fredk. Knab Collector; (15) one specimen, Guatemala, Santa Rosa, Cuilapa, 27.vi.1974, W.E. Steiner; (16) one specimen, Lake Atitlan, Guatmala, El. 6000 ft, C.N. Ainslie collector, 27.ii.1932; (17) one specimen, Guatemala, Escuintla, viii.1959, N.L.H. Krauss; (18) one specimen, Guatemala, 16.vii.1949, Chicacao, T.H. Farr; (19) one specimen, El Porvenir, S. Marcos, Guat., 3500 ft el., 1.iii.1934, L. Mandel, F.M. Guat. Exped. K.P. Schmidt, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (20) one specimen, Retalhuleu, Guat., 16.v.1945, E.J. Hambleton, Calligrapha sp. 1952; (21) one specimen, Guatemala, Tikal, 14.xi.1964, E.J. Hambleton, Calligrapha sp.; (22) one specimen, on Odontoglossum grande bulbs, Guat., 1.iii.194[...], San Francisco 18246; (23) one specimen, Finca Los Cerritos, Guat., 5.vii.1944, E.J. Hambleton, Calligrapha sp. or spp. WHA1951; (24) two specimens, Coban, Guatem., Alta Vera Paz, May 1926, J.M. Aldrich Coll.; (25) four specimens, Guatemala, L. Conrad, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (26) one specimen, Finca [El] Amparo, Yepocapa, Guate., [illegible], 28 mayo 1947, H.T. Dalmat; (27) one specimen, Guatemala, Cerro Chino, 2100 m, nr. Volcán Pacaya, bromeliads, D.B. Wake collr., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (28) one specimen, Tiguizate [Tiquisate], CA, Guatemala, C. Heinrich Coll., 5-12.v.1929, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (29) three specimens, Guatemala, Santa Rosa, Cuilapa, 27.vi.1974, W.E. Steiner [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]. NRM: (1) one specimen, Capetillo, Guatemala, Rodríguez; (2) one specimen, Capetillo, Guatemala, G. C. Champion, Calligrapha fulvipes . OUMNH: (1) one specimen, Cerro Zunil [Volcán Santo Tomás], 4–5000 ft., Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman Cat. No. 84. RBINS: (1) one specimen, Purula, Vera Paz, Champion; (2) two specimens, Guatemala, 1943, J. Rodríguez. TAMUIC: (1) two specimens [X0536825, X0545768], Guatemala, Río Bravo, 1–9.viii.1987, D.B. Thomas leg.; (2) one specimen [X0535615], Guatemala, Baja Verapaz, 5 km S San Jerónimo, 24–31.v.1989, James E. Wappes leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) three specimens, Guatemala, Suchitepequez, Patulul, 1.vii.1983 [1x], 16.viii.1983 [2x, one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011], A. Poll.

HONDURAS

EGRC: (1) one specimen, Honduras, El Paraíso, San Antonio de Flores, río Moramulca, 1.viii.1979, E.P. Case & D.B. Thomas leg.; (2) one specimen, Honduras, Olancho, 5 mi SE Catacamas, 13.vi.1974, C.W. & L. O’Brien & Marshall, Calligrapha fulvipes St. det. Daccordi 1981 ; (3) one specimen, Honduras, Tegucigalpa, 30–31.vii.1979, E.P. Case & D.B. Thomas, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen, Honduras, El Paraíso, 8.3 km SE Capire, 28.vii.2001, R. Turbow leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens, Honduras, El Paraíso, Monserrat [Cerro Moncerrato], 5750 ft, 25.v.1993, F.W. Skillman, Jr. leg.; (3) two specimens, Honduras, El Paraíso, Yuscarán, 21.vii.2001, R. Turbow leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen, Honduras, Francisco Morazón Zamorano, 4.x.1993, R. Turnbow leg.; (5) one specimen, Honduras, Francisco Morazón, Parque Nacional La Tigra, 1.vi.1993, R. Turnbow leg.; (6) two specimens, Honduras, El Loarque, 30.vii.1968, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (7) one specimen, Honduras, Yoro, Parque Nacional Pico Pijol, 14.v.2002, R. Turbow leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. NMNH: (1) two specimens, 11963, 30.xii.1977, Muchilena, Hond., J.V. Mankins Collector [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Det. 1977 J.V. Mankins ]; (2) one specimen, 18293, Biguat. Hond., 16.vi.1978, J.V. Mankins collector, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål, Det. vii.80, J.V. Mankins; (3) two specimens, Honduras, 1978, Gary V. Manley; (4) one specimen, Honduras, 1–15.vii.1978, Gary V. Manly; (5) two specimens, Honduras, Yoro, P.N. Pico Pijol, 13.v.2002, J. & M. Huether [one with: Calligrapha sp. Det. C.L. Staines 2004]; (6) one specimen, Honduras, Francisco Morazán, Cerro Apalagua, 12.v.2002, J. Huether. RBINS: (1) one specimen, Honduras, R. Sarstoon & B. Blancaneau. TAMUIC: (1) two specimens [X0538542, X0545299], Honduras, Francisco Morazán, El Sauce, 20.vii.1972, Robert R. & Maria E. Murray leg.; (2) three specimens [X0539727, X0544884, X0545807], Honduras, Valle, 1 mi W Jícaro Galán, at junction with Rio Nacaome, 20.vii.1972, Robert R. & Maria E. Murray leg. ZSM: (1) three specimens, Tegucigalpa, 1000 m, Honduras, Zentr. Am., 5.vi.1960 [1x], 10.vi.1960 [1x], 4.ix.1960 [1x], leg. Steinh., B. Springlová det. 1982 Calligrapha fulvipes Gistl, coll. Steinhausen , Zool. Staatslg. München.

MEXICO

EGRC: (1) one specimen, Mexico, Chiapas, Cinco Cerros, 8.vi.1989, D. Thomas, H. Howden & B. Ratcliffe leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens, Mexico, Chiapas, La Selva Negra, 3.viii.1991, Thomas & Mendoza leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) five specimens, Mexico, Chiapas-Oaxaca border on Hwy90, 28.vii.1988, D.B. & A.M. Thomas leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen, Mexico, Hidalgo, 33 mi NE Jacala, 3700 ft, 27.v.1974, C.W. & L. O’Brien & Marshall leg.; (5) one specimen, Mexico, Hidalgo, Hwy85 40 mi NW Jacala, 3000 ft, 24.vii.1982, C.W. & L. O’Brien & G. Wibmer leg.; (6) two specimens, Mexico, Hidalgo, Minera Outland [Autlán] (= Otongo), 3400 ft, 31.vii.1982 [1x], 1.viii.1982 [1x], C.W. & L. O’Brien & G. Wibmer leg.; (7) four specimens, Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, Hwy80, 18 mi E Ciudad del Maíz, 4100 ft, 23.vii.1982, C.W. & L. O’Brien & G. Wibmer leg.; (8) one specimen, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias, Bocatoma, 19–23.v.1979, E.G. Riley leg.; (9) nineteen specimens, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 1–3 mi W Gómez Farias, along road to Rancho de Cielo, 21.v.1979, E.G. Riley leg.

FSCA: (1) two specimens, Mexico, Chiapas, Hwy190,Amatenango del Valle, 1.viii.2001, W. Opitz leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) eighteen specimens, Mexico, Chiapas, Comitán, 31.vii.2001, W. Opitz leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen, Mexico, Chiapas, Villa Morelos, Estación de microondas, 26.vi.1990, M.C. Thomas leg.; (4) one specimen, Mexico, Chiapas, Hwy190 at 8 mi E Rizo de Oro, 22.vi.1985, Askevold & Heffern leg.; (5) two specimens, Mexico, Nuevo León, 28 km W Linares, Santa Rosa Canyon, 17.vii.1988, R. Turnbow leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål Det. E.G. Riley ‘90; (6) two specimens, Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, El Salto Falls, 29.vi.1968, H.V. Weems, Jr. leg.; (7) four specimens, Mexico, Tabasco, 3.3 mi N Teapa, 3.vii.1965, N. Chernoff leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (8) one specimen, Mexico, Tamaulipas, 5 mi W Gómez Farias, 15–16.vi.1962, J.M. Campbell leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. GómezZurita det. 2011; (9) two specimens, Mexico, Veracruz, Lake Catemaco, 7.vii.1965, sweeping roadside vegetation, G.H. Nelson leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (10) one specimen, Mexico, Veracruz, Fortín de las Flores, 10.vii.1973, Howard V. Weems, Jr. leg.; (11) one specimen, Mexico, Veracruz, 4.5 km N Huatusco on Rte. 125, 1310 m, 20.xii.1978, coffee finca, in bromeliads, G.E. & K.E. Ball leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (12) one specimen, Mexico, Veracruz, Rte. 140 SE Jalapa, 1080 m, 18.xii.1978, tropical evergreen trees, in bromeliads, G.E. & K.E. Ball leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (13) six specimens, Mexico, Veracruz, 15 km S San Andrés Tuxtla, vic. of El Salto de Eyiplantla, 15–28.vi.1985, Askevold & Heffern leg., [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål det. M. Daccordi 1986 ]; (14) one specimen, Mexico, Veracruz, road Catemaco-Estación Biológica Tuxtlas, 15–17.vi.1985, Askevold & Heffern leg.; (15) one specimen, Mexico, Veracruz, 1.5 mi NE Tatahuicapan, 25.vi.1985, Askevold & Heffern leg. HNHM: (1) one specimen, Mexico, coll. Geitner, Calligrapha marmorata Chevr. , Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2017; (2) one specimen, Mexico, coll. Geitner, C. signatipennis St. , Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2017; (3) one specimen, Mexico, coll. Geitner, C. fulvipes det. Daccordi 1979, Calligrapha fulvipes det. Daccordi ‘79; (4) one specimen, Mexico, coll. Geitner, pilicollis Wb., C. fulvipes det. Daccordi 1979; (5) one specimen, Mexico, Calligrapha marmorata , Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2017; (6) one specimen, Mexico, coll. E. Frivaldszky, Calligrapha signatipennis St. , Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2017; (7) one specimen, Mexico, Jalapa, C. fulvipes det. Daccordi 1979; (8) one specimen, Mex., Orizaba, Dr. A. Fenyes, C. fulvipes det. Daccordi 1979, Calligrapha fulvipes det. Daccordi ‘79. JGZC: (1) one specimen, Mexico, Puebla, 27.vi.2000, Sung Jun Kim leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2004; (2) one specimen, Mexico, San Luís de Potosí, Xilitla, Las Pozas, 21º23’50.9’’N 98º59’38.2’’W, 31.iii.2012, Alberto Agustín García Cano. MCZ: (1) one specimen, Guadalajara, Mexico, Dr. Buller; (2) four specimens, Orizaba, Mex., Mann; (3) one specimen, Orizaba, Mexico, Mann & Skewes; (4) two specimens, Orizab., Mex., R., 3.xii.1899, VI–VIII, F.A. Eddy Collection; (5) two specimens, Orizab., Mex., R., VI–IX, 3.xii.1899, F.A. Eddy Collection; (6) one specimen, Ori., R., Mex., 7.viii.1900, F.A. Eddy Collection; (7) two specimens, Orizaba, Mexico; (8) one specimen, Hacienda Sta. Engracia, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 22.vii.1939, Ralph Haag, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (9) one specimen, Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, Jacoby 2nd Coll.; (10) one specimen, Cordova, Mexico, Sallé Coll., 1st Jacoby Coll.; (11) one specimen, Te[h]uantepec, Mexico; (12) one specimen, Paso de Telaya, Jicaltepec, V. Cruz, Mex., 8.iv.1896; (13) one specimen, Atoyac, Vera Cruz, May, H.H.S., Jacoby 2nd Coll., det. Bow; (14) two specimens, Tapachula, Chiapas, Höge, Jacoby 2nd Coll., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (15) one specimen, fulvipes, Mexique; (16) two specimens, Mexico, Reitter, 212 / 213; (17) eleven specimens, Mexico; (18) one specimen, Mex.; (19) two specimens, Mex., R., vi. 99, 13.ii.1900, F.A. Eddy Collection. MfN: (1) eight specimens, Distrikt Socomusco [Soconusco], Hotzen S.V.; (2) two specimens, Jalapa, Mexico [one with: fulvipes Stål ]; (3) one specimen, Mexico, Jalapa; (4) one specimen, Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege; (5) three specimens, Joloapam, 6 [2x of the series without data]; (6) one specimen, Mexico, Necaxa, Puebla; (7) one specimen, Tapaschula, Mexico; (8) one specimen, 1206, Tapaschula, Mexico, Zool. Mus. Berlin, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål det. M. Daccordi 1993 ; (9) two specimens, Mexico, Tapachula, 1140 m, n. Türkheim S., Zool. Mus. Berlin; (10) two specimens, Juquila, 15 [1x without data]; (11) one specimen, Mexico, Höge; (12) two specimens, Mexico, Stark (one with 29801, one with 29802); (13) one specimen, Mexico, fulvipes Stål, Mex. ; (14) five specimens, 29780, fulvipes Stål , marmorata Chevr. Dej. , intermedia N.A., Mexico, Deppe; (15) three specimens, Mexico, Höge; (16) one specimen, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål , Mexico, signatipennis sponsa Dej. St. NHM : (1) one specimen [SYNTYPE of Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ], Mexico, Stål, Cotype, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål, Andrewes Bequest B.M. 1922 -221; (2) two specimens, Chiapas, Mexico, Escuintla, vi.1925, 70, F.R. Mason Coll., Pres. by Imp. Bur. Ent. Brit. Mus. 1926-83; (3) one specimen, Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (4) one specimen, Tapachula, Chiapas, Höge, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (5) one specimen, Cerro de Plumas, Mexico, Hoege, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (6) one specimen, Orizaba, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (7) one specimen, Cordova, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål apud Sallé, GodmanSalvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (8) one specimen: [San Andrés] Tuxtla, Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (9) one specimen, Oaxaca, Mexico, Hoege, GodmanSalvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (10) one specimen, Ex Coll. J. Sturm, Calligr. histrionica St., Mexico, Sallé Coll., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål apud Sallé, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (11) one specimen, Calligrapha signatipennis St. Mexico, Sharp Coll 1905-313; (12) two specimens, Truqui, Mexico, Fry Coll. 1905.100 [one with: 23855]; (13) one specimen, Méxique; (14) one specimen, Mex.; (15) one specimen, Mexico 2055, 166, 67-56; (16) one specimen, E. Coll. Laferté, Calligrapha marmorata Chevt , Mexico, 67-56; (17) one specimen, Mex, 56/143; (18) one specimen, Mexico, 2055, 136, 57-56; (19) one specimen, Mexico, 44/13. NHMB: (1) one specimen, Jalapa, Mex., Dr. A. Fenyes, Erwerb 1955, Coll. Brancsik; (2) two specimens, Mexico; (3) one specimen, Mexico, 600 m., Umg. Monterrey, 27.xii.1966, G. Frey, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (4) two specimens, Mexiko, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NMCZ: (1) one specimen, fulvipes, Orizaba, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense ; (2) one specimen, Mus. Pragense Coll. Brýdl, Orizaba, vi.1900 Mexico; (3) two specimens, Mus. Pragense Coll. Brýdl, Orizaba V.C., vii.1899 Mexico; (4) one specimen, fulvipes Stål , Mexico, Coll.Achard Mus. Pragense; (5) one specimen, Mexique, fulvipes, Coll.Achard Mus. Pragense ; (6) three specimens, Mexique, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (7) four specimens, Mexico, Mus. Pragense Col. Kambersky, marmorata [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes ]; (8) one specimen, Mexico, Coll. Nickerl Mus. Pragense, marmorata. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Chiapas, Mex., Gift of F.C. Bowditch, gift ex MCZ dupl. series; (2) one specimen, Mexico, Chiapas, R. Sta. Rosa, P. Hubbell, vi.1973; (3) one specimen, Chiapas, Mex., L. Hotzen ‘19, Pacific slope Cordilleras, 800– 1000 m; (4) one specimen, Mexico, Chihuahua, 51 km S Creel, 27º22.542N 107º30.086W, 11 July 2006, 1630 m, leg. David G. Furth; (5) one specimen, Dique, Mexico, A.L. Herrera, [illegible] 1923, 43; (34) three specimens, Mexico D.F., J.R. Inda collector; (6) one specimen, Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (7) three specimens, Jalapa, Mex., Smith, Wickham Collection 1933; (8) two specimens, Jalapa, Mex., 1.vi, Smith, Wickham Collection 1933; (9) one specimen, Oaxaca, Mexico, Hoege, Gift of F.C. Bowditch, gift ex MCZ dupl. series; (10) four specimens, Rin Antonio, Oax., Mex., Fredk. Knab collector; (11) two specimens, Tamazunchale, 19.vi.1941, San Luis Potosí, Mex., Col. by C.H. Seevers, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (12) one specimen, Mex., Tamaulipas, G. Farias, 1000’, 8.v.94, J.E. Wappes; (13) one specimen, Mexico, Tamps., vic. Gom. Farias, 1000’, 8 May 1994, J.E. Wappes; (14) one specimen, Mexico, Rancho del Cielo, 8 mi NW Gómez Farias, Tamaulipas, vi.1964, Coll. Reddell et al., Lot #67.2955, Colaspis sp. Det. R.E. White; (15) one specimen, Cordoba, Mex., Ver., Dr. A. Fenyes, A. Fenyes Collection; (16) one specimen, V. Cruz, Mex., Barnett,A. Fenyes Collection, fulvipes Stål ; (17) one specimen, Orizaba, Mex., June, A. Fenyes Collection, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål, F. Monrós det. 1953; (18) one specimen, Cordoba Mex., 15.vi, Fredk. Knab Collector; (19) one specimen, Ver., Mex., Chocamán, 18.iv.81, Carlos J. Sang; (20) two specimens, Mexico, Veracruz, Cordoba, vi.1952, Coll. G. Halffter, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (21) one specimen, Mexico, Veracruz, Presidio, vii.1952, Halffter coll., F. Monrós Collection 1959; (22) three specimens, Mexico, Veracruz, San Martín, camino entre San Simón y el Volcán, 900 m, 3.v.1951, Halffter, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (23) two specimens, Mexico, Veracruz, 6.2 mi NW Jalapa, 5600’, Rte. 140, 8.iv.1966, in bromeliads, George E. Ball & D.R. Whitehead collectors; (24) one specimen, Mexico, Veracruz, 16 km N Fortín [de las Flores], 20.iv.1978, T.J. Henry, R.T. Schuh & J.C. Schaffner; (25) one specimen, Mexico, Ver., Catemaco, 7–9.viii.1964, Paul J. Spangler; (26) one specimen, Cordoba, VC, Mex., N.L.H. Krauss, vi.1955; (27) one specimen, 8 mi S San Andrés, Tuxtla, Mex., 5.viii.1966; (28) two specimens, Mexico, Ver., Cordoba, 28.vii.1964, A.B. Lau; (29) one specimen, Mexico, V.C., Presidio, 22.x.1963, A.B. Lau; (30) one specimen, Dos Amates, Veracruz, Mexico, P. Hubbell, v.1973; (31) one specimen, Mexico, Vera Cruz, Volcán San Martín, 28.iv.1973, 1000 m, Ginter Ekis; (32) fifteen specimens, Veracruz, Catemaco, Mexico, P. Hubbell, vii.1973; (33) eight specimens, Fortín de las Flores, Veracruz, Mexico, 26-30.vi.1963, D.R. Whitehead; (34) one specimen, Mexico, Veracruz, 10.4 mi SW Huatusco, 4700’, 8.iii.1966, in bromeliads, George E. Ball & D.R. Whitehead collectors; (35) two specimens, Cordoba, Veracruz, Mex., 16.vii.1936 [1x], 17.vii.1936 [1x], Col. by C.H. Seevers, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (36) one specimen, Mexique, Gift F.C. Bowditch; (37) one specimen, Mex., Coll. M.L. Linell, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (38) six specimens, Mex., Casey bequest 1925. NRM: (1) one specimen [SYNTYPE of Calligrapha fulvipes Stål, 1859 ], Mexico, Sallé, Type, Typus [red label]; (2) three specimens [perhaps Syntypes?], Mexico, Sallé; (3) one specimen, Mexico, Tarnier; (4) one specimen, Mexico, 49, fulvipes Stål. OSAC : (1) one specimen, Mexico, Tamaulipas, Ocampo, 19–25.viii.1941, K.L. Retherford leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. OUMNH: (1) two specimens, Mex., Named 1897 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (2) one specimen, Mex., Named 1898 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (3) one specimen, Jalapa, 15.207, Mexico, Miers Coll. Presented 1880 by J.W. Miers, Named 1897 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (4) one specimen, 15.207, Jalapa, Miers Coll., Named 1897 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (5) one specimen, Mex., Named 1899 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål , buxtoni Hope, Mex.; (6) two specimens, Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, B.C.A. duplicates Pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman, Cat. No. 84 [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]. RAM: (1) one specimen, Mexico, Nayarit, vic. Compostela, 17.vii.1933, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2009. RBINS: (1) one specimen, Oaxaca, Hoege; (2) six specimens, Mexico, [one with: 1954], Coll. Thirot; (3) one specimen, Mexico, Ghiesbrecht; (4) two specimens, Mexico, Coll. Chapuis. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen [X0547770], Mexico, Chiapas, 25 mi SW Cintalapa, 11.vii.1971, W. Clark, R.R. Murray, Hart & J.C. Schaffner leg.; (2) ten specimens [X0539131, X0540302, X0543204, X0544697, X0544722, X0546087, X0548984, X0549425, X0549584, X0551482], Mexico, Chiapas, Cuxtepeques area, 15.vi.1987, D.B. Thomas & A. Mendoza leg.; (3) one specimen [X0533688], Mexico, Chiapas, 8.5 mi N Ixhuatán, 2.viii.1990, Joseph C. Schaffner leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (4) one specimen [X0534250], Mexico, Chiapas, 8.5 km N Mapastepec, 7.vii.1991, Robert W. Jones leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen [X0547112], Mexico, Chiapas, 16 km N Ocosingo, 24.vi.1987, William F. Chamberlain leg.; (6) one specimen [X0549371], Mexico, Chiapas, 3 mi W Rizo de Oro [Nueva Tenochtitlan], 18.vii.1973, Mastro & J.C. Schaffner leg.; (7) one specimen [X0534140], Mexico, Chiapas, 5 mi N Nueva Tenochtitlán, 29.vii.1990, Robert W. Jones leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (8) one specimen [X0537593], Mexico, Chiapas, Totolapa, 17.vii.1988, D.B. & A. Thomas leg.; (9) one specimen [X0537486], Mexico, Durango, El Salto, 5.vi.1965, Burke, Meyer & J.C. Schaffner leg.; (10) one specimen [X0544605], Mexico, Guerrero, 2.1 mi NW Cacahuamilpa, 11.viii.1978, Plitt & Schaffner leg.; (11) one specimen [X0549975], Mexico, Nuevo León, 9 mi S Monterrey, 11.viii.1972, E.E. Grissell leg.; (12) three specimens [X0537552, X0544380, X0551024], Mexico, Oaxaca, 2 mi N Candelaria Loxicha, 17– 18.vii.1974, Wayne Clark, R.R. Murray, James S. Ashe & Joseph C. Schaffner leg.; (13) two specimens [X0541182, X0548007], Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 13.4 mi W El Naranjo, 12.vii.1973, Gaumer & Clark leg.; (14) one specimen [X0544907], Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 13 mi W El Naranjo, Burke, Meyer & Schaffner leg.; (15) two specimens [X0544881, X0552240], Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, 64 km W Ciudad Valles, Puerto Verde, 15.vii.1982, R. Turnbow leg.; (16) one specimen [X0549939], Mexico, San Luis de Potosí, El Salto Falls, 14.ix.1968, Veryl V. Board leg.; (17) one specimen [X0535841], Mexico, Tamaulipas, ca. Gómez Farias, vic. Rancho del Cielo, 4.vi.1999, Daniel W. Sundberg leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (18) one specimen [X0537989], Mexico, Veracruz, Córdoba, 4.ix.1974, G. Bohart & W. Hanson leg.; (19) one specimen [X0547984], Mexico, Veracruz, Córdoba, 21.ix.1984, Charles W. Agnew leg.; (20) one specimen [X0532877], Mexico, Veracruz, 4 mi E Guadalupe, 31.viii.1962, William F. Chamberlain leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (21) one specimen [X0539922], Mexico, Veracruz, Los Tuxtlas range, Volcán San Martín, 4.vii.1962, J.E. Loyd leg.; (22) one specimen [X0548186], Mexico, Veracruz, Los Tuxtlas range, Laguna Encantada, 18.viii.[no year], D.C. Robinson leg.; (23) one specimen [X0544704], Mexico, Veracruz, 5 mi E Catemaco, 2-4.vii.1971, W. Clark, R.R. Murray, E.R. Hart & J.C. Schaffner leg.; (24) one specimen [X0542238], Mexico, Veracruz, 8 mi NE Catemaco, 3.vii.1971, W. Clark, R.R. Murray, E.R. Hart & J.C. Schaffner leg.; (25) one specimen [X0547159], Mexico, Veracruz, 8 mi SE Jalapa, 19.vii.1981, P. Jump leg.; (26) one specimen [X0547426], Mexico, Veracruz, Veracruz, 22.vii.1966, D. Harris leg.; (27) one specimen [X0550830], Mexico, Veracruz, 4 mi NW Sontecomapan, 9.vi.1965, H.R. Burke, J.R. Meyer & J.C. Schaffner leg.; (28) one specimen [X0552208], Mexico, Veracruz, 2 mi SE Coyame, 5.vii.1966, Jack Meyer leg. ZSM: (1) one specimen, Mexiko, Coll.Kraatz, Clavareau det., Polyspila(Calligrapha) fulvipes Stål Machatschke det. 1951, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke; (2) one specimen, Jalapa, Mexico, Hoege, fulvipes Stål, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke ; (3) one specimen, Jalapa, Mexico, fulvipes Stål, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke ; (4) one specimen, Tapachula, Mexico, Staatssammlung München 1975 Erwerb Coll. Machatschke; (5) six specimens, Vulkan Colima, coll. Joh. Laue 1918; (6) two specimens, Verakruz.

NICARAGUA

JGZC: (1) one specimen, Nicaragua, Estelí, P.T.P. Miraflor-Moropotente, Finca Las Flores, 13.192742ºN 86.331123ºW, 870 m, iv.2010, J.M. Maes leg.; (2) one specimen, Nicaragua, Estelí, P.T.P. Miraflor-Moropotente, Los Cerritos, 1.vii.2010, J.M. Maes leg.; (3) one specimen, Nicaragua, Estelí, Reserva Natural Miraflor, 13º09’04’’N 86º19’35’’W, 978 m, 9.ix.2011, J.M. Maes leg.; (4) one specimen, Nicaragua, Estelí, P.T.P. Miraflor-Moropotente, Empalme, viii.2010, J.M. Maes leg. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Nicaragua, Calligrapha nupta Stål, Gift Ex MCZ Dupl. Series; (2) seven specimens, Managua Cy, Nicaragua, A.D. Harvey coll. 1923; (3) six specimens, Nicaragua, A.D. Harvey, 1923 [two with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål F. Monrós det. 1953]; (4) one specimen, Nicaragua, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål Det. C.L. Staines 1991 ; (5) one specimen, Nicaragua, Matagalpa, 10 km NW Matagalpa, Selva Negra, 10–18.iv.2005, 1280 m, 12º59’N 85º54’W, W. Opitz, beating forest edge vegetation; (6) one specimen, C49, Managua, Nicaragua, B.A. René; (7) one specimen, Nicaragua, A.D. Harvey coll. 1923. NRM: (1) one specimen, Nicaragua, Calligrapha rufipes Mots., Am. cent. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen [X0541862], Nicaragua, Matagalpa, 6 km N Tuma, 19.vii.1969, Richard K. LaVal leg.

PANAMA

EGRC: (1) one specimen, Panamá, Panamá, Cerro Campana, 8º40’N 79º56’W, 850 m, 26.vi.1971, W.E. Bivin

leg.; (2) one specimen, Panamá, Panamá, Cerro Campana, 11–15.v.1980, E.G. Riley & D. LeDoux leg.; (3) ninetyfour specimens, Panamá, Panamá, Canal Zone, Lapita Signal Station road, 7.vi.1976, E.G. Riley leg.; (4) four specimens, Panamá, Panamá, Canal Zone, Lapita Signal Station road, 16.v.1980, E.G. Riley & D. LeDoux leg.; (5) one specimen, Panamá, Panamá, Canal Zone, Contractor’s Hill, 22.v.1980, E.G. Riley leg.; (6) two specimens, Panamá, Panamá, Canal Zone, Gamboa, 18.vi.1976, E.G. Riley leg.; (7) one specimen, Panamá, Panamá, Canal Zone, Madden Dam [=Lago Alajuela], 2.v.1979, D. Engleman leg.; (8) one specimen, Panamá, Panamá, Canal Zone, Pipeline road, 23.vi.1984, D. Engleman leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. FSCA: (1) one specimen, Panamá, Cocle, El Valle, 800 m, 19.v.1991, R. Turnbow leg., Calligrapha fulvipes St. Det. E.G. Riley ‘93; (2) one specimen, Panamá, Panamá, 80 km E Chepo, 9–20.v.1981, J.E. Wappes leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål Det. E.G. Riley ‘82; (3) one specimen, Panamá, Panamá, Cerro Campana, 2800 ft, 13–14.v.1996, Wappes, Huether & Morris leg. HNHM: (1) three specimens, Amer. centr. [1x], Amer. bor. [2x], Chiriquí, coll. Geitner, Calligrapha marmorata Dej. , Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2017. NHM: (1) one specimen, V. de Chiriqui [Volcán Barú], 4000–6000 ft., Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen, Bugaba, 800–1500 ft., Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer. NHMB: (1) one specimen, Chiriquí, Erwerb 1955, Coll. Brancsik, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) three specimens, Chiriquí, Panamá. NMCZ: (1) seven specimens, Panama, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) one specimen, Panama, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (3) two specimens, Panama, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen, frm. Bro., G. Regis, Panama, Pan.; (2) one specimen, Bohio, C.Z., Pan., A. Busck Coll.; (3) one specimen, Panama, C.Z., Madden Res., 11.v.1972, R. & E. Froeschner; (4) one specimen, Ancon, Canal Zone, Panama, Collection F. Knab. NRM: (1) two specimens, V. de Chiriqui, 25–4000 ft., Champion. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen [X0545920], Panama, Chiriquí, 5 km SW Volcán, Lagunas del Volcán, 30.vii–4.viii.1999, Gillogly & Woolley leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) one specimen [X0535199], Panama, Panamá, km 8–13 of El LlanoCarti road, 21–24.v.1996, J.E. Wappes, J. Huether & R. Morris leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (3) one specimen, Panama, Panamá, Canal Zone, 3.5 km WNW Paraíso, 9º020N 79º40’W, 8.ix.1974, H.A. Hespenheide leg., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. ZSM: (1) one specimen, Chiriqui, Calligrapha marmorata Dej.

PERU

NMCZ: (1) one specimen, Cuzco, Peru, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense, Calligrapha marmorata F.

USA

NMNH: (1) four specimens, Texas, Casey bequest 1925; (2) one specimen, Ind., Casey bequest 1925.

VENEZUELA

MCZ: (1) twenty-two specimens, Venezuela.

UNKNOWN

MCZ: (1) one specimen, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (2) one specimen, marmorata/fulvipes; (3) one specimen, F.A. Eddy Collection. MfN: (1) nine specimens, [no data]; (2) one specimen, [illegible], Zool. Mus. Berlin; (3) one specimen, Calligrapha nupta Stål , det. Daccordi ‘80. MTJM: (1) one specimen, Juan Mine Plantation, 13.vii.1918, CZ.G88, swept from grass cowpea, H.F. Dietz & J. Zelek leg. NHM: (1) two specimens, E. Coll. Thomson, 67-56; (2) two specimens, 67-56; (3) one specimen, 165, 67-56; (4) one specimen, E. Coll. Thomson; (5) three specimens, E. Coll. Laferté, 67-56; (6) one specimen, fulvipes Stål ; (7) two specimens,Amer. Bor., Fry Coll. 1905.100; (8) one specimen, 304, named by Stål; (9) one specimen, [illegible]; (10) one specimen, [no data]. NMCZ: (1) one specimen, fulvipes Stål, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense ; (2) eleven specimens, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (3) one specimen, 127, Calligrapha signatipennis ; (4) one specimen, Mus. Pragense Coll. Brýdl; (5) one specimen, 39, nupta, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense ; (5) one specimen [supposed syntype of C. sponsa , but identical to C. fulvipes ], ex coll. Chevrolat, Type, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Gift of F.C. Bowditch, Gift Ex MCZ Dupl. Series; (2) four specimens, Gift ex MCZ, Dupl. Series; (3) two specimens, Philadelphia Banana R., C.R., Fredk. Knab Collector; (4) fourteen specimens, Field Mus. (F. Psota Coll.), F. Monrós Collection 1959; (5) two specimens, Guia Gr. Canary, Jan 1997, D.F. Cook; (6) one specimen, 410-53. OUMNH: (1) one specimen, nupta Stål , Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (2) two specimens, 54/25, From the Brit. Mus. duplicates Pres. 1899 [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (3) one specimen, 4855, From the Brit. Mus. duplicates Pres. 1899; (4) one specimen, Named 1899 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål , picicollis Klug , fulvipes Chev. ; (5) one specimen, 36, Named 1897 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (6) one specimen, Named 1898 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes St. ; (7) one specimen, 125, Named 1899 by M. Jacoby, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål , [illegible]. RBINS: (1) seventeen specimens, Central America, Weyers; (2) one specimen, Coll. Thirot; (3) three specimens, Coll. Duvivier; (4) two specimens, Coll. Chapuis; (5) three specimens, Restité, 1885. TAMUIC: (1) three specimens [X0537381, X0546148, X0551057], [no data]. ZSM: (1) one specimen, [no data].

Specimens similar to the type of C. bajula Stål (5).

COSTA RICA

NMNH: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde area, 6 June–14 June 1973, 1400–1700 m, Erwin & Hevel Central American Expedition 1973.

EL SALVADOR

RBINS: (1) one specimen, El Boquerón (San Salvador), vii.1959, J. Bechyné.

GUATEMALA

NMNH: (1) one specimen, Guatem., Gift F.C. Bowditch, Gift Ex MCZ, Dupl. Series.

MEXICO

EGRC: (1) one specimen, Mexico, Chiapas, La Selva Negra, 3.viii.1991, J. Burne & D. Thomas leg., Calligrapha bajula Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.

PANAMA

NMNH: (1) one specimen, Panama, Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí Grande, 16.i.2000, coll: T.K. Wood, R.B. Cocroft, M.S. Cast, C.P. Lin & M.J. Rothschild, Calligrapha nr. bajula Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.

Specimens similar to the type of C. nupta Stål (88).

BELIZE

NHM: (1) one specimen, R. Sarston [Sarstoon River], B. Honduras, Blancaneaux, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.

BRAZIL

NMCZ: (1) one specimen, Porto Nacional, Goyaz [Goiás] Dept., Mus. Pragense Achard.

COLOMBIA

MCZ: (1) one specimen, F.C. Bowditch Coll., N.G., Calligrapha nupta Stål ; (2) one specimen, F.C. Bowditch Coll., N.G.; (3) one specimen, Calligrapha nupta Stål, N. Granada. MfN: (1) one specimens [paralectotype], 29778, nupta Dej. , Bogotá, Dej. NHM: (1) one specimen, nupta Dej. Cat. , Colombia, Baly Coll.; (2) one specimen, Calligrapha , Nova Granada, Colombia; (3) one specimen [possible paralectotype], nupta Stål , Bogota, 67-56. NHMB: (1) one specimen, Colombia, Erwerb 1955, Coll. Brancsik. NMCZ: (1) one specimen, Colombia, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Gift Ex MCZ, Dupl. Series, sponsa Stål, Nouv. Grenade. NRM: (1) one specimen, N. Granada, Dejean, Boheman; (2) one specimen, N. Granada, Dejean, Schh.; (3) one specimen, Columbia, nupta Stål , Metallographa nupta Dej. Columbia. RBINS : (1) seven specimens, Colombia, Le Bas.

COSTA RICA

FSCA: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, 11CA/CATIE, 15–18.iv.1988, E. Giesbert leg.; (2) one specimen, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, ca. 2 mi NE Tilarán, 2300 ft, 12.vii.1957, D.R. Paulson leg.; (3) one specimen, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Finca Taboga Res. Farm., 8.vii.1966, G.R. Buckingham leg.; (4) two specimens, Costa Rica, San José, San Ramón, 12.viii.1977, Thomas P. Cogley leg. MCZ: (1) one specimen, Volc. de Miravalles, Costa R. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 20.ix.35, an Gebüsch.

ECUADOR

NHM: (1) one specimen, Equador, Paramba, 3500’, iii.97, dry season, Rosenberg, Fry Coll. 1905.100. NHMB: (1) one specimen, Quito, Ecuador, Calligrapha nupta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) two specimens, Ecuador, Siemiradski, 1882-1883; (3) one specimen, Balzapamba, Ecuador occ.

EL SALVADOR

RBINS: (1) one specimen, El Boqueron, vii.1959, J. Bechyné.

GUATEMALA

MCZ: (1) three specimens, Gua. UASM: (1) one specimen, UASM #193991, Guatemala, Baja Verapaz, 7 km NE Purulhá, trop. mont. for 1660 m, 19.v.1991, G.E. & K.E. Ball & D. Shpeley, H.F. Howden Guatemala Exped. 1991, beating veg., 91-08.

HONDURAS

FSCA: (1) two specimens, Honduras, El Paraíso, Yuscarán, Río Aguacate, 12.v.1993, L. Stange & R. Miller leg.

MEXICO

MCZ: (1) one specimen, Mex., Calligrapha nupta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) one specimen, Mex.; (3) one specimen, Calligrapha fulvipes Klug , Mexique; (4) one specimen, Mex. NHM: (1) two specimens, Atoyac, Vera Cruz, May, H.H.S., Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen, named by Stål, Calligrapha nupta Stål , Mexico, nupta Stål. NMCZ : (1) one specimen, Mex. Guerr., ex. coll. Chevrolat, nupta Stål J. Achard det., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) two specimens, Mexico, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha sponsa Stål, F. Monrós det. 1954. ZSM: (1) one specimen, Mexico, fulvipes St. , Calligrapha fulvipes Stål det. Dr. J. Bechyné 1949.

PANAMA

MCZ: (1) one specimen, Bugaba, Panamá, Champion, Calligrapha nupta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) one specimen, Bugaba, 800–1,500 ft., Champion, Jacoby 2nd Coll. NHMB: (1) one specimen, Chiriquí, Panama, Calligrapha nupta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NMCZ: (1) one specimen, Chiriqui, Coll.Achard Mus. Pragense; (2) one specimen, Panama, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense; (3) one specimen, Panama, Calligrapha fulvipes J. Achard det. in BCA, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Panama, G. Regis, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål F. Monrós det. 1954. OUMNH: (1) four specimens, V. de Chiriquí [Volcán Barú], 25–4000 ft., Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman, Cat. No. 84 [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål , Calligrapha nupta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (2) one specimen, V. de Chiriquí, 3–4000 ft., Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman, Cat. No. 84; (3) one specimen, V. de Chiriquí, 4000–6000 ft., Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman, Cat. No. 84; (4) one specimen, Bugaba, 800-1500 ft., Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman, Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha nupta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011; (5) one specimen, Bugaba, Panama, Champion, B.C.A. duplicates pres. 1909 by F.D. Godman, Cat. No. 84, Calligrapha nupta Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011.

UNKNOWN

MCZ: (1) one specimen, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (2) one specimen, [no data]; (3) one specimen, 626, Calligrapha nupta Dej., St. Fe. MfN: (1) one specimen, nupta Stål ; (2) four specimens, [no data]. NHM: (1) one specimen, [...]illo; (2) one specimen: Baly Coll.; (3) one specimen, 626, 67-56; (4) one specimen, nupta, 194, nupta, 67-56. NHMB: (1) one specimen, nupta Col. St. ; (2) one specimen, nupta Col. ; (3) two specimens, [no data]. NMCZ: (1) one specimen, 626, nupta Dj. Col., Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense ; (2) three specimens, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense [one with: nupta St. ]. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Gift of F.C. Bowditch, Gift Ex MCZ, Dupl. Series. OUMNH: (1) one specimen, Calligrapha sponsa , 192; (2) one specimen, [no data]. RBINS: (1) one specimen, Centr. Am., Weyers; (2) one specimen, 1885, Restité.

Specimens similar to the type of C. sponsa Stål (195).

COLOMBIA

FSCA: (1) one specimen, Columbia, A. Luetgens leg. MCZ: (1) one specimen, Quindio pass [Alto de la Línea], Columbia, Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NHM: (1) two specimens, Colombia, Antioquia, Heliconia, Humareda, 23.iv.97, Pres. by CABI BIOSCIENCE BMNH(E) 1998-162 [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes (Stål) det. M.L. Cox 1998 ]; (2) two specimens, Colombia, Antioquia, Heliconia, Humareda 1, 15.i.1997, Col. Y. Vargas, Sp. Nº 42006, Pres. by CABI BIOSCIENCE BMNH(E) 1998-162; (3) one specimen, Honda, Colombia, C.E. Tottenham BM1969-77; (4) one specimen, Bogota, sponsa Dej. , nupta Chevrol. , Colombia; (5) one specimen, 67-56, sponsa, Chrys. sponsa Stål , Bogota; (6) one specimen, C. sponsa , Colombia. NHMB: (1) one specimen, Columbien, Polyspila nupta St. , Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. NMNH: (1) seven specimens, Amaya, Cispata Bay, Colombia, S.A. Bruce Martin Coll., F. Monrós Collection 1959. NRM: (1) one specimen [paralectotype], N. Granada, Dejean, Schh., Type, Typus [red label]. ZSM: (1) two specimens, Umg. Cali, 1000 m, Valle de Cauca, 4.vii.1955, leg. Steinh., Kolumbia, Südamerika, 254, B. Springlová det. 1982 Calligrapha nupta Stål , coll. Steinhausen, Zool. Staatslg. München, [one with: Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011]; (2) one specimen, Umg. Palmira, 1000 m, Valle de Cauca, 30.iii.1958, leg. Steinh., Kolumbia, Südamerika, Sida, B. Springlová det. 1982, Calligrapha nupta Stål , coll. Steinhausen, Zool. Staatslg. München.

COSTA RICA

MCZ: (1) four specimens, Sand José, Costa Rica, Underwood [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ]; (2) one specimen, Bebedero, Costa Rica, Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (3) one specimen, Costa Rica, Jacoby 2nd Coll., Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. MfN: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, San José, C. Werckle S.G. NHM: (1) one specimen, Costa Rica, Pittier, 97-55, 620, Rio Conta [Conte], Golfo Dulce, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (2) two specimens, Pozo Azul, Costa Rica, C.E. Tottenham, BM1969-77; (3) two specimens, Costa Rica, 93-69, 325; (4) one specimen, Costa Rica, Pittier, 97-55; (5) one specimen, Costa Rica. NHMB: (1) four specimens, [Puerto] Jiménez, Halbins. Osa, Costa Rica, E. Reimoser [one with: Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Bechyné det. 1951]. NMNH: (1) one specimen 3, Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 22.vii.28, Gebüsch; (2) one specimen, Turrialba, Costa Rica, 12.vi.1951, O.L. Cartwright; (3) one specimen, Turrialba, Costa Rica, 24.ii.1978, found on beans, A.B.S. King, 36; (4) three specimens, Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde area, 6– 14.vi.1973, 1400–1700 m, Erwin & Hevel Central American Expedition; (5) one specimen, Turrialba, Costa Rica, 24.v.1951, O.L. Cartwright; (6) one specimen, Hamburg Farm, Sta. Clara Prov., Costa Rica, 7.viii.1924, Nevermann Collection 1940; (7) one specimen, Costa Rica, Heredia, 1800 m, Monte de la Cruz, 30.vi.2001, C.L. & S.L. Staines; (8) one specimen, Costa Rica, San Jose, 1000–1200 m, August 1980, N.L.H. Krauss; (9) one specimen, Finca La Pacífica, 7 km NW Cañas, Guanacaste Prov., Costa Rica, D.H.J., 28.vii–4.viii.1969; (10) one specimen, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Hacienda Palo Verde, 6-15.vii.1976, J.C. Solomon coll., 128; (11) one specimen, Turrialba, Costa Rica, Coll. Schil & Burgdorf.

ECUADOR

FSCA: (1) eight specimens, Ecuador, Pichincha, Tinalandia, 12 km E Santo Domingo de los Colorados, ca. 2500 ft, 11–17.v.1986, J.E. Eger leg. MfN: (1) two specimens, Balzapamba, Ecuad., R. Haensch S., Zool. Mus. Berlin [one with: Calligrapha sponsa Stål , det. M. Daccordi 1991]; (2) one specimen, Ecuador, Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 27.9.1978, Blümel leg., Polyspila fulvipes Stål, Erber det. 1992. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Balzapamba, Ecuad., 5.vi.1938, elev. 700 m, Wm. Clarke-MacIntyre leg., F. Monrós Collection 1959; (2) one specimen, Ecuador, Siemiradski, 1882–1883, F. Monrós Collection 1959; (3) three specimens, Ecuador, Allard, F. Monrós Collection 1959, Calligrapha nupta Stål F. Monrós det. 1954; (4) one specimen, Equateur, Gift of F.C. Bowditch, Gift ex MCZ, Dupl. Series; (5) one specimen, Ecuador, Pich. Prov., Río Toachi, 4 km E of Alluriquin, 17.iv.1977, Elaine R. Hodges; (6) three specimens, 12 [1x], 2321, Ecuador, Road between Quito & Santo Domingo, vii.1964, Dr. Ch. Gregoire; (7) one specimen, F.W. Rohwer, Zaruma, Ecuador; (8) one specimen, Ecuador, Manabí, Río San Marcos, W.C. MacIntyre, 30.iii.1949. TAMUIC: (1) one specimen [X0535634], Ecuador, Pichincha, E of Santo Domingo, 8–14.v.1988, P. Hanson & G. Bohart leg. ZSM: (1) six specimens, Ecuador, Prov. Pichincha, Alluriquin, 1000 m, Tinalandia, 4.iii.1988 [4x], 6.iii.1988 [2x], leg. Riede et al., Calligrapha sponsa? Stål det. G. Scherer 1989.

3 The same series includes many specimens which conform to the typical C. fulvipes .

GUATEMALA

MCZ: (1) two specimens, Gua. [one with: Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010]. NHM: (1) one specimen, Guatemª. 55.71. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Villa Nueva, Guatemala, near the city, Casey bequest 1925. MEXICO

MCZ: (1) one specimen, Tehuantepec, Mexico, Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (2) one specimen, Calligrapha fulvipes, Mex., Klug, Mex. , Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. MfN: (1) one specimen, Canelas, Becker. NHM: (1) one specimen, named by Stål, Baly Coll., sponsa Stål Mexico [underneath: Type Stål 23]; (2) one specimen, 78, fulvipes Stål , Mexico. NMCZ: (1) one specimen [supposed syntype of C. sponsa ], sponsa Dj. Stål , Mexico, ex coll. Chevrolat, Type [red label], Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense.

PANAMA

HNHM: (1) one specimen,Amer. cent., Chiriquí, C. fulvipes det. Daccordi 1979. MCZ: (1) four specimens, Bugaba, 800–1,500 ft., Champion, Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010 [three with: Jacoby 2nd Coll.]; (2) five specimens, Canal Zone, Red Tank, 30.vi.1924 [1x], 1.vii.1924 [3x], 8.vii.1924 [1x], N. Banks, Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010; (3) one specimen, Obispo, Panama; (4) three specimens, Panama, Panama [two with: Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010]; (5) one specimen, Panama, C.F. Davis; (6) one specimen, Panama. MfN: (1) one specimen, Panama, El Boquete, A. Boutete S.V.; (2) nine specimens, Chiriqui, Panama; (3) three specimens, Chiriqui [one with: nupta Stål ]; (4) two specimens, Chiriqui, Ribbe; (5) one specimen, V. de Chiriqui, 25–4000 ft., Champion, 96390; (6) one specimen, Bugaba, 800– 1.500 ft., Champion, 96391; (7) one specimen, * Panama. NHM: (1) two specimens, Bugaba, 800–1500 ft, Champion, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr.-Amer.; (2) one specimen, V. de Chiriqui, 25–4000 ft., Champion, Calligr. fulvipes, Godman-Salvin Coll., Biol. Centr. -Amer.; (3) one specimen, Panama, 71.12. NHMB: (1) one specimen, Chiriquí, Erwerb 1955, Coll. Brancsik; (2) three specimens, Panama, Canal Zone, xii.1960, G. Frey [one with: Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. GómezZurita det. 2010]. NMCZ: (1) one specimen, Chiriqui, Ribbe, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål = marmorata J. Achard det. in BCA, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) three specimens, Juan Mina Plantation, CZ, G 88, swept from grass and cowpeas, 13.vii.1918, H.F. Dietz & J. Zetek Col. [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ]; (2) one specimen, Limon Plantation, Chagres River, RP, G115, sweeping around cornfield, 14.vii.1918, H.F. Dietz & J. Zetek Col., Calligrapha fulvipes Stål ; (3) one specimen, Pan., Panama Prv., El Llano, Carti Rd., k. 8–11, 24.v–2.vi.1992, J.E. Wappes, Calligrapha fulvipes (Stål) Det. E.G. Riley ‘94; (4) one specimen, Panama, Pn. Prv., Cerro Campana, 16– 17.v.1999, Wappes & Morris, Calligrapha fulvipes Stål Det. E.G. Riley ‘01; (5) one specimen, Panama, Chiriqui, Boquete, 1200 m, 30.v.1983, W.E. Steiner; (6) four specimens, Canal Zone, Panama, Summit, N.L.H. Krauss Col’n, Oct. ‘46; (7) one specimen, Panama, El Valle, Jan. 1947, NLH Krauss; (8) one specimen, Panma, H.G. Irenco, Calligrapha sp.; (9) one specimen, Panama, Panama, Cerro Campana, 20 May ‘ 73, 454 m, Ginter Ekis; (10) one specimen, Panama, Pma. P., Cerro Campana, 8º40’N 79º56’W, 6 Apr. 1971, R. Belzer; (11) one specimen, Panama, Pan., Cerro Campana, 16.vii.1976, Wayne E. Clark; (12) two specimens, Panama, G. Regis; (13) four specimens, frm. Bro., G. Regis, Panama, Pan.; (14) one specimen, Santiago, Vera G. Pan., A.L. Wilcox thru M.L.J. Higgins 22; (15) one specimen, Panama, C.Z., Fort Kobbe, 16 June ‘71, W.E. Bivin; (16) four specimens, Panamá, Canal Zone, La Pita signal station rd., 7.vi.1976, Coll. E.G. Riley [one with: Calligrapha fulvipes Stål Det. E.G. Riley ‘79]; (17) one specimen, Bugaba, 800–1500 ft., Champion; (18) one specimen, Panama, C.Z., Gamboa, 1.v.1972, R. & E. Froeschner; (19) one specimen, Pan., Panama Prov., 7–11 km El Llano-Cartí Rd. 7, 7.v.1999, Morris & Wappes, Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2011. RBINS: (1) one specimen, Chiriqui, 25–4000 ft., Champion. ZSM: (1) ten specimens, Panamá, Canal Zone, La Pita signal station rd., 7.vi.1976, Coll. E.G. Riley [two with: collection B. Gruev; one with: Calligrapha (s. str.) fulvipes Stål Det. E.G. Riley ‘82]; (2) one specimen, Chiriquí, Panama, sponsa Dej.

UNKNOWN

MCZ: (1) one specimen, 1st Jacoby Coll.; (2) one specimen, 18, Calligrapha sponsa Dej., St. Fe , Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Gómez-Zurita det. 2010. MfN: (1) one specimen, sponsa Stål ; (2) one specimen, sponsa Stål, Muzo ; (3) one specimen, 55. NHM: (1) one specimen, [no data]; (2) one specimen, E. Coll. Laferté, 67-56. NHMB: (1) one specimen, [illegible], Calligrapha sponsa Stål J. Bechyné det. 1951. NMCZ: (1) four specimens, 128, Calligrapha ?; (2) one specimen, Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense. NMNH: (1) one specimen, Gift Ex MCZ, Dupl. Series; (2) two specimens, Gift of F.C. Bowditch, Gift Ex MCZ, Dupl. Series.

Taxonomic notes. Making a decision about this species has been the most challenging in my global revision of the genus Calligrapha . To start with, there was the issue about the authority of this taxon that needed some discussion, as presented above. But most importantly, the species has one of the larger ranges of all known species and it shows a degree of phenotypic variation in the type and appearance of elytral markings higher than usual, and apparently showing some degree of geographic structure too in the distribution of this variation. This complexity finds its exemplification in the existence of several similar taxa that made it difficult to decide the species limits. Stål (1859) described three species, including C. fulvipes from Mexico [syntypes at NHM, NRM and maybe MfN], but also C. nupta and C. sponsa from Nova Granada (large Spanish viceroyalty encompassing what would become parts of Panama, Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela). A few years later, he referred to the high similarity with each other (Stål 1865). These similarities actually led Jacoby (1891) to note the impossibility to find any difference that would justify separating C. nupta from the typical C. fulvipes from Mexico. This author also noted that the latter species reached as far south as Panama, where the specimens more similar to the types of C. nupta and C. sponsa start to become prevalent. Indeed, these taxa are similar and share a number of features about their elytral maculation, the more conspicuous feature helping to distinguish species in Calligrapha ( Gómez-Zurita 2015a) . These similarities include a relatively narrow sutural marking, with short divergent basal ends of subsutural stripe; a large humeral marking of irregular edges comprising humeral spot, lunule and basal spot of arcuate band, with a conspicuous spot in internal declivity of humerus; relatively small spot enclosed by humeral lunule; and a large roundish postmedian discal spot. But they show some conspicuous differences as well, which taken as extremes prompted the description of more than one taxon. The most important would include the degree of melanization, resulting in larger (and perhaps darker), more confluent and thus less spots typical of C. nupta , and the reduction of number of spots at apical declivity of elytra relative to typical C. fulvipes that characterize C. sponsa . As a general statement, these taxa mainly differ in the type of maculae in the posterior half of elytra. Thus, for example, the type of C. nupta has fewer spots and heavier maculation than the typical C. fulvipes , and spot confluence makes more apparent the apical spot of the arcuate band, which is typically dissolved in smaller spots in C. fulvipes (compare Figs 12a and 12c ). Possibly because of this generalized heavier maculation, the humeral marking in typical C. nupta appears closer to basal margin of elytron, sometimes narrowly connected with it through the spot at internal humeral declivity. In the case of the type of C. sponsa , the small irregular spots in the apical half of elytra of typical C. fulvipes appear as two markings: a large transverse spot at apical declivity of elytra, and a small, sometimes minute apical spot ( Fig. 12d ). However, fusion of spots in individuals closer to the type of C. fulvipes or spot fragmentation in individuals more similar to C. sponsa or C. nupta produce a range of intermediate phenotypes that challenge the separation of these taxa. Apparently, the distribution of these taxa suggest the existence of a latitudinal cline, whereby the specimens with simplified markings on the posterior half of elytra could appear to be more abundant in the southern parts of the species range. If this morphological trait were segregated geographically, it would be useful to reflect morphological differences using some degree of taxonomic differentiation, e.g., proposing at least two subspecies. However, as it will be seen later, these features hint geographic variation, but appear in fact across the whole range of the species, with typical C. fulvipes found as far south as Ecuador, and specimens with the typical C. sponsa appearance as far north as Mexico. Morever, in some cases, specimens belonging to two different morphs were collected in the same locality. Putting all this evidence together, and also the similarities found in the characteristics of male genitalia (compare Fig. 12a with 12b–c), I am reluctant to recognize these taxa as different species, and feel compelled to propose the alternative hypothesis of them representing the same polymorphic species: Phyllis fulvipes Gistel, 1848 (= Calligrapha nupta Stål, 1859 syn. nov.; = Calligrapha sponsa Stål, 1859 syn. nov.). In 1860, Stål described another species, C. bajula , from Guatemala, and found it most similar with Chrysomela serpentina Rogers (Stål 1865) . Jacoby (1882) merely reported this record in Biologia Centrali Americana, but acknowledging that he had not seen any specimen that he could relate to this species. However, it is important to hightlight here that at the time that Jacoby was working in this project, the BMNH collection actually hosted a specimen of C. bajula , most likely the type for the reasons that will be exposed below, which had been acquired in 1867 as part of a large lot of chrysomelid beetles in the collection of Reverend Hamlet Clark (p. 565, Günther 1906). Many of the specimens in this lot, including this specimen, were originally in the collections of A. Chevrolat, F. de la Ferté-Sénectère, J. Thomson, or H. Clark himself, and can be recognized because they have a small label identifying the lot, “67-56”. Among the most remarkable features for this taxon, Stål cited “ duabus [maculis] transversis arcuatis pone medium maculam majorem circumdantibus ” ( Stål 1860) or “ una [vitta] paullo pone médium inter fasciolas duas opposite curvatas ” (Stål 1865), thus a median spot on elytra placed between two transverse and opposedly curved vittae. It is possible that particularly the posterior transverse arcuate stripe compelled the author to suggest the proximity with C. serpentina . However, the type and distribution of elytral markings in this taxon, including the lack of arcuate band, a prominent feature of C. serpentina and its closest relatives, are more clearly in the range displayed by C. fulvipes . Specifically, C. bajula is most similar to typical C. nupta , except for the presence of the basal curved transverse band, which would be in part fused to the humeral marking in the latter. The molecular phylogeny of Montelongo & Gómez-Zurita (2014) included one specimen from Panamá compatible with the characteristics of C. bajula . The analysis also included samples of typical C. fulvipes from Mexico and Nicaragua, and they appeared monophyletic and very closely related to the specimen identified as C. bajula , with divergence times in the Upper Pleistocene, under 700,000 years ago, in a range overlapping intra- and interspecific divergences in other Calligrapha . As with the other taxa discussed above, the marked morphological similarities with C. fulvipes (also in the characteristics of male genitalia; compare Figs 13a and 13d ), knowing the high plasticity in elytral markings of this group and, in this case, the objective phylogenetic proximity among divergent phenotypes, compel me to hypothesize this taxon as a new synonym of C. fulvipes (= Calligrapha bajula Stål, 1860 syn. nov.).

In the list above of material examined, the records for each of these taxa have been presented separately for future reference, taking into consideration that they represent only a subjective opinion about each individual specimen looking more or less similar to one of the type specimens, and that this decision may be sometimes arbitrary considering the amount of variation in the disposition and fussion patterns of spots on the elytra of this species. Given that this synonymization may be considered a contentious decision, I will indicate below lectotype designation for Stål’s types, to help fixing the nomenclature and guide further research and discussion on this issue. In any case, only a phylogeographic study is likely to shed light in favor of accepting one or more than one species in this taxonomic assemblage.

Lectotype designation of Calligrapha bajula Stål, 1860 : As explained above, the Coleoptera collection in the Natural History Museum (London), has one specimen that matches all the details in the original description of this species, and clues about this specimen having been part of Chevrolat’s collection, the confirmed source of the specimen as reported by Stål (1865). In particular, the specimen was apparently collected by Sallé, who supplied beetles to Chevrolat, patron of his campaigns in Central America; and, as already mentioned, it was acquired by the BMNH in 1867 as part of a lot that included Chevrolat’s Chrysomelidae ( Günther 1906) . There are no elements in the original description that suggest that more than one specimen was available to the author, and this specimen is selected here as holotype, by monotypy ( Fig. 12b ): Guatemala, Sallé, Chr. bajula Stål , Guatemala, 67-56 (BMNH).

Lectotype designation of Calligrapha nupta Stål, 1859 : According to Stål (1865), the material for the description of this taxon was deposited in the collections of the Natural History Museums of Berlin and Stockholm. The description is most likely based on a series rather than on a single specimen, as suggested by the use of the adverb circiter (adv. of number: about, near, not far from), saepius (adv., often) and variabilibus (adj., variable) applied to the number of elytral maculae, as well as the size expressed as a range. Indeed, the Museum in Berlin hosts a series with one specimen clearly identified from Bogotá (the locality mentioned in the original description), from Dejean’s collection, which match the original description, but not better than the specimen currently identified as type in Stockholm. The original description is very succinct and only mentions the number of elytral markings (ten, but usually less), a discal round spot and characteristics of the humeral marking. The specimen from Stockholm has ten elytral markings, as mentioned in this description, and it is the one in the putative original series that fits better the additional characteristics reported in Stål’s (1865) redescription: “ duabus [maculis] ovalibus vel oblongis opposite obliquis, pone maculam magnam discoidalem positis ”. The specimens in Berlin, including the one with higher chances to belong to the syntype series, have the outline of these markings broken, of irregular shape or fused with surrounding spots, while the specimen in Stockholm shows clearly the two markings as described. For these reasons, even though label information is more accurate in the case of the specimen in Berlin, the one currently identified as type at NRM is selected as lectotype, by present designation ( Fig. 12c ): Columbia, Tarnier, Type, Typus [red label] (NRM).

Lectotype designation of Calligrapha sponsa Stål, 1859 : Carl Stål deposited the material used for the description of this taxon in two institutions, the Natural History Museums of Stockholm and Berlin (Stål 1865). Specimens identified as and compatible with being types based on their labels were found in both collections, although the original description did not include evidence that more than one specimen had been used to describe it. In fact, this taxon was redescribed in Stål’s (1865) monograph possibly readapting it to the availability of additional material. For instance, among other things, the original description mentions about nine markings on elytra, while the redescription refers only eight. Of the two potential syntypes, only the one in Berlin has nine markings on the elytra, as was suggested in Stål (1859), and its size is more faithful if slightly larger to the data reported in this work (i.e., 7.5 mm long and 4.5 mm wide). For these reasons, the specimen in Berlin is selected as lectotype, by present designation ( Fig. 12d ): 29779, sponsa Dej., Carthagena Dej. [green label] (MfN).

Variation. Calligrapha fulvipes (Gistel) has been reported above as a fundamentally variable species, mainly owing to the number, size and type of elytral maculae. This variability prompted the description of several taxa, but it is also ostensive among specimens within any particular morph. Morever, the distribution of this variation suggests the possibility of some geographic trends. Most specimens of C. fulvipes show a conspicuous greenish metallic shine on head, pronotum and elytral markings. More rarely, the tinge is bluish (as in the Neotype), purplish or black, with the dark bluish or black tinge more often seen in specimens similar to the types of C. sponsa or C. nupta . Stål’s (1865) redescription of Calligrapha nupta mentions that the antennae are black except their basal segments; in fact, the apical segments of all specimens of C. fulvipes examined here, including those heavy melanized and originally ascribed to C. nupta , are pale testaceous and in no case as dark as to be considered black. The spot of humeral declivity is always present, and it is rarely narrowly connected externally to the base of the humeral marking, only in those specimens with heavier maculation than usual (e.g., two specimens from MfN originally identified as C. nupta ). In individuals with heavier elytral markings than the type, the humeral marking can be also connected to the large postmedian round spot on elytra (as on the left elytron of the lectotype of C. nupta ) or more rarely reaching the spot assimilated to the apical spot of the arcuate band. Again, in some rare instances, and in individuals with heavy maculation, the subhumeral spot can be confluent with humeral marking through lateral expansions of the latter. In any case, the highest variability of maculae in the species appears in the spots of the apical half of elytra, where they have more irregular profiles. In typical C. fulvipes , the spot identified as apical spot of arcuate band and other discal markings tend to be reduced or broken in smaller spots around the big postmedian roundish spot. This is usually the case for most Mexican specimens. However, in Guatemalan and Nicaraguan specimens spot confluence is already noticeable, and the trend appears perhaps exacerbated in Panamanian specimens, which often show a transverse or oblique elongated spot in apical declivity of elytra. Further south, it is not rare that specimens (e.g., all samples from Ecuador examined at NMCZ) show heavier than typical maculation and also more confluence of spots at apical declivity of elytra. But one of the paralectotypes of C. sponsa at NRM and a very similar specimen at MNCZ possibly represent the extreme of a trend to maculae reduction on elytra. Thus, while specimens currently considered belonging to this taxon generally show less elytral markings than typical C. fulvipes , they are rarely as simplified as in these specimens, which show only three spots in the posterior half of elytra: the large roundish postmedian spot; a large transverse inverted triangular spot behind previous one; and a small apical spot. But, in general, the small spots close to the larger features of elytra appear without a specific pattern.

Distribution. Brown (1946) cited the presence of C. fulvipes in the United States based on one specimen in the entomological collection of Cornell University and labeled as found in Kingsville, Texas. Subsequent authors (e.g., Blackwelder & Blackwelder 1948; Wilcox 1972; Gómez-Zurita 2005) reproduced this record. Based on the description of the specimen, it is plausible that it belongs to C. fulvipes . In fact, during the course of the current study, a number of specimens of this species and allegedly from Texas (and Indiana!) have been found too. Interestingly, all these specimens share the particularity of coming from T.L. Casey’s collection. However, given the intense recent entomological surveys in Texas and the lack of additional records, these reports are suggestive of an accidental, unsuccesful introduction or a labeling mistake. Apart from these dubious US records, the list above reports the presence of C. fulvipes in Brazil and Cayenne, which based on our current knowledge, have to be signified as labeling mistakes. Based on the abundant collection material researched for this work, the distribution of this species ( Fig. 11 , white and gray circles) can be established from northern Mexico, across all of Mesoamerica and along the Andes reaching Peru, and it is typical of montane biomes and moist forests. With such a huge range, the number of these biomes where the species occurs is also high. From north to south, in the Mesoamerican region the species can be found in Pine-Oak Forest biomes of Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, TransMexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre del Sur, and the Central American Pine-Oak Forests; also in the Montane Forest biomes of Sierra de los Tuxtlas, Oaxaca, Veracruz, and the Central American and Talamancan Montane Forests; and the chain of Moist Forest biomes including Veracruz, Petén-Veracruz, Sierra Madre de Chiapas, Costa Rican Seasonal, Isthmian-Pacific and Isthmian Atlantic Moist Forests. In South America, the species is also present in montane and moist forests from Colombia to Peru, and herein we have records for the following biomes: Cauca Valley, Magdalena Valley, Northwestern Andean, and Eastern Cordillera Real Montane Forests; and MagdalenaUrabá and Western Ecuador Moist Forests, with some sporadic records further south from the Peruvian Yungas. The ecological diversity seemingly covered by this species may explain in part its phenotypic diversity.

Figures

FIGURE 11. Distribution of Calligrapha sallei (Achard) in Venezuela and northern Colombia (black circles), and of C. fulvipes (Gistel) from Mexico to Peru (white circles; gray circles: individuals with traits reminiscent of the types of C. bajula Stål, C. nupta Stål and C. sponsa Stål).

FIGURE 12. Dorsal and lateral views of the neotype of Calligrapha fulvipes (Gistel) (a), holotype of C. bajula Stål (b), lectotype of C. nupta Stål (c), lectotype of C. sponsa Stål (d), lectotype of C. felina Stål (e), and lectotype of C. pantherina Stål (f). Scale = 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 13. Dorsal (apex), ventral and lateral views of the penises of Calligrapha fulvipes (Gistel) (a), C. sponsa Stål (b), C. nupta Stål (c), C. bajula Stål (d), C. felina Stål (e), and C. pantherina Stål (f). Scale = 0.5 mm.