Calendula suffruticosa subsp. djurdjurensis Ohle ex A.C. Gonç. & P. Silveira, 2023

Gonçalves, Ana Carla, Ouhammoud, Ahmed, Amirouche, Rachid, Santos, Conceição, Figueiredo, Estrela & Silveira, Paulo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Calendula (Asteraceae) in Morocco, including some taxa from Algeria and Tunisia, Phytotaxa 605 (1), pp. 1-83 : 45-46

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.605.1.1
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E82AFC0A-1562-CA42-66ED-FA84844FFD55
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Calendula suffruticosa subsp. djurdjurensis Ohle ex A.C. Gonç. & P. Silveira
status	subsp. nov.

Treatment

11c. Calendula suffruticosa subsp. djurdjurensis Ohle ex A.C. Gonç. & P. Silveira , subsp. nov. Type:— ALGERIA.

Algiers: versant septentrional des montagnes du Djurdjura, territoire des Beni Bou Addou, cercle de Dra el Mizan, July

1854, Boissier s.n. (holotype G!).

Diagnosis:— Calendula suffruticosa subsp. djurdjurensis differs from C. suffruticosa subsp. suffruticosa by the presence of trialate achenes. It differs from subsp. boissieri by having leaves predominantly glandular pubescent and middle achenes sub-cymbiform to trialate with lateral wings with serrate margins, instead of cymbiform achenes with lateral wings with entire margins.

Description:––Perennial herbs, ± woody at the base. Stems (12) 17.8–29 (52) cm long, erect to ascending, ± branched, predominantly glandular pubescent to slightly white-arachnoid pubescent. Basal leaves (6.5) 7.8–10.4 (11.5) × (1.8) 2–2.8 (3) cm, 0.3–0.4 mm thick, narrowly oblanceolate to obovate, apex acute, or sometimes ± obtuse, margins sinuate-dentate, with glandular and non-glandular white-arachnoid pubescence. Capitula solitary, (3) 3.4–5.3 (5.6) cm diameter. Outer achenes rostrate (8.3) 10.3–12.3 (13.8) × (1.7) 1.8–2.3 (2.5) mm, curved at approx. 90º, with dorsal spines 0.5 – 1.5 mm long, normally with one basal tooth; middle achenes sub-cymbiform to trialate (7.5) 8.4–9.7 (10.8) × (5.5) 5.8–6.8 (9.2) mm, with ventral wings smaller than the lateral ones, and lateral wings with serrate margins; inner achenes vermiculate-exalate (5) 5.5–6.2 (7.2) × (1.7) 1.8–2.3 (2.8) mm, generally circular to hemicyclic. Figure 18 View FIGURE 18 .

Habitat and distribution:—Limestone mountains at elevations of 1150–1800 m. It is found in humid Mediterranean bio-climate. Endemic to Algeria with a distribution restricted to the Djurdjura Mountains (National Park of Tikdja, Tizi n’Kouilal).

Conservation status:— Data Deficient (DD) . This taxon is under numerous threats, especially due to climate change, and development (uncontrolled tourism, leisure activities). The subspecies is rare and local with a small-restricted range. However, although we found only one population, other populations seem to occur in other parts of the Djurdjura Mountains. The AOO is 4 km 2, which would indicate a conservation status of CR. However, since the information to assess their extinction risk based on distribution and number of populations in insufficient, we propose the status of this taxon to be DD.

Chromosome number:— 2n = 32.

Genome size:—3.10 ± 0.14 pg.

Eponymy:—The name C. suffruticosa var. djurdjurensis was coined by Ohle in sched., on a specimen of a carpological collection from Djurdjura (Ohle CAL44 (D4766). Although Ohle did not publish this name, examination of the achene morphology of this specimen revealed that it coincides with the morphology found in the specimen Boissier s.n. selected as type of this new taxon, and he presented the typical achene morphology of C. suffruticosa subsp. boissieri on a plate which includes only rostrate, cymbiform, and vermiculate achenes ( Ohle 1975b, Tafel XXXII).

Additional collections:— ALGERIA. Djurdjura: N side of Jbel Djurdjura,below Tala Guilef , 18 km above Boghni [36º 28’ N, 3º 58’ W], 1150–1200 m, 5 June 1971 GoogleMaps , P.H. Davis 53195 ( BM!); Djurdjura, between Tizi-N’Kouilal pass and Tikjda [36°27’ N, 4°10’ E], 1800 m, 21 June 1975 GoogleMaps , P.H. Davis 59345 ( BM!); Tizi n’Kouilal , 1798 m [36°27’46” N, 4°10’06” E], 7 June 2013 GoogleMaps , P. Silveira , A. C. R. S. Gonçalves & R. Amirouche 3321 ( AVE!, ENSA!); 1798 m [36°27’46” N, 4°10’06” E], 8 August 2013 GoogleMaps , R. Amirouche & N. Amirouche in P. Silveira 3343 ( AVE!) .

N	Nanjing University
BM	Bristol Museum
P	Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants
A	Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum
C	University of Copenhagen
R	Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile
S	Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History
AVE	Universidade de Aveiro