Burmeistera fuscoapicata E.Wimm., Repert., 2023

González, Favio, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) in Colombia, Phytotaxa 615 (1), pp. 1-113 : 48

21. Burmeistera fuscoapicata E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 29: 55. 1931.

Type:— COLOMBIA. Nariño: “prope Pasto”, May (fl), E. André 3046 (holotype: K! [ K000250833 ]). Figs. 11H–I , 12 .

Decumbent to climbing herbs or shrubs up to 3 m tall, sometimes epiphytic. Stem glabrescent except for the young parts that are puberulous. Petiole 0.5‒2.0 cm long, glabrescent to puberulous; blade ovate, elliptic or sometimes narrowly obovate, (4.0–) 5.5–10.0 (–18.0) × (2.5–) 3.0–6.0 (–7.0) cm, glabrous above, glabrescent to puberulous along the veins and with venation ferruginous and areoles glaucous to pale yellow (in siccus) beneath, base rounded, cordate, subcordate or cuneate, slightly asymmetric, apex acuminate, acumen up to 1.5 cm long, margin subentire to very slightly crenate, with 4 to 8 obtuse, marginal teeth per side (c 1 per cm), 5–8 mm distant from each other, hydathodes marginal, secondary veins 5 to 9 per side, higher order venation densely reticulate and darker (in siccus), intramarginal vein present, discontinuous. Peduncle 3–5(–7) cm long, glabrescent to slightly puberulous, ebracteolate. Hypanthium subglobose to urceolate, 5–6 × 6–7 mm, glabrous or slightly puberulous. Calyx lobes narrowly ovate to linear (length:width ratio 4:1), 8–15(–22) × 2.0– 2.5 mm, reflexed to patent, glabrescent to slightly puberulous at the base, basally spaced by sinuses 1‒2 mm wide, margin subentire to slightly toothed or sinuous, with 3 or 4 marginal teeth per side, apex obtuse. Corolla green to green-yellow suffused maroon to purple, glabrescent to puberulous; tube 1.0– 1.5 cm long, 4–5 mm diameter at its mid-level, inflated proximally and distally; lobes oblong-triangular, falcate, apex acuminate, dorsal lobes 12–15 × 3–4 mm, lateral lobes 6–10 × 3–5 mm, ventral lobe 5 × 3–4 mm. Synandrium 2.6–3.1 cm long, exserted up to 1.5 cm; filament tube 2.2–2.5 cm long, glabrous to sparsely puberulous; anther tube 4–6 mm long, glabrescent to puberulous, ventral anthers barbate, with an apical tuft of white-yellowish trichomes at pre-anthesis, ebarbate at anthesis. Berries ovoid to oblate, 7–15 × 8–15 mm, not inflated, glabrous or glabrescent, green when young, with suffused light maroon or red when ripe.

Phenology: — Burmeistera fuscoapicata sets flowers and fruits throughout the year.

Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera fuscoapicata is endemic to cloud forests of the Western and Central cordilleras of Colombia, in the departments of Antioquia, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Huila, Nariño, Putumayo, Risaralda and Valle del Cauca, at elevations between 1450 and 3200. Following the IUCN (2022) Guidelines, this species qualifies for the Near Threatened (NT) category.

Notes: — Burmeistera fuscoapicata is similar to B. pennellii , from which it differs by the leaf blade glabrous above, with margin subentire to very slightly crenate, irregularly toothed especially on the distal half, with 4 to 8 obtuse teeth per side (c 1 per cm), 5–8 mm distant from each other, hydathodes marginal, venation ferruginous and areoles glaucous to pale yellow beneath; the peduncle 3–5(–7) cm long; and the berries glabrous or glabrescent (versus the leaf blade puberulous especially along midvein above, with margin regularly minutely toothed throughout, with 30‒40 acute teeth per side (4–6 per cm), c 1 mm distant from each other, hydathodes extramarginal, venation not ferruginous or areoles pale yellow beneath; the peduncle 7.0‒ 8.5 cm long; and the berries puberulous in B. pennellii ).

Additional specimens examined:— Antioquia. Caldas, vereda La Corrala, Finca La Zarza , 2440 m, 31 Mar 1987 (fl), L. Albert et al. 7493 ( HUA) ; Frontino , road to Murrí, 15 km W of Nutibara (Altos de Cuevas), ca 1 km S of road, 06°45´N, 76°23´W, 1850 m, 17 Oct 1987 (fl, fr), A. Brant et al. 1342 ( HUA) ; Abriaquí , Parque Nacional Natural Las Orquídeas , vereda Piedras, sitio La Linda, “La Truchera”, 6°38´20.2´´N, 76°7´11´´W, 2410‒2500 m, 10 Feb 2012 (fl, fr), M. González et al. 969 ( COL) ; San Luís , El Castrillón, 1700 m, C. Loaiza et al. 321 ( HUA) ; Frontino , Nutibara , Nutibara-La Blanquita road, region of Murrí, Alto de Cuevas, ca. 15 km W of Nutibara, ca. 6º45´N, 76º20´W, 1900‒2000 m, 21 Apr 1988 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12169 ( HUA, NY) ; Frontino , corr. Nutibara , Nutibara-La Blanquita road, region of Murrí, Alto de Río Cuevas, ca. 9‒18 km W of Nutibara, ca. 6º45´N, 76º20´W, 1450‒2130 m, 6–10 Apr 1989 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12452 ( HUA, NY) ; Frontino , Nutibara , Nutibara-La Blanquita road, region of Murrí, Alto de Cuevas, ca. 9‒18 km W of Nutibara, ca. 6º45´N, 76º20´W, 1450‒2130 m, 6–10 Apr 1989 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12468 ( HUA, NY) ; Jardín , Reserva La Mesenia, 2200‒2800 m, 30 Mar 2012 (fl), N. Muchhala 484 ( HUA) ; Frontino , Nutibara , cuenca alta del río Cuevas , 17 Mar 1984 (fl), D. Sánchez et al. 109 ( HUA, MEDEL, NY) ; Frontino , Nutibara , cuenca alta del río Cuevas , El Peligro , 1880 m, 14 Jan 1987 (fl), D. Sánchez et al. 955 ( MEDEL, NY). Caquetá. Belén de los Andaquíes , cabecera del río Pescado, Parque Natural Municipal Andaquí, 1°43´00,5´´N, 75°54´10,8´´W, 1800 m, 23 Jan 2017 (fl, fr), N. Castaño et al. 8561 ( COAH) ; vía hacia Florencia , km 40, Trocha, 2200‒2250 m, 17 Oct 1993 (fl, fr), C. Orozco et al. 2855 ( COL). Cauca. El Tambo, PNN Munchique , estación La Romelia, camino hacia la quebrada El Gavilán y La Balastrera, 11 May 2000 (fl, fr), C. Alcázar 099 ( COL) ; El Tambo, PNN Munchique , carretera entre las cabañas de La Romelia y Charguayaco, 2°41´22.2´´N, 76°54´4.3´´W, 2450‒2650 m, 21 Jun 2001 (fl, fr), R. Bernal et al. 2867 ( COL, HUA) ; El Tambo, vereda La Romelia, PNN Munchique, camino que de la casa de visitantes lleva a la Gallera, 2500 m, 22–24 Aug 2011 (fr), J. Garzón et al. 598 ( COL) ; El Tambo, PNN Munchique , La Romelia, 2600‒2800 m, 5 Aug 1980 (fl), G. Lozano 3636 ( COL) ; El Tambo, PNN Munchique , km 42‒47, NW of Uribe, 2560‒ 2350 m, 24 Apr 1979 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn 7413 ( COL) ; PNN Munchique , 1‒12 km into park beyond its entrance, 2100‒2440 m, ca. 2º40´N, 76º50´W, 7 May 1984 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 10288 ( JAUM, NY), 10289 ( JAUM, NY) ; km 56 of road from Timbío to Veinte de Julio, 2500 m, 14 Oct 1974 (fl, fr), P. Maas et al. 2081 ( GH) ; PNN Munchique , El Tambo, vereda La Romelia, carretera de entrada al Parque, por el refugio de Inderena, 2570–2640 m, 20 Jul 1993 (fl), M. Velayos et al. 6854 ( PSO), 6968 ( COL). Chocó. San José del Palmar , vereda San Antonio, carretera del pueblo al Alto del Galápago, 4°52´4.6´´N, 76°13´25.2´´W, 1478 m, 9 Mar 2012 (fl, fr), R. Bernal et al. 4784 ( COL) ; carretera Ansermanuevo a San José del Palmar , entre el Alto de Galápago y San José del Palmar, 1700‒1940 m, 27 Aug 1976 (fl), E. Forero et al. 2218 ( COL) ; carretera Ansermanuevo a San José del Palmar, 8.4 km del Alto de Galápago, 1600 m, 19 Feb 1977 (fl, fr), E. Forero et al. 3024 ( COL) ; San José del Palmar , reserva Galápagos, 2200‒2500 m, 31 May 2008 (fl, fr), J. Garzón et al. 479 ( COL) ; Ansermanuevo-San José del Palmar road, from Chocó-Valle border W 10 km towards San José del Palmar , 1524‒2050 m, 4º40´N, 76º25´W, 15 May 1984 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 10537 ( JAUM, NY), 10544 ( JAUM, NY). Huila. Cordillera Central , Santa María , por San Joaquín, finca Primavera, 2510 m, 24 Jul 1980 (fl), L. Camargo 7219 ( COL). Nariño. Puerres , cerca de la estación de rebombeo de Ecopetrol, 2900‒3200 m, 1–3 Mar 2011 (fl), J. Garzón et al. 508 ( COL) ; Pasto , El Encano-Isla La Corota, 2800 m, 24 Apr 1974 (fl, fr), G. López et al. 581 ( PSO) ; Ipiales , carretera de La Victoria a San Jorge, “El Hospital”, 2100 m, 23 Jun 1962 (fl, fr), L. Mora 2147 ( COL; PSO) ; Pasto , corr. El Encano , sur de La Cocha , vereda La Joya, quebrada Saraconcho, 0°58´N, 77°7´W, 2740 m, 7 Sep 1996 (fl), B. Ramírez 10072 ( PSO). Putumayo. San Francisco , km 83 de la carretera al Oriente, 2750 m, 17 Jun 1973 (fl, fr), O. de Benavides et al. 70 ( PSO) ; Valle del Sibundoy , ca. 6 km SW de Sibundoy, 2200 m, 9 May 1963 (fl, fr), M. Bristol 993 ( COL, GH) ; Alto de la Cordillera en La Cabaña , carretera de Sibundoy a Urcusique, 2810 m, 31 Dec 1940 (fl, fr), J. Cuatrecasas 11525 ( COL) ; carretera Sibundoy-Mocoa , Cordillera de Portachuelo, 2200 m, 8 Oct 1965 (fl, fr), H. García 18619 ( PSO) ; steep, moist roadside slopes and roadsides along road from Mocoa towards Sibundoy between km 112‒113, 2440 m, 28 Jan 1976 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 5067 ( COL) ; Colón , reserva natural La Rejoya, 1°18´N, 76°52´W, 2750 m, 10 Nov 1996 B. Ramírez 10173 ( PSO) ; Valley of Sibundoy , Portachuelo, 2250‒2400 m, 31 May 1946 (fl, fr), R. Schultes et al. 7746 ( COL, GH). Risaralda. Pereira , Parque Regional Ucumarí, ca. 22 km ESE of Pereira, 2100‒2670 m, 25 May 1989 (fl, fr), through Ceiba forest at lowest elevation to cloud forest at upper, ca. 4°40´N, 75°35´W, J. L. Luteyn et al. 13106 ( NY). Valle del Cauca. El Cairo , corregimiento Boquerón , Reserva Cerro del Inglés, camino de El Refugio hacia el Cerro del Inglés, 4.74694°N, 76°30672° W, 2524 m, 8 Mar 2012 (fl), R. Bernal et al. 4776 ( COL) ; entre Las Brisas y Albán, Monte La Guarida, filo de la cordillera sobre La Carbonera, 1950‒2000 m, 16–24 Oct 1946 (fl), J. Cuatrecasas 22171 ( VALLE) ; Argelia, vereda Las Brisas , 2050‒2200 m, 21 Jan 1983 (fl, fr), S. Díaz 3802 ( COL) ; Cuenca del río Cali, ca. Peñas Blancas, 23 Jan 1963 (fl), López Figueiras 8351 ( VALLE) ; Hacienda Tokio, wet montane forest behind microwave tower, ca. 10 km S of Queremal, 2000 m, 3°30´N, 76°42´W, 26 Feb 1983 (fl, fr), A. Gentry et al. 40850 ( NY) ; Valle / Chocó border, Mpio. El Cairo , corr. Boquerón , vereda Las Amarillas, Serranía de Los Paraguas, ca. 4º45´N, 76º20´W, 17‒23 km W of El Cairo, 1750‒2050 m, 13 May 1988 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12309 ( CUVC, NY) ; El Cairo , corr. Boquerón , vereda Las Amarillas , Serranía de Los Paraguas, ca. 4º45´N, 76º20´W, Cerro del Inglés, 2000‒2200 m, 14 May 1988 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12385 ( CUVC, NY), 12386 ( CUVC, NY) ; Queremal , campamento Tokyo (Telecom towers), c 9 km W of Queremal, c 3°30´N, 76°42´W, 2000‒2100 m, 21 Apr 1989 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12590 ( CUVC, NY) ; Valle / Chocó border area, El Cairo , corr. Boquerón , vereda Las Amarillas , Serranía de Los Paraguas, ca. 21‒25 km beyond El Cairo, ca. 4º45´N, 76º20´W, 1850‒2000 m, 25 Apr 1989 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12665 ( CUVC, NY) ; El Cairo , Cerro del Inglés , Cordillera Occidenta, Serranía de Los Paraguas, 2040‒2070 m, 28 Dec 1986 (fl, fr), P. Silverstone et al. 2719 ( CUVC, NY) ; El Cairo , Las Amarillas , cerca de base de Cerro del Inglés , Serranía de Los Paraguas, Cordillera Occidental, vertiente oriental, 2070‒2125 m, 29 Mar 1988 (fl), P. Silverstone et al. 3758 ( NY) ; El Cairo , Las Amarillas , cerca de base de Cerro del Inglés, Serranía de Los Paraguas, Cordillera Occidental, vertiente oriental, 2040‒2070 m, 31 Mar 1988 (fl), P. Silverstone et al. 3846 ( NY) ; Ansermanuevo-San José del Palmar road, c 50 km W of Ansermanuevo, near border of Chocó, c. 4°52´N, 76°12´W, 1950 m, 25 Jan 1986 (fl), B. Stein et al. 3291 ( JAUM).

Figures

FIGURE 11.A–D. Burmeistera fistulosa (A, Betancur et al. 15048, type; B–D, Pedraza et al. 1981), habit (A), corymbiform inflorescence (B), flower (C), and berry (D). E–G.B. fuchsioides (E–F, Luteyn et al. 11804; G, Luteyn et al. 12408), leaves and flowers (E, F), and berries (G). H–I. B. fuscoapicata (González 969), branch with flowers and berries (H), and flower (I). Photo credits: A–D. F. Gómez; E–G. J.L. Luteyn; H–I: M.F. González. Scale bars: 4 cm in A; 5 mm in B–D, F, I; 1 cm in E, G, H.

FIGURE 12. Distribution of Burmeistera fistulosa, B. formosa, B. fuchsioides, B. fuscoapicata and B. glabrata.