Bolivaridora cipolai Cadena-Castañeda & Tavares, 2025

Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando, Infante, Ivette Coque, Silva, Daniela Santos Martins & Tavares, Gustavo Costa, 2025, Studies on pygmy grasshoppers: On the current Metrodorinae sensu lato classification (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) with emphasis on American and Malagasy taxa, Zootaxa 5597 (1), pp. 1-265 : 79-85

Bolivaridora cipolai Cadena-Castañeda & Tavares , sp. nov.

( Figs. 50–54 , Maps 1 and 3)

Type material. Holotype. Male. BRAZIL, Paraná, Cornélio Procópio, Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco (P3- Mata); 23°09’20.06”S, 50°34’20.04”W. [530 m]; 14.VIII-19.IX.2009. Pitfall ( PV). Cipola, N.G. col. ( MPEG).

Paratype. Male. Same data as holotype ( MPEG) .

Description. Male. Small-size (7–7.5 mm). Coloration. Predominantly brown with some ocher, black, brown, and gray spots or stripes ( Fig. 50 ). Light brown head; clypeus with a notably lighter stripe on the distal margin; labrum light brown, with the distal margin outlined by a conspicuous darker brown stripe that undulates in the middle; palpi ocher with diffuse brown spots ( Fig. 51A ). Fore and mid femora with the relief of the surface outlined in black and dark brown ( Figs. 51D, E ); hind femora with similar coloration to the other two femora, but with the ventral external area black ( Fig. 50A ); tibiae ocher with alternating brown stripes ( Fig. 50B ), fore, and mid tarsi with the first tarsomere brown, the last tarsomere with the proximal half ocher and the rest brown; first tarsomere of the hind tarsi ocher, second tarsomere brown, last tarsomere with the basal and distal edges brown, and in the middle of these, ocher. Pronotal disc with two black ovoid spots in the middle of its length, one on each side ( Fig. 50B ). Head taller than wide, eyes occupying a third of the cephalic capsule; space between the eyes 1.5 times the width of one of the eyes ( Fig. 51A ); medial carina protruding in the middle of the eyes in lateral view, exceeding almost the length of an eye, curving slightly forward and upward; transversal carinae conspicuously produced and visible in lateral view in the middle of the eyes, without exceeding the medial carina ( Fig. 51B ); scutellum almost narrow, slightly widened; fascial carinae little divergent and parallel, protruding in lateral view and convex; lateral ocelli located near the fork of the frontal costa ( Fig. 51A ). Antennae incomplete. Thorax. Anterior margin of the pronotum almost straight; prozonal carinae developed ( Fig. 51C ), and pronotal apex rounded in dorsal and lateral view ( Fig. 50B ). Median carina elevated, giving the pronotum a tectiform appearance in lateral view ( Fig. 50A ); internal lateral carinae slightly curved in lateral view; external lateral carinae finely denticulated and curved ( Fig. 50B ); infrascapular area widened and ovoid ( Fig. 50B ); lower margin of lateral lobes subtriangular-shaped, and angulated (not rounded or pointed as previous species here described); posterior margin of lateral lobe rounded ( Fig. 51C ). Legs. Fore and mid femora rectangular, dorsal margin curved, ventral margin wavy; fore femur with three ventral undulations, the longest is the last one close to the apex, which looks like a prolongation ( Fig. 51D ); mid femur with three ventral undulations almost similar in size ( Fig. 51E ); hind femur with the antegenicular and genicular teeth well developed ( Fig. 50A ); hind tibia armed with five or six small spines on each dorsal margin ( Fig. 50B ). Abdomen unmodified ( Fig. 51F ). Tenth tergite divided by a pentagonal plate, which connects to the epiproct ( Fig. 51G ). Epiproct triangular divided into three plates, two lateral ones rhomboid in shape, and the distal one subtriangular, tapering towards the apex, which ends in a modest conical extension ( Fig. 51G ). Cerci conical, tapering towards the apex and moderately diverging towards the sides ( Fig. 51G ). Penultimate sternite mid-sized, 1.5 times longer than subgenital plate, and slightly upcurved ( Fig. 51F ); subgenital plate short, triangular, upcurved, and apex with a mid-notch; pallial plates forming an ovoid structure ( Fig. 50H ). Medial grooves straight and ending in the pallial hooks ( Fig. 50G ).

Female. Unknown.

Measurements (in mm). CFP: 7–7.5. PL: 6.0. PLB: 3–3.2. FF: 1.5–1.8. FL: 1.5–1.7. MFL: 1.9–2.0. MTL: 1.5–1.8. HL: 4.1–4.2. HW: 1.8. HTL: 3.3.

Comparison. B. cipolai sp. nov. differs from the other species of the genus by having subtriangular-shaped lateral lobes of the pronotum, with the lower margin of the lobes angulated ( Fig. 51C ), and with posthumeral spots on the pronotal disc ( Fig. 50B ). It is most similar to B. tani sp. nov., as both species have a noticeably pronounced fastigium and a pronotal disc with elevated median carinae, giving the pronotum a tectiform appearance in lateral view, but it is more elevated in B. cipolai sp. nov. The hind femur of B. cipolai sp. nov. has the ventral external area black ( Fig. 50A ), as in B. paraensis sp. nov., but this is absent in B. tani sp. nov. and B. lutosa comb. nov.

Remarks. The paratype male has darker tones but follows the coloration patterns of the holotype ( Fig. 52 ).

Recently, Josef Tumbrinck identified a female as Metrodora cf. lutosa from “Alto da Serra” in São Paulo, Brazil ( Fig. 53 ). That female fits the characteristics of B. cipolai sp. nov., differing in the median carina of the pronotum that does not elevate in the same way as the males studied here ( Fig. 53A ). In this female, the median carina elevates to the level of the shoulders, and from there onwards, it gradually curves downwards ( Fig. 53A ). This female has the same shape of the lower margin of the lateral lobes of the pronotum and the spots on the pronotal disc ( Fig. 53B ), like some of the characteristics that allow distinguishing B. cipolai sp. nov. from other known Bolivaridora gen. nov. species.

Additional records that match the characteristics of B. cipolai sp. nov. can be found on the iNaturalist platform, suggesting a distribution of the species in southern and southeastern Brazil from Paraná to Rio de Janeiro ( Fig.54 ,Maps 1 and 3):From the state of Santa Catarina, a female from Timbó(https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/192273760) and a male from Itinga, Araquari ( Fig. 54A ) (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98389984). From São Paulo, a female of Praia Grande ( Fig. 54B ) (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/97900582). From Rio de Janeiro, apparently a male from Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/65301640), a female from Alto da Boa Vista ( Fig. 54C ) (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101734894), females from the Reserva Biológica do Tinguá ( Figs. 54D, E ) (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/202320794), Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/35871504), and a male from Magé ( Fig. 54F ) (https:// www.inaturalist.org/observations/156629890). With these records, color variations are observed, maintaining the characteristic pronotal spots, which could be useful for distinguishing the species.

Etymology. We dedicate this species to the entomologist and specialist in Collembola, Dr. Nikolas Gioia Cipola, who collected this species.

Figures

FIGURE 50. Bolivaridora cipolai Cadena-Castañeda & Tavares sp. nov. Male holotype habitus. A. Lateral and B. Dorsal views.

FIGURE 51. Bolivaridora cipolai Cadena-Castañeda & Tavares sp. nov. Male holotype. A. Frons. B–C. Head and thorax in lateral and dorsal views respectively. D. Fore femur. E. Mid femur. F–H. Terminalia in lateral, dorsal and axial views respectively.

FIGURE 52. Bolivaridora cipolai Cadena-Castañeda & Tavares sp. nov. Male paratype. A. Frons. B–C. Head and thorax in lateral and dorsal views respectively. D. Fore femur. E. Mid femur. F–H. Terminalia in lateral, ventral and axial views respectively.

FIGURE 53. Bolivaridora cf. cipolai Cadena-Castañeda & Tavares sp. nov. Female. A. Habitus in lateral and B. Dorsal views. C. Frons. D. Labels. Photos: J. Tumbrinck.

FIGURE 54. Bolivaridora cipolai Cadena-Castañeda & Tavares sp. nov. A. From Itinga, Araquari. Photo: Carlos Henrique Russi. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98389984. B. From Praia Grande, São Paulo. Photo: Carlos Alexandre Mattos Raposo. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/97900582. C. From Alto da Boa Vista, Rio de Janeiro. Photo: Rogerio Dias. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101734894. D–E. From Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Rio de Janeiro. Photo: Diogo Luiz. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/202320794. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/35871504. F. From Magé, Rio de Janeiro. Photo: Edvandro Abreu Ribeiro. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/156629890. All localities from Brazil. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED.